我有以下简单的代码写在Swift 3:
let str = "Hello, playground"
let index = str.index(of: ",")!
let newStr = str.substring(to: index)
在Xcode 9 beta 5中，我得到了以下警告:
'substring(to:)'已弃用:请使用带有'partial range from'操作符的字符串切片下标。
这个部分范围的切片下标如何在Swift 4中使用?
当前回答
编程时，我经常用简单的A-Za-z和0-9组成的字符串。不需要困难的索引操作。这个扩展是基于普通的老左/中/右函数。
extension String {
// LEFT
// Returns the specified number of chars from the left of the string
// let str = "Hello"
// print(str.left(3)) // Hel
func left(_ to: Int) -> String {
return "\(self[..<self.index(startIndex, offsetBy: to)])"
}
// RIGHT
// Returns the specified number of chars from the right of the string
// let str = "Hello"
// print(str.left(3)) // llo
func right(_ from: Int) -> String {
return "\(self[self.index(startIndex, offsetBy: self.length-from)...])"
}
// MID
// Returns the specified number of chars from the startpoint of the string
// let str = "Hello"
// print(str.left(2,amount: 2)) // ll
func mid(_ from: Int, amount: Int) -> String {
let x = "\(self[self.index(startIndex, offsetBy: from)...])"
return x.left(amount)
}
}
其他回答
使用Swift 4从字符串创建子字符串(前缀和后缀):
let str : String = "ilike"
for i in 0...str.count {
let index = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: i) // String.Index
let prefix = str[..<index] // String.SubSequence
let suffix = str[index...] // String.SubSequence
print("prefix \(prefix), suffix : \(suffix)")
}
输出
prefix , suffix : ilike
prefix i, suffix : like
prefix il, suffix : ike
prefix ili, suffix : ke
prefix ilik, suffix : e
prefix ilike, suffix :
如果你想在两个索引之间生成一个子字符串，使用:
let substring1 = string[startIndex...endIndex] // including endIndex
let subString2 = string[startIndex..<endIndex] // excluding endIndex
你可以使用扩展类String来创建你的自定义subString方法，如下所示:
extension String {
func subString(startIndex: Int, endIndex: Int) -> String {
let end = (endIndex - self.count) + 1
let indexStartOfText = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: startIndex)
let indexEndOfText = self.index(self.endIndex, offsetBy: end)
let substring = self[indexStartOfText..<indexEndOfText]
return String(substring)
}
}
用这个方法你可以得到字符串的特定范围。你需要传递起始索引和你想要的字符总数。
extension String{
func substring(fromIndex : Int,count : Int) -> String{
let startIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: fromIndex)
let endIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: fromIndex + count)
let range = startIndex..<endIndex
return String(self[range])
}
}
希望这将帮助更多:-
var string = "123456789"
如果你想在某个特定的索引后面加一个子字符串。
var indexStart = string.index(after: string.startIndex )// you can use any index in place of startIndex
var strIndexStart = String (string[indexStart...])//23456789
如果你想在末尾删除某个字符串后获得子字符串。
var indexEnd = string.index(before: string.endIndex)
var strIndexEnd = String (string[..<indexEnd])//12345678
还可以使用以下代码创建索引:—
var indexWithOffset = string.index(string.startIndex, offsetBy: 4)
一些有用的扩展:
extension String {
func substring(from: Int, to: Int) -> String {
let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: from)
let end = index(start, offsetBy: to - from)
return String(self[start ..< end])
}
func substring(range: NSRange) -> String {
return substring(from: range.lowerBound, to: range.upperBound)
}
}
