我使用Java从用户获得一个字符串输入。我试着让输入的第一个字母大写。

我试了一下:

String name;

BufferedReader br = new InputStreamReader(System.in);

String s1 = name.charAt(0).toUppercase());

System.out.println(s1 + name.substring(1));

这导致了以下编译错误:

类型不匹配:不能从InputStreamReader转换为BufferedReader 不能在基本类型char上调用toUppercase()


当前回答

下面的例子也将特殊字符后的单词大写,如[/-]

  public static String capitalize(String text) {
    char[] stringArray = text.trim().toCharArray();
    boolean wordStarted = false;
    for( int i = 0; i < stringArray.length; i++) {
      char ch = stringArray[i];
      if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') || ch == '\'') {
        if( !wordStarted ) {
          stringArray[i] = Character.toUpperCase(stringArray[i]);
          wordStarted = true;
        } 
      } else {
        wordStarted = false;
      }
    }
    return new String(stringArray);
  }

Example:
capitalize("that's a beautiful/wonderful life we have.We really-do")

Output:
That's A Beautiful/Wonderful Life We Have.We Really-Do

其他回答

要将字符串中每个单词的第一个字符大写,

首先,你需要获得该字符串的每个单词&对于这个分裂字符串,其中任何空间都存在,使用split方法如下所示,并将每个单词存储在一个数组中。 然后创建一个空字符串。之后,使用substring()方法获取对应单词的第一个字符和剩余字符,并将它们存储在两个不同的变量中。

然后使用toUpperCase()方法将第一个字符大写,并将如下所示的其余字符添加到空字符串中。

public class Test {  
     public static void main(String[] args)
     {
         String str= "my name is khan";        // string
         String words[]=str.split("\\s");      // split each words of above string
         String capitalizedWord = "";         // create an empty string

         for(String w:words)
         {  
              String first = w.substring(0,1);    // get first character of each word
              String f_after = w.substring(1);    // get remaining character of corresponding word
              capitalizedWord += first.toUpperCase() + f_after+ " ";  // capitalize first character and add the remaining to the empty string and continue
         }
         System.out.println(capitalizedWord);    // print the result
     }
}

那么wordutils . capitalizately()呢?

import org.apache.commons.lang3.text.WordUtils;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        final String str1 = "HELLO WORLD";
        System.out.println(capitalizeFirstLetter(str1)); // output: Hello World

        final String str2 = "Hello WORLD";
        System.out.println(capitalizeFirstLetter(str2)); // output: Hello World

        final String str3 = "hello world";
        System.out.println(capitalizeFirstLetter(str3)); // output: Hello World

        final String str4 = "heLLo wORld";
        System.out.println(capitalizeFirstLetter(str4)); // output: Hello World
    }

    private static String capitalizeFirstLetter(String str) {
        return WordUtils.capitalizeFully(str);
    }
}

使用Apache的公共库。把你的大脑从这些东西中解放出来,避免空指针和索引脱离绑定异常

步骤1:

在build中导入apache的common lang库。gradle依赖性

implementation 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.6'

步骤2:

如果你确定你的字符串都是小写的,或者你只需要初始化第一个字母,直接调用

StringUtils.capitalize(yourString);

如果你想确保只有第一个字母是大写的,就像在枚举中那样,首先调用toLowerCase(),并记住,如果输入字符串为空,它将抛出NullPointerException。

StringUtils.capitalize(YourEnum.STUFF.name().toLowerCase());
StringUtils.capitalize(yourString.toLowerCase());

以下是apache提供的更多示例。它是无异常的

StringUtils.capitalize(null)  = null
StringUtils.capitalize("")    = ""
StringUtils.capitalize("cat") = "Cat"
StringUtils.capitalize("cAt") = "CAt"
StringUtils.capitalize("'cat'") = "'cat'"

注意:

WordUtils也包含在这个库中,但已弃用。请不要用这个。

public static String capitalizer(final String texto) {

    // split words
    String[] palavras = texto.split(" ");
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

    // list of word exceptions
    List<String> excessoes = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("de", "da", "das", "do", "dos", "na", "nas", "no", "nos", "a", "e", "o", "em", "com"));

    for (String palavra : palavras) {

        if (excessoes.contains(palavra.toLowerCase()))
            sb.append(palavra.toLowerCase()).append(" ");
        else
            sb.append(Character.toUpperCase(palavra.charAt(0))).append(palavra.substring(1).toLowerCase()).append(" ");
    }
    return sb.toString().trim();
}

下面的例子也将特殊字符后的单词大写,如[/-]

  public static String capitalize(String text) {
    char[] stringArray = text.trim().toCharArray();
    boolean wordStarted = false;
    for( int i = 0; i < stringArray.length; i++) {
      char ch = stringArray[i];
      if ((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') || ch == '\'') {
        if( !wordStarted ) {
          stringArray[i] = Character.toUpperCase(stringArray[i]);
          wordStarted = true;
        } 
      } else {
        wordStarted = false;
      }
    }
    return new String(stringArray);
  }

Example:
capitalize("that's a beautiful/wonderful life we have.We really-do")

Output:
That's A Beautiful/Wonderful Life We Have.We Really-Do