如果你想只插入几行，你有JPA设置。您可以使用下面的方法

    @SpringBootApplication
        @Slf4j
        public class HospitalManagementApplication {

            public static void main(String[] args) {
                SpringApplication.run(HospitalManagementApplication.class, args);
            }            

            @Bean
            ApplicationRunner init(PatientRepository repository) {
                return (ApplicationArguments args) ->  dataSetup(repository);
            } 

            public void dataSetup(PatientRepository repository){
            //inserts

     }

我用这种方法解决了类似的问题:

@Component
public class DataLoader {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    //method invoked during the startup
    @PostConstruct
    public void loadData() {
        userRepository.save(new User("user"));
    }

    //method invoked during the shutdown
    @PreDestroy
    public void removeData() {
        userRepository.deleteAll();
    }
}

你可以注册和事件监听器来实现如下:

@EventListener
public void seed(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
    userRepository.save(new User("lala", "lala", "lala"));
}

当ContextRefreshEvent触发时，我们可以访问应用程序中所有自动连接的bean——包括模型和存储库。

对于那些使用MysqlDriver的人，我尝试使用@bean注释的Init属性，它是有效的。

在resources\Scripts路径下创建Schema和Data sql文件后

在application.properties中添加该行

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none

编辑应用程序内容:

package com.spring_mvaen.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.DatabasePopulator;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.DatabasePopulatorUtils;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ResourceDatabasePopulator;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
  }
  @Override
  public void run(String... arg0) throws Exception {
    System.out.println("Hello world from Command Line Runner");
  }

  @Bean(name = "dataSource")
  public DriverManagerDataSource dataSource() {
    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
    dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_spring_rest?useUnicode=true&useLegacyDatetimeCode=fa    lse&serverTimezone=UTC&createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useSSL=false");
    dataSource.setUsername("root");
    dataSource.setPassword("root");

    // schema init
    Resource initSchema = new ClassPathResource("scripts/schema.sql");
    Resource initData = new ClassPathResource("scripts/data.sql");
    DatabasePopulator databasePopulator = new ResourceDatabasePopulator(initSchema, initData);
    DatabasePopulatorUtils.execute(databasePopulator, dataSource);

    return dataSource;
  }


}

我创建了一个库，用于在Spring Boot应用程序中加载初始/演示数据。你可以在https://github.com/piotrpolak/spring-boot-data-fixtures上找到它

一旦数据fixture启动器位于类路径上，它将在应用程序启动时自动尝试加载DICTIONARY数据(此行为可以由属性控制)—您所需要做的就是注册一个实现DataFixture的bean。

我发现通过代码加载初始数据优于使用SQL脚本加载:

fixture的逻辑与应用程序逻辑/领域模型非常接近，随着领域的发展，它也会进行重构 你可以从增量的演示数据更新中获益——想象一个QA环境中有一些用户数据(在应用程序部署后不需要丢失)，但同时你想为你开发的新功能添加数据

数据夹具示例:

/**
 * You can have as many fixture classes as you want.
 * @Order annotation is respected for the fixtures belonging to the same set.
 * You can make your demo database to be incrementally updated with fresh data
 * each time the application is redeployed - all you need to do is to write
 * a good condition in `canBeLoaded()` method.
 */
@Component
public class InitialDataFixture implements DataFixture {

    private final LanguageRepository languageRepository;

    // ...

    @Override
    public DataFixtureSet getSet() {
      return DataFixtureSet.DICTIONARY;
    }

    /**
     * We want to make sure the fixture is applied once and once only.
     * A more sophisticated condition can be used to create incremental demo data
     * over time without the need to reset the QA database (for example).
     */
    @Override
    public boolean canBeLoaded() {
      return languageRepository.size() == 0;
    }

    /**
     * The actual application of the fixture.
     * Assuming that data fixtures are registered as beans, this method can call
     * other services and/or repositories.
     */
    @Override
    public void load() {
      languageRepository.saveAll(Arrays.asList(
          new Language("en-US"), new Language("pl-PL")));
    }
}

这个概念的灵感来自Symfony Doctrine数据fixture包。

这也是可行的。

    @Bean
    CommandLineRunner init (StudentRepo studentRepo){
        return args -> {
            // Adding two students objects
            List<String> names = Arrays.asList("udara", "sampath");
            names.forEach(name -> studentRepo.save(new Student(name)));
        };
    }