我用这种方法解决了类似的问题:

@Component
public class DataLoader {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    //method invoked during the startup
    @PostConstruct
    public void loadData() {
        userRepository.save(new User("user"));
    }

    //method invoked during the shutdown
    @PreDestroy
    public void removeData() {
        userRepository.deleteAll();
    }
}

您可以简单地创建一个导入。在src/main/resources中创建一个sql文件，Hibernate将在创建模式时执行它。

最紧凑的(对于动态数据)将@mathias-dpunkt解决方案放入MainApp(使用Lombok @AllArgsConstructor):

@SpringBootApplication
@AllArgsConstructor
public class RestaurantVotingApplication implements ApplicationRunner {
  private final VoteRepository voteRepository;
  private final UserRepository userRepository;

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(RestaurantVotingApplication.class, args);
  }

  @Override
  public void run(ApplicationArguments args) {
    voteRepository.save(new Vote(userRepository.getOne(1), LocalDate.now(), LocalTime.now()));
  }
}

如果我只想插入简单的测试数据，我通常实现一个ApplicationRunner。这个接口的实现在应用程序启动时运行，可以使用自动连接的存储库来插入一些测试数据。

我认为这样的实现会比您的实现稍微明确一些，因为接口暗示您的实现包含一些您希望在应用程序准备好之后直接执行的操作。

你的实现看起来像这样:

@Component
public class DataLoader implements ApplicationRunner {

    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Autowired
    public DataLoader(UserRepository userRepository) {
        this.userRepository = userRepository;
    }

    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) {
        userRepository.save(new User("lala", "lala", "lala"));
    }
}

你可以这样使用:

@SpringBootApplication  
public class Application {

@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}

@Bean
InitializingBean sendDatabase() {
    return () -> {
        userRepository.save(new User("John"));
        userRepository.save(new User("Rambo"));
      };
   }
}

下面是我得到答案的方法:

@Component
public class ApplicationStartup implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> {

    /**
     * This event is executed as late as conceivably possible to indicate that
     * the application is ready to service requests.
     */

    @Autowired
    private MovieRepositoryImpl movieRepository;

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(final ApplicationReadyEvent event) {
        seedData();
    }

    private void seedData() {
        movieRepository.save(new Movie("Example"));

        // ... add more code
    }

}

感谢本文作者:

http://blog.netgloo.com/2014/11/13/run-code-at-spring-boot-startup/