用斜杠分隔date命令的结果，然后可以将每个标记移动到适当的变量中。

FOR /F "tokens=1-3 delims=/" %%a IN ("%date:~4%") DO (
SET _Month=%%a
SET _Day=%%b
SET _Year=%%c
)
ECHO Month %_Month%
ECHO Day %_Day%
ECHO Year %_Year%

这个脚本使用一个WMI接口，主要通过WMIC工具访问，这是Windows的一个组成部分，因为Windows XP专业版(家庭版也支持，但默认情况下不安装该工具)。该脚本还通过创建和调用WSH vbscript来访问WMI接口，并以与WMIC工具提供的相同格式写入控制台输出时间，从而实现了缺少WMIC工具的解决方案。

@ECHO OFF
REM Returns: RETURN
REM Modify:  RETURN, StdOut
REM Required - mandatory: none
REM Required - optionaly: format strings delimited by a space to format an output delimited by predefined delimiter
REM    YYYY = 4-digit year
REM      MM = 2-digit month
REM      DD = 2-digit day
REM      hh = 2-digit hour
REM      mm = 2-digit minute
REM      ss = 2-digit second
REM      ms = 3-digit millisecond

CALL :getTime %*
ECHO %RETURN%
GOTO :EOF


REM SUBROUTINE
REM Returns: RETURN
REM Modify:  RETURN
REM Required - mandatory: none
REM Required - optionaly: format strings delimited by a space to format an output delimited by predefined delimiter
REM    YYYY = 4-digit year
REM      MM = 2-digit month
REM      DD = 2-digit day
REM      hh = 2-digit hour
REM      mm = 2-digit minute
REM      ss = 2-digit second
REM      ms = 3-digit millisecond
:getTime
  SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
    SET DELIM=-
    WHERE /Q wmic.exe
    IF NOT ERRORLEVEL 1 FOR /F "usebackq skip=1 tokens=*" %%x IN (`wmic.exe os get LocalDateTime`) DO (SET DT=%%x & GOTO getTime_Parse)
    SET _TMP=%TEMP:"=%
    ECHO Wscript.StdOut.WriteLine (GetObject("winmgmts:root\cimv2:Win32_OperatingSystem=@").LocalDateTime)>"%_TMP%\get_time_local-helper.vbs"
    FOR /F "usebackq tokens=*" %%x IN (`cscript //B //NoLogo "%_TMP%\get_time_local-helper.vbs"`) DO (SET DT=%%x & GOTO getTime_Parse)
    :getTime_Parse
      SET _RET=
      IF "%1" EQU "" (
        SET _RET=%DT:~0,4%%DELIM%%DT:~4,2%%DELIM%%DT:~6,2%%DELIM%%DT:~8,2%%DELIM%%DT:~10,2%%DELIM%%DT:~12,2%%DELIM%%DT:~15,3%
      ) ELSE (
        REM Not recognized format strings are ignored during parsing - no error is reported.
       :getTime_ParseLoop
         SET _VAL=
         IF "%1" EQU "YYYY" SET _VAL=%DT:~0,4%
         IF "%1" EQU "MM"   SET _VAL=%DT:~4,2%
         IF "%1" EQU "DD"   SET _VAL=%DT:~6,2%
         IF "%1" EQU "hh"   SET _VAL=%DT:~8,2%
         IF "%1" EQU "mm"   SET _VAL=%DT:~10,2%
         IF "%1" EQU "ss"   SET _VAL=%DT:~12,2%
         IF "%1" EQU "ms"   SET _VAL=%DT:~15,3%
         IF DEFINED _VAL (
           IF DEFINED _RET (
             SET _RET=!_RET!%DELIM%!_VAL!
           ) ELSE (
             SET _RET=!_VAL!
           )
         )
         SHIFT
         IF "%1" NEQ "" GOTO getTime_ParseLoop
      )
  ENDLOCAL & SET RETURN=%_RET%
GOTO :EOF

这个批处理脚本将完全按照O.P.的要求执行(在Windows XP SP3上测试)。

我还使用了前面“jph”所描述的聪明的注册表技巧，我认为这是在任何新的或旧的Windows系统上获得100%一致的日期格式“yyyy_MM_dd”的最简单方法。对一个注册表值的更改是瞬时、临时和微不足道的;它只持续几毫秒，然后立即恢复。

双击此批处理文件进行即时演示，命令提示符窗口将弹出并显示您的时间戳. . . . .

::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:: generates a custom formatted timestamp string using date and time.
:: run this batch file for an instant demo.
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

@ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL & MODE CON:COLS=80 LINES=15 & COLOR 0A

:: --- CHANGE THE COMPUTER DATE FORMAT TEMPORARILY TO MY PREFERENCE "yyyy_MM_dd",
REG COPY "HKCU\Control Panel\International" "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp" /f 2>nul >nul
REG ADD "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v sShortDate /d "yyyy_MM_dd" /f 2>nul >nul

SET MYDATE=%date%

:: --- REVERT COMPUTER DATE BACK TO SYSTEM PREFERENCE
REG COPY "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp" "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /f 2>nul >nul
REG DELETE "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp" /f 2>nul >nul

:: --- SPLIT THE TIME [HH:MM:SS.SS] TO THREE SEPARATE VARIABLES [HH] [MM] [SS.SS]
FOR /F "tokens=1-3 delims=:" %%A IN ('echo %time%') DO (
SET HOUR=%%A
SET MINUTES=%%B
SET SECONDS=%%C
)

:: --- CHOOSE ONE OF THESE TWO OPTIONS :
:: --- FOR 4 DIGIT SECONDS        //REMOVES THE DOT FROM THE SECONDS VARIABLE [SS.SS]
:: SET SECONDS=%SECONDS:.=%
:: --- FOR 2 DIGIT SECONDS        //GETS THE FIRST TWO DIGITS FROM THE SECONDS VARIABLE [SS.SS]
SET SECONDS=%SECONDS:~0,2% 

:: --- FROM 12 AM TO 9 AM, THE HOUR VARIABLE WE EXTRACTED FROM %TIME% RETURNS A SINGLE DIGIT, 
:: --- WE PREFIX A ZERO CHARACTER TO THOSE CASES, SO THAT OUR WANTED TIMESTAMP
:: --- ALWAYS GENERATES DOUBLE-DIGIT HOURS (24-HOUR CLOCK TIME SYSTEM).
IF %HOUR%==0 (SET HOUR=00)
IF %HOUR%==1 (SET HOUR=01)
IF %HOUR%==2 (SET HOUR=02)
IF %HOUR%==3 (SET HOUR=03)
IF %HOUR%==4 (SET HOUR=04)
IF %HOUR%==5 (SET HOUR=05)
IF %HOUR%==6 (SET HOUR=06)
IF %HOUR%==7 (SET HOUR=07)
IF %HOUR%==8 (SET HOUR=08)
IF %HOUR%==9 (SET HOUR=09)

:: --- GENERATE OUR WANTED TIMESTAMP
SET TIMESTAMP=%MYDATE%__%HOUR%_%MINUTES%_%SECONDS%

:: --- VIEW THE RESULT IN THE CONSOLE SCREEN
ECHO.
ECHO    Generate a custom formatted timestamp string using date and time.
ECHO.
ECHO    Your timestamp is:    %TIMESTAMP%
ECHO.
ECHO.
ECHO    Job is done. Press any key to exit . . .
PAUSE > NUL

EXIT

如果安装了PowerShell，那么您可以轻松可靠地以任何您想要的格式获取日期/时间，例如:

for /f %%a in ('powershell -Command "Get-Date -format yyyy_MM_dd__HH_mm_ss"') do set datetime=%%a
move "%oldfile%" "backup-%datetime%"

当然，现在总是安装PowerShell，但在Windows XP上，你可能只会想要使用这种技术，如果你的批处理脚本是在一个已知的环境中使用，你知道PS可用(或者检查你的批处理文件，如果PowerShell可用…)

你可能会合理地问:如果你可以使用PowerShell来获取日期/时间，为什么还要使用批处理文件，但我认为一些明显的原因是:(a)你对PowerShell并不熟悉，仍然更喜欢用老式的批处理文件方式来做大多数事情;或者(b)你正在更新一个旧脚本，不想把整个脚本移植到PS上。

set hourstr = %time:~0,2%
if "%time:~0,1%"==" " (set hourstr=0%time:~1,1%)
set datetimestr=%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%-%hourstr%%time:~3,2%%time:~6,2%

在这种情况下，使用简单、标准的编程方法: 与其花费大量精力解析未知实体，不如简单地保存当前配置，将其重置为已知状态，提取信息，然后恢复原始状态。只使用标准的Windows资源。

具体来说，日期和时间格式存储在注册表项下 HKCU\Control Panel\International\ [MS定义]"values": " timeformat "及"sShortDate"。 Reg是包含在所有Windows版本中的控制台注册表编辑器。 修改HKCU密钥不需要提升权限

Prompt $N:$D $T$G

::Save current config to a temporary (unique name) subkey, Exit if copy fails
Set DateTime=
Set ran=%Random%
Reg copy "HKCU\Control Panel\International" "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp%ran%" /f
If ErrorLevel 1 GoTO :EOF

::Reset the date format to your desired output format (take effect immediately)
::Resetting the time format is useless as it only affect subsequent console windows
::Reg add "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v sTimeFormat /d "HH_mm_ss"   /f
Reg add "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v sShortDate  /d "yyyy_MM_dd" /f

::Concatenate the time and (reformatted) date strings, replace any embedded blanks with zeros
Set DateTime=%date%__%time:~0,2%_%time:~3,2%_%time:~6,2%
Set DateTime=%DateTime: =0%

::Restore the original config and delete the temp subkey, Exit if restore fails
Reg copy   "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp%ran%" "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /f
If ErrorLevel 1 GoTO :EOF
Reg delete "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp%ran%" /f

简单，直接，应该适用于所有地区。

出于我不理解的原因，重置“sShortDate”值立即生效 一个控制台窗口，但重置非常相似的“sTimeFormat”值不会生效 直到打开一个新的控制台窗口。但是，唯一可以更改的是分隔符- 数字的位置是固定的。同样，“HH”时间标记应该在前导零之前，但它没有。 幸运的是，变通方法很简单。