在Windows (Windows XP)批处理脚本中,我需要格式化当前日期和时间,以便以后在文件名等中使用。

这类似于堆栈溢出问题如何在批处理文件中添加日期,但也包含时间。

到目前为止,我有这个:

echo %DATE%
echo %TIME%
set datetimef=%date:~-4%_%date:~3,2%_%date:~0,2%__%time:~0,2%_%time:~3,2%_%time:~6,2%
echo %datetimef%

这使:

28/07/2009
 8:35:31.01
2009_07_28__ 8_36_01

是否有一种方法可以允许%TIME%中的个位数小时,以便我可以得到以下结果?

2009_07_28__08_36_01

当前回答

REM Assumes UK style date format for date environment variable (DD/MM/YYYY).
REM Assumes times before 10:00:00 (10am) displayed padded with a space instead of a zero.
REM If first character of time is a space (less than 1) then set DATETIME to:
REM YYYY-MM-DD-0h-mm-ss
REM Otherwise, set DATETIME to:
REM YYYY-MM-DD-HH-mm-ss
REM Year, month, day format provides better filename sorting (otherwise, days grouped
REM together when sorted alphabetically).

IF "%time:~0,1%" LSS "1" (
   SET DATETIME=%date:~6,4%-%date:~3,2%-%date:~0,2%-0%time:~1,1%-%time:~3,2%-%time:~6,2%
) ELSE (
   SET DATETIME=%date:~6,4%-%date:~3,2%-%date:~0,2%-%time:~0,2%-%time:~3,2%-%time:~6,2%
)

ECHO %DATETIME%

其他回答

如前所述,只有在您知道当前用户使用的格式(例如,MM/dd/yy或dd-MM-yyyy,仅举两个例子)时,解析日期和时间才有用。这是可以确定的,但是当您完成所有的强调和解析时,您仍然会遇到使用了意想不到的格式的情况,需要进行更多的调整。

您还可以使用一些外部程序,它们将以您喜欢的格式返回日期段,但这样做的缺点是需要将实用程序与脚本/批处理一起分发。

也有批处理技巧使用CMOS时钟在一个相当原始的方式,但这是太接近裸线对大多数人来说,也不总是首选的地方来检索日期/时间。

下面是避免上述问题的解决方案。是的,它引入了一些其他问题,但就我的目的而言,我发现这是在现代Windows系统的.bat文件中创建日期戳的最简单、最清晰、最可移植的解决方案。这只是一个示例,但我认为您将看到如何修改其他日期和/或时间格式等。

reg copy "HKCU\Control Panel\International" "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp" /f
reg add "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v sShortDate /d "yyMMdd" /f
@REM reg query "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /v sShortDate
set LogDate=%date%
reg copy "HKCU\Control Panel\International-Temp" "HKCU\Control Panel\International" /f

这个bat文件(保存为datetimestr.bat)生成3次datetime字符串:(1)长datetime字符串,包含星期几和秒, (2)短的datetime字符串没有它们和 (3)短版代码。

@echo off
REM "%date: =0%" replaces spaces with zeros
set d=%date: =0%
REM "set yyyy=%d:~-4%" pulls the last 4 characters
set yyyy=%d:~-4%
set mm=%d:~4,2%
set dd=%d:~7,2%
set dow=%d:~0,3%
set d=%yyyy%-%mm%-%dd%_%dow%

set t=%TIME: =0%
REM "%t::=%" removes semi-colons
REM Instead of above, you could use "%t::=-%" to 
REM replace semi-colons with hyphens (or any 
REM non-special character)
set t=%t::=%
set t=%t:.=%

set datetimestr=%d%_%t%
@echo  Long date time str = %datetimestr%

set d=%d:~0,10%
set t=%t:~0,4%
set datetimestr=%d%_%t%
@echo Short date time str = %datetimestr%


@REM Short version of the code above
set d=%date: =0%
set t=%TIME: =0%
set datetimestr=%d:~-4%-%d:~4,2%-%d:~7,2%_%d:~0,3%_%t:~0,2%%t:~3,2%%t:~6,2%%t:~9,2%
@echo Datetimestr = %datetimestr%

pause

为了给予适当的赞扬,我将彼得·莫滕森(Peter Mortensen)(14年6月18日21:02)和欧佩罗(opello)(8月25日至11日14:27)的概念融合在一起。

您可以写得更短,但是这个长版本使阅读和理解代码变得更容易。

:: =============================================================
:: Batch file to display Date and Time seprated by undescore.
:: =============================================================
:: Read the system date.
:: =============================================================
@SET MyDate=%DATE%
@SET MyDate=%MyDate:/=:%
@SET MyDate=%MyDate:-=:%
@SET MyDate=%MyDate: =:%
@SET MyDate=%MyDate:\=:%
@SET MyDate=%MyDate::=_%
:: =============================================================
:: Read the system time.
:: =============================================================
@SET MyTime=%TIME%
@SET MyTime=%MyTime: =0%
@SET MyTime=%MyTime:.=:%
@SET MyTime=%MyTime::=_%
:: =============================================================
:: Build the DateTime string.
:: =============================================================
@SET DateTime=%MyDate%_%MyTime%
:: =============================================================
:: Display the Date and Time as it is now.
:: =============================================================
@ECHO MyDate="%MyDate%" MyTime="%MyTime%" DateTime="%DateTime%"
:: =============================================================
:: Wait before close.
:: =============================================================
@PAUSE
:: =============================================================
@ECHO OFF
: Sets the proper date and time stamp with 24Hr Time for log file naming
: convention ('YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS')

: Scrapes the characters out of their expected permissions in the date/time
: environment variables.

: Expects a date format of '____MM_DD_YYYY'
: Expects a time format of 'HH:MM:SS' or ' H:MM:SS'

SET HOUR=%time:~0,2%
SET dtStamp9=%date:~-4%%date:~4,2%%date:~7,2%_0%time:~1,1%%time:~3,2%%time:~6,2% 
SET dtStamp24=%date:~-4%%date:~4,2%%date:~7,2%_%time:~0,2%%time:~3,2%%time:~6,2%

if "%HOUR:~0,1%" == " " (SET dtStamp=%dtStamp9%) else (SET dtStamp=%dtStamp24%)

ECHO %dtStamp%

PAUSE

如果安装了PowerShell,那么您可以轻松可靠地以任何您想要的格式获取日期/时间,例如:

for /f %%a in ('powershell -Command "Get-Date -format yyyy_MM_dd__HH_mm_ss"') do set datetime=%%a
move "%oldfile%" "backup-%datetime%"

当然,现在总是安装PowerShell,但在Windows XP上,你可能只会想要使用这种技术,如果你的批处理脚本是在一个已知的环境中使用,你知道PS可用(或者检查你的批处理文件,如果PowerShell可用…)

你可能会合理地问:如果你可以使用PowerShell来获取日期/时间,为什么还要使用批处理文件,但我认为一些明显的原因是:(a)你对PowerShell并不熟悉,仍然更喜欢用老式的批处理文件方式来做大多数事情;或者(b)你正在更新一个旧脚本,不想把整个脚本移植到PS上。