>>> a = 1
>>> b = 1
>>> id(a)
34120408
>>> id(b)
34120408
>>> a is b
True
>>> id(a) == id(b)
True

通过这种方式，可以获得'a'或'b'的varname。

也许我想多了，但是…

str_l = next((k for k,v in locals().items() if id(l) == id(v)))


>>> bar = True
>>> foo = False
>>> my_dict=dict(bar=bar, foo=foo)
>>> next((k for k,v in locals().items() if id(bar) == id(v)))
'bar'
>>> next((k for k,v in locals().items() if id(foo) == id(v)))
'foo'
>>> next((k for k,v in locals().items() if id(my_dict) == id(v)))
'my_dict'

我发现如果你已经有了一个特定的值列表，那么@S描述的方式。抽签是最好的;然而，下面描述的方法可以很好地在整个代码中添加所有的变量和类，而不需要提供变量名，尽管如果你想要指定它们。可以扩展代码以排除类。

import types
import math  # mainly showing that you could import what you will before d

# Everything after this counts
d = dict(globals())

def kv_test(k,v):
    return (k not in d and 
            k not in ['d','args'] and
            type(v) is not types.FunctionType)

def magic_print(*args):
    if len(args) == 0: 
        return {k:v for k,v in globals().iteritems() if kv_test(k,v)}
    else:
        return {k:v for k,v in magic_print().iteritems() if k in args}

if __name__ == '__main__':
    foo = 1
    bar = 2
    baz = 3
    print magic_print()
    print magic_print('foo')
    print magic_print('foo','bar')

输出:

{'baz': 3, 'foo': 1, 'bar': 2}
{'foo': 1}
{'foo': 1, 'bar': 2}

它不会返回变量的名称，但您可以轻松地从全局变量创建字典。

class CustomDict(dict):
    def __add__(self, other):
        return CustomDict({**self, **other})

class GlobalBase(type):
    def __getattr__(cls, key):
        return CustomDict({key: globals()[key]})

    def __getitem__(cls, keys):
        return CustomDict({key: globals()[key] for key in keys})

class G(metaclass=GlobalBase):
    pass

x, y, z = 0, 1, 2

print('method 1:', G['x', 'y', 'z']) # Outcome: method 1: {'x': 0, 'y': 1, 'z': 2}
print('method 2:', G.x + G.y + G.z) # Outcome: method 2: {'x': 0, 'y': 1, 'z': 2}

我一直很想这么做。这个技巧与rlotun的建议非常相似，但它是一行代码，对我来说很重要:

blah = 1
blah_name = [ k for k,v in locals().iteritems() if v is blah][0]

Python 3 +

blah = 1
blah_name = [ k for k,v in locals().items() if v is blah][0]

我认为我的问题将有助于说明为什么这个问题是有用的，它可能会让你更深入地了解如何回答这个问题。我写了一个小函数来对代码中的各种变量进行快速内联头部检查。基本上，它列出了变量名、数据类型、大小和其他属性，因此我可以快速捕捉到我所犯的任何错误。代码很简单:

def details(val):
  vn = val.__name__                 #  If such a thing existed
  vs = str(val)
  print("The Value of "+ str(vn) + " is " + vs)
  print("The data type of " + vn + " is " + str(type(val)))

所以如果你有一些复杂的字典/列表/元组的情况，让解释器返回你分配的变量名会很有帮助。例如，这里有一个奇怪的字典:

m = 'abracadabra'
mm=[]    
for n in m:
  mm.append(n)
mydic = {'first':(0,1,2,3,4,5,6),'second':mm,'third':np.arange(0.,10)}



details(mydic)

The Value of mydic is {'second': ['a', 'b', 'r', 'a', 'c', 'a', 'd', 'a', 'b', 'r', 'a'], 'third': array([ 0.,  1.,  2.,  3.,  4.,  5.,  6.,  7.,  8.,  9.]), 'first': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]}
The data type of mydic is <type 'dict'>

details(mydic['first'])
The Value of mydic['first'] is (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)]
The data type of mydic['first'] is <type 'list'>

details(mydic.keys())
The Value of mydic.keys() is ['second', 'third', 'first']
The data type of mydic.keys() is <type 'tuple'>

details(mydic['second'][0])
The Value of mydic['second'][0] is a
The data type of mydic['second'][0] is <type 'str'>

我不确定我是否把它放在正确的地方，但我想它可能有帮助。我希望如此。