以防有人正在寻找一个更新的答案(在2022年)，我发现以下将适用于Kafka 3.3.1版本。这将改变“your-topic”的配置，使消息保留1000毫秒。在清除消息之后，可以将其设置为不同的值。

bin/kafka-configs.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --entity-type topics --entity-name your-topic  --alter --add-config retention.ms=1000

最简单的方法是将各个日志文件的日期设置为比保留期更早的日期。然后经纪人会在几秒钟内为你清理并移除它们。这有几个优点:

不需要关闭代理，这是一个运行时操作。 避免出现无效偏移异常的可能性(下文将详细介绍)。

In my experience with Kafka 0.7.x, removing the log files and restarting the broker could lead to invalid offset exceptions for certain consumers. This would happen because the broker restarts the offsets at zero (in the absence of any existing log files), and a consumer that was previously consuming from the topic would reconnect to request a specific [once valid] offset. If this offset happens to fall outside the bounds of the new topic logs, then no harm and the consumer resumes at either the beginning or the end. But, if the offset falls within the bounds of the new topic logs, the broker attempts to fetch the message set but fails because the offset doesn't align to an actual message.

还可以通过清除zookeeper中针对该主题的消费者偏移量来缓解这一问题。但如果你不需要一个处女主题，只是想删除现有的内容，那么简单地“触摸”一些主题日志要比停止代理、删除主题日志和清除某些zookeeper节点容易得多，也更可靠。

从Java，使用新的AdminZkClient代替已弃用的AdminUtils:

  public void reset() {
    try (KafkaZkClient zkClient = KafkaZkClient.apply("localhost:2181", false, 200_000,
        5000, 10, Time.SYSTEM, "metricGroup", "metricType")) {

      for (Map.Entry<String, List<PartitionInfo>> entry : listTopics().entrySet()) {
        deleteTopic(entry.getKey(), zkClient);
      }
    }
  }

  private void deleteTopic(String topic, KafkaZkClient zkClient) {

    // skip Kafka internal topic
    if (topic.startsWith("__")) {
      return;
    }

    System.out.println("Resetting Topic: " + topic);
    AdminZkClient adminZkClient = new AdminZkClient(zkClient);
    adminZkClient.deleteTopic(topic);

    // deletions are not instantaneous
    boolean success = false;
    int maxMs = 5_000;
    while (maxMs > 0 && !success) {
      try {
        maxMs -= 100;
        adminZkClient.createTopic(topic, 1, 1, new Properties(), null);
        success = true;
      } catch (TopicExistsException ignored) {
      }
    }

    if (!success) {
      Assert.fail("failed to create " + topic);
    }
  }

  private Map<String, List<PartitionInfo>> listTopics() {
    Properties props = new Properties();
    props.put("bootstrap.servers", kafkaContainer.getBootstrapServers());
    props.put("group.id", "test-container-consumer-group");
    props.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
    props.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");

    KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
    Map<String, List<PartitionInfo>> topics = consumer.listTopics();
    consumer.close();

    return topics;
  }

来自kafka 1.1

清除一个主题

bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --alter --entity-type topics --entity-name tp_binance_kline --add-config retention.ms=100

等待至少1分钟，以确保卡夫卡清除主题 删除配置，然后转到默认值

bin/kafka-configs.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --alter --entity-type topics --entity-name tp_binance_kline --delete-config retention.ms

您必须在配置中启用此功能

echo "delete.topic.enable=true" >> /opt/kafka/config/server.properties 
sudo systemctl stop kafka 
sudo systemctl start kafka 

清除主题

/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --delete --topic flows

创建主题

# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --bootstrap-server localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic Test

阅读主题

# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh  localhost:9092 --topic flows --from-beginning

我使用的是Kafka 2.13工具。现在——zookeeper是kafka-topics.sh的不可识别选项。删除主题。

bin/kafka-topics.sh --bootstrap-server [kafka broker]:9092 --delete --topic [topic name]

只是要考虑到，如果你在删除的主题中有很多数据，再次创建相同的主题可能需要一段时间。当你尝试创建相同的主题时，你可能会得到这样的错误:

Topic: Topic “[主题名]”被标记为删除。