要设置子进程中父进程的状态，可以使用回调函数。

const Child = ({handleClick}) => (
    <button on click={() => handleClick('some vale')}>change value</button>
)

const parent = () => {
    const [value, setValue] = useState(null)

    return <Child handleClick={setValue} />
}

在你的结构中，组件1和组件3似乎是兄弟。所以你有三个选择:

1-将状态放入它们的父级(不推荐4层父子级)。

2-同时使用useContext和useRducer(或useState)。

3-使用状态管理器，如redux, mobx…

我找到了以下工作解决方案，将onClick函数参数从子组件传递给带有参数的父组件:

父类:

class Parent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
    super(props)

    // Bind the this context to the handler function
    this.handler = this.handler.bind(this);

    // Set some state
    this.state = {
        messageShown: false
    };
}

// This method will be sent to the child component
handler(param1) {
console.log(param1);
    this.setState({
        messageShown: true
    });
}

// Render the child component and set the action property with the handler as value
render() {
    return <Child action={this.handler} />
}}

子类:

class Child extends React.Component {
render() {
    return (
        <div>
            {/* The button will execute the handler function set by the parent component */}
            <Button onClick={this.props.action.bind(this,param1)} />
        </div>
    )
} }

在React中，数据不能从子节点传递到父节点。数据必须从父节点传递给子节点。在这种情况下，您可以使用内置的Context API或第三方状态管理解决方案，如Redux、Mobx或Apollo GraphQL。然而，如果你的应用程序结构太小，你可以将数据存储在你的父元素中，然后通过prop drilling将其发送给你的子元素。但如果你的项目比较大，就会很混乱。

下面是获得两种绑定数据方式的简短代码片段。

计数器显示来自父进程的值，并从子进程更新

class Parent extends React.Component { constructor(props) { super(props) this.handler = this.handler.bind(this) this.state = { count: 0 } } handler() { this.setState({ count: this.state.count + 1 }) } render() { return <Child handler={this.handler} count={this.state.count} /> } } class Child extends React.Component { render() { return <button onClick={this.props.handler}>Count {this.props.count}</button> } } ReactDOM.render(<Parent />, document.getElementById("root")); <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.6.3/umd/react.production.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.6.3/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script> <div id="root"></div>

我喜欢关于传递函数的答案。这是一个非常方便的技巧。

On the flip side you can also achieve this using pub/sub or using a variant, a dispatcher, as Flux does. The theory is super simple. Have component 5 dispatch a message which component 3 is listening for. Component 3 then updates its state which triggers the re-render. This requires stateful components, which, depending on your viewpoint, may or may not be an anti-pattern. I'm against them personally and would rather that something else is listening for dispatches and changes state from the very top-down (Redux does this, but it adds additional terminology).

import { Dispatcher } from 'flux'
import { Component } from 'React'

const dispatcher = new Dispatcher()

// Component 3
// Some methods, such as constructor, omitted for brevity
class StatefulParent extends Component {
  state = {
    text: 'foo'
  } 

  componentDidMount() {
    dispatcher.register( dispatch => {
      if ( dispatch.type === 'change' ) {
        this.setState({ text: 'bar' })
      }
    }
  }

  render() {
    return <h1>{ this.state.text }</h1>
  }
}

// Click handler
const onClick = event => {
  dispatcher.dispatch({
    type: 'change'
  })
}

// Component 5 in your example
const StatelessChild = props => {
  return <button onClick={ onClick }>Click me</button> 
}

使用Flux的调度程序捆绑非常简单。它只是简单地注册回调，并在任何分派发生时调用它们，传递分派上的内容(在上面的简洁示例中，分派没有有效负载，只有一个消息id)。如果对您更有意义的话，您可以很容易地将其调整为传统的pub/sub(例如，从事件中使用EventEmitter或其他版本)。

这是如何使用新的useState钩子。

方法-将状态改变器函数作为道具传递给子组件，并对该函数做任何你想做的事情:

import React, {useState} from 'react';

const ParentComponent = () => {
  const[state, setState]=useState('');
  
  return(
    <ChildComponent stateChanger={setState} />
  )
}


const ChildComponent = ({stateChanger, ...rest}) => {
  return(
    <button onClick={() => stateChanger('New data')}></button>
  )
}