最简单的解决方案是

let fullName = "First Last"

let components = fullName.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines).compactMap { $0.isEmpty ? nil : $0 }

这将处理不同类型的一行中的多个空格（空格、制表符、换行符等），并且只返回一个两元素数组，您可以更改CharacterSet以包含更多您喜欢的字符，如果您想获得切割符，可以使用正则表达式解码器，这允许您编写正则表达式，该表达式可用于将字符串直接解码到实现解码协议的自己的类/结构中。对于像这样的东西来说，这是过度的，但如果您将其用作更复杂字符串的示例，则可能更有意义。

作为WMios答案的替代方案，您还可以使用componentsSeparatedByCharactersSet，这在分隔符（空格、逗号等）较多的情况下非常方便。

使用您的特定输入：

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ")
var fullName: String = "First Last";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["First", "Last"]

使用多个分隔符：

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ,")
var fullName: String = "Last, First Middle";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["Last", "First", "Middle"]

斯威夫特4

let string = "loremipsum.dolorsant.amet:"

let result = string.components(separatedBy: ".")

print(result[0])
print(result[1])
print(result[2])
print("total: \(result.count)")

输出

loremipsum
dolorsant
amet:
total: 3

非顶部：

对于搜索如何使用子字符串（而不是字符）拆分字符串的人来说，下面是一个有效的解决方案：

// TESTING
let str1 = "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
let a = str1.split(withSubstring: "user") // <-------------- HERE IS A SPLIT
print(a) // ["Hello ", "! What ", "\'s details? Here ", " rounded with space."]

// testing the result
var result = ""
for item in a {
    if !result.isEmpty {
        result += "user"
    }
    result += item
}
print(str1) // "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
print(result) // "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
print(result == str1) // true

/// Extension providing `split` and `substring` methods.
extension String {
    
    /// Split given string with substring into array
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - string: the string
    ///   - substring: the substring to search
    /// - Returns: array of components
    func split(withSubstring substring: String) -> [String] {
        var a = [String]()
        var str = self
        while let range = str.range(of: substring) {
            let i = str.distance(from: str.startIndex, to: range.lowerBound)
            let j = str.distance(from: str.startIndex, to: range.upperBound)
            let left = str.substring(index: 0, length: i)
            let right = str.substring(index: j, length: str.length - j)
            a.append(left)
            str = right
        }
        if !str.isEmpty {
            a.append(str)
        }
        return a
    }
    
    /// the length of the string
    public var length: Int {
        return self.count
    }
    
    /// Get substring, e.g. "ABCDE".substring(index: 2, length: 3) -> "CDE"
    ///
    /// - parameter index:  the start index
    /// - parameter length: the length of the substring
    ///
    /// - returns: the substring
    public func substring(index: Int, length: Int) -> String {
        if self.length <= index {
            return ""
        }
        let leftIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: index)
        if self.length <= index + length {
            return String(self[leftIndex..<self.endIndex])
        }
        let rightIndex = self.index(self.endIndex, offsetBy: -(self.length - index - length))
        return String(self[leftIndex..<rightIndex])
    }

}

Swift的方法是使用全局拆分函数，如下所示：

var fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = split(fullName) {$0 == " "}
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullNameArr.count > 1 ? fullNameArr[1] : nil

使用Swift 2

在Swift 2中，由于引入了内部CharacterView类型，拆分的使用变得有点复杂。这意味着String不再采用SequenceType或CollectionType协议，您必须改为使用.characts属性来访问String实例的CharacterView类型表示。（注意：CharacterView确实采用SequenceType和CollectionType协议）。

let fullName = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{$0 == " "}.map(String.init)
// or simply:
// let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{" "}.map(String.init)

fullNameArr[0] // First
fullNameArr[1] // Last 

这里是我刚刚构建的一个算法，它将通过数组中的任何字符分割字符串，如果有任何希望保留具有分割字符的子字符串，可以将swall参数设置为true。

Xcode 7.3-Swift 2.2：

extension String {

    func splitBy(characters: [Character], swallow: Bool = false) -> [String] {

        var substring = ""
        var array = [String]()
        var index = 0

        for character in self.characters {

            if let lastCharacter = substring.characters.last {

                // swallow same characters
                if lastCharacter == character {

                    substring.append(character)

                } else {

                    var shouldSplit = false

                    // check if we need to split already
                    for splitCharacter in characters {
                        // slit if the last character is from split characters or the current one
                        if character == splitCharacter || lastCharacter == splitCharacter {

                            shouldSplit = true
                            break
                        }
                    }

                    if shouldSplit {

                        array.append(substring)
                        substring = String(character)

                    } else /* swallow characters that do not equal any of the split characters */ {

                        substring.append(character)
                    }
                }
            } else /* should be the first iteration */ {

                substring.append(character)
            }

            index += 1

            // add last substring to the array
            if index == self.characters.count {

                array.append(substring)
            }
        }

        return array.filter {

            if swallow {

                return true

            } else {

                for splitCharacter in characters {

                    if $0.characters.contains(splitCharacter) {

                        return false
                    }
                }
                return true
            }
        }
    }
}

例子：

"test text".splitBy([" "]) // ["test", "text"]
"test++text--".splitBy(["+", "-"], swallow: true) // ["test", "++" "text", "--"]