假设我这里有一个字符串:
var fullName: String = "First Last"
我想在空白处拆分字符串,并将值分配给它们各自的变量
var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]
此外,有时用户可能没有姓氏。
假设我这里有一个字符串:
var fullName: String = "First Last"
我想在空白处拆分字符串,并将值分配给它们各自的变量
var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]
此外,有时用户可能没有姓氏。
当前回答
Swift的方法是使用全局拆分函数,如下所示:
var fullName = "First Last"
var fullNameArr = split(fullName) {$0 == " "}
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullNameArr.count > 1 ? fullNameArr[1] : nil
使用Swift 2
在Swift 2中,由于引入了内部CharacterView类型,拆分的使用变得有点复杂。这意味着String不再采用SequenceType或CollectionType协议,您必须改为使用.characts属性来访问String实例的CharacterView类型表示。(注意:CharacterView确实采用SequenceType和CollectionType协议)。
let fullName = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{$0 == " "}.map(String.init)
// or simply:
// let fullNameArr = fullName.characters.split{" "}.map(String.init)
fullNameArr[0] // First
fullNameArr[1] // Last
其他回答
Swift 4或更高版本
如果您只需要正确设置人名格式,可以使用PersonNameComponentsFormater。
PersonNameComponentsFormater类提供本地化人名组成部分的表示通过PersonNameComponents对象。使用此类创建本地化当向用户显示人名信息时。
// iOS (9.0 and later), macOS (10.11 and later), tvOS (9.0 and later), watchOS (2.0 and later)
let nameFormatter = PersonNameComponentsFormatter()
let name = "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs Jr."
// personNameComponents requires iOS (10.0 and later)
if let nameComps = nameFormatter.personNameComponents(from: name) {
nameComps.namePrefix // Mr.
nameComps.givenName // Steven
nameComps.middleName // Paul
nameComps.familyName // Jobs
nameComps.nameSuffix // Jr.
// It can also be configured to format your names
// Default (same as medium), short, long or abbreviated
nameFormatter.style = .default
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Steven Jobs"
nameFormatter.style = .short
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Steven"
nameFormatter.style = .long
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."
nameFormatter.style = .abbreviated
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // SJ
// It can also be use to return an attributed string using annotatedString method
nameFormatter.style = .long
nameFormatter.annotatedString(from: nameComps) // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."
}
编辑/更新:
Swift 5或更高版本
对于按非字母字符拆分字符串,我们可以使用新的Character属性isLetter:
let fullName = "First Last"
let components = fullName.split{ !$0.isLetter }
print(components) // "["First", "Last"]\n"
只需在fullName上调用componentsSeparatedByString方法
import Foundation
var fullName: String = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String = fullNameArr[1]
Swift 3更新+
import Foundation
let fullName = "First Last"
let fullNameArr = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")
let name = fullNameArr[0]
let surname = fullNameArr[1]
斯威夫特2.2添加了错误处理和大写字符串:
func setFullName(fullName: String) {
var fullNameComponents = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
self.fname = fullNameComponents.count > 0 ? fullNameComponents[0]: ""
self.sname = fullNameComponents.count > 1 ? fullNameComponents[1]: ""
self.fname = self.fname!.capitalizedString
self.sname = self.sname!.capitalizedString
}
Swift Dev.4.0(2017年5月24日)
Swift 4(Beta版)中拆分了一个新功能。
import Foundation
let sayHello = "Hello Swift 4 2017";
let result = sayHello.split(separator: " ")
print(result)
输出:
["Hello", "Swift", "4", "2017"]
访问值:
print(result[0]) // Hello
print(result[1]) // Swift
print(result[2]) // 4
print(result[3]) // 2017
Xcode 8.1/Swift 3.0.1
这是多个分隔符与数组的方式。
import Foundation
let mathString: String = "12-37*2/5"
let numbers = mathString.components(separatedBy: ["-", "*", "/"])
print(numbers)
输出:
["12", "37", "2", "5"]
最简单的方法是使用组件SeparatedBy:
对于Swift 2:
import Foundation
let fullName : String = "First Last";
let fullNameArr : [String] = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
// And then to access the individual words:
var firstName : String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName : String = fullNameArr[1]
对于Swift 3:
import Foundation
let fullName : String = "First Last"
let fullNameArr : [String] = fullName.components(separatedBy: " ")
// And then to access the individual words:
var firstName : String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName : String = fullNameArr[1]