假设我这里有一个字符串:
var fullName: String = "First Last"
我想在空白处拆分字符串,并将值分配给它们各自的变量
var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]
此外,有时用户可能没有姓氏。
假设我这里有一个字符串:
var fullName: String = "First Last"
我想在空白处拆分字符串,并将值分配给它们各自的变量
var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]
此外,有时用户可能没有姓氏。
当前回答
我在寻找loosy拆分,例如PHP的分解,其中空序列包含在结果数组中,这对我很有用:
"First ".split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 1, omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
输出:
["First", ""]
其他回答
这里是我刚刚构建的一个算法,它将通过数组中的任何字符分割字符串,如果有任何希望保留具有分割字符的子字符串,可以将swall参数设置为true。
Xcode 7.3-Swift 2.2:
extension String {
func splitBy(characters: [Character], swallow: Bool = false) -> [String] {
var substring = ""
var array = [String]()
var index = 0
for character in self.characters {
if let lastCharacter = substring.characters.last {
// swallow same characters
if lastCharacter == character {
substring.append(character)
} else {
var shouldSplit = false
// check if we need to split already
for splitCharacter in characters {
// slit if the last character is from split characters or the current one
if character == splitCharacter || lastCharacter == splitCharacter {
shouldSplit = true
break
}
}
if shouldSplit {
array.append(substring)
substring = String(character)
} else /* swallow characters that do not equal any of the split characters */ {
substring.append(character)
}
}
} else /* should be the first iteration */ {
substring.append(character)
}
index += 1
// add last substring to the array
if index == self.characters.count {
array.append(substring)
}
}
return array.filter {
if swallow {
return true
} else {
for splitCharacter in characters {
if $0.characters.contains(splitCharacter) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
}
}
}
例子:
"test text".splitBy([" "]) // ["test", "text"]
"test++text--".splitBy(["+", "-"], swallow: true) // ["test", "++" "text", "--"]
Swift 4使拆分字符变得更加容易,只需为字符串使用新的拆分函数即可。
例子:让s=“嗨,你好”让a=s.split(分隔符:“,”)打印(a)
现在您得到了一个带有“hi”和“hello”的数组。
我还没有找到能够处理3个或更多组件名称并支持较旧iOS版本的解决方案。
struct NameComponentsSplitter {
static func split(fullName: String) -> (String?, String?) {
guard !fullName.isEmpty else {
return (nil, nil)
}
let components = fullName.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
let lastName = components.last
let firstName = components.dropLast().joined(separator: " ")
return (firstName.isEmpty ? nil : firstName, lastName)
}
}
通过测试用例:
func testThatItHandlesTwoComponents() {
let (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Smith")
XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John")
XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")
}
func testThatItHandlesMoreThanTwoComponents() {
var (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Clark Smith")
XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John Clark")
XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")
(firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "John Clark Jr. Smith")
XCTAssertEqual(firstName, "John Clark Jr.")
XCTAssertEqual(lastName, "Smith")
}
func testThatItHandlesEmptyInput() {
let (firstName, lastName) = NameComponentsSplitter.split(fullName: "")
XCTAssertEqual(firstName, nil)
XCTAssertEqual(lastName, nil)
}
最简单的解决方案是
let fullName = "First Last"
let components = fullName.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines).compactMap { $0.isEmpty ? nil : $0 }
这将处理不同类型的一行中的多个空格(空格、制表符、换行符等),并且只返回一个两元素数组,您可以更改CharacterSet以包含更多您喜欢的字符,如果您想获得切割符,可以使用正则表达式解码器,这允许您编写正则表达式,该表达式可用于将字符串直接解码到实现解码协议的自己的类/结构中。对于像这样的东西来说,这是过度的,但如果您将其用作更复杂字符串的示例,则可能更有意义。
let str = "one two"
let strSplit = str.characters.split(" ").map(String.init) // returns ["one", "two"]
Xcode 7.2(7C68)