假设我这里有一个字符串:

var fullName: String = "First Last"

我想在空白处拆分字符串,并将值分配给它们各自的变量

var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ") 

var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]

此外,有时用户可能没有姓氏。


当前回答

大多数这些答案都假设输入包含一个空格,而不是空白,并且只有一个空格。如果你能安全地做出这样的假设,那么(来自bennett的)公认的答案是相当优雅的,也是我在可能的时候会采用的方法。

当我们无法做出这一假设时,一个更稳健的解决方案需要涵盖以下大多数答案没有考虑的情况:

制表符/换行符/空格(空白),包括重复出现的字符前导/尾随空格Apple/Linux(\n)和Windows(\r\n)换行符

为了涵盖这些情况,此解决方案使用正则表达式将所有空格(包括重复出现的字符和Windows换行符)转换为单个空格,然后修剪,然后拆分为单个空格:

斯威夫特3:

let searchInput = "  First \r\n \n \t\t\tMiddle    Last "
let searchTerms = searchInput 
    .replacingOccurrences(
        of: "\\s+",
        with: " ",
        options: .regularExpression
    )
    .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespaces)
    .components(separatedBy: " ")

// searchTerms == ["First", "Middle", "Last"]

其他回答

只有拆分才是正确的答案,这里有两个以上空格的差异。

雨燕5

var temp = "Hello world     ni hao"
let arr  = temp.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
// ["Hello", "world", "", "", "", "", "ni", "hao"]
let arr2 = temp.components(separatedBy: " ")
// ["Hello", "world", "", "", "", "", "ni", "hao"]
let arr3 = temp.split(whereSeparator: {$0 == " "})
// ["Hello", "world", "ni", "hao"]

假设您有一个名为“Hello World”的变量,如果您想将其拆分并存储为两个不同的变量,可以这样使用:

var fullText = "Hello World"
let firstWord = fullText.text?.components(separatedBy: " ").first
let lastWord = fullText.text?.components(separatedBy: " ").last

在Swift 4.2和Xcode 10中

//This is your str
let str = "This is my String" //Here replace with your string

选项1

let items = str.components(separatedBy: " ")//Here replase space with your value and the result is Array.
//Direct single line of code
//let items = "This is my String".components(separatedBy: " ")
let str1 = items[0]
let str2 = items[1]
let str3 = items[2]
let str4 = items[3]
//OutPut
print(items.count)
print(str1)
print(str2)
print(str3)
print(str4)
print(items.first!)
print(items.last!)

选项2

let items = str.split(separator: " ")
let str1 = String(items.first!)
let str2 = String(items.last!)
//Output
print(items.count)
print(items)
print(str1)
print(str2)

选项3

let arr = str.split {$0 == " "}
print(arr)

选项4

let line = "BLANCHE:   I don't want realism. I want magic!"
print(line.split(separator: " "))
// Prints "["BLANCHE:", "I", "don\'t", "want", "realism.", "I", "want", "magic!"]"

通过Apple文档。。。。

let line = "BLANCHE:   I don't want realism. I want magic!"
print(line.split(separator: " "))
// Prints "["BLANCHE:", "I", "don\'t", "want", "realism.", "I", "want", "magic!"]"

print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 1))//This can split your string into 2 parts
// Prints "["BLANCHE:", "  I don\'t want realism. I want magic!"]"

print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 2))//This can split your string into 3 parts

print(line.split(separator: " ", omittingEmptySubsequences: false))//array contains empty strings where spaces were repeated.
// Prints "["BLANCHE:", "", "", "I", "don\'t", "want", "realism.", "I", "want", "magic!"]"

print(line.split(separator: " ", omittingEmptySubsequences: true))//array not contains empty strings where spaces were repeated.
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 4, omittingEmptySubsequences: false))
print(line.split(separator: " ", maxSplits: 3, omittingEmptySubsequences: true))

作为WMios答案的替代方案,您还可以使用componentsSeparatedByCharactersSet,这在分隔符(空格、逗号等)较多的情况下非常方便。

使用您的特定输入:

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ")
var fullName: String = "First Last";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["First", "Last"]

使用多个分隔符:

let separators = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: " ,")
var fullName: String = "Last, First Middle";
var words = fullName.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(separators)

// words contains ["Last", "First", "Middle"]

斯威夫特2.2添加了错误处理和大写字符串:

func setFullName(fullName: String) {
    var fullNameComponents = fullName.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")

    self.fname = fullNameComponents.count > 0 ? fullNameComponents[0]: ""
    self.sname = fullNameComponents.count > 1 ? fullNameComponents[1]: ""

    self.fname = self.fname!.capitalizedString
    self.sname = self.sname!.capitalizedString
}