假设我这里有一个字符串：
var fullName: String = "First Last"
我想在空白处拆分字符串，并将值分配给它们各自的变量
var fullNameArr = // something like: fullName.explode(" ")
var firstName: String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName: String? = fullnameArr[1]
此外，有时用户可能没有姓氏。
当前回答
let fullName : String = "Steve.Jobs"
let fullNameArr : [String] = fullName.components(separatedBy: ".")
var firstName : String = fullNameArr[0]
var lastName : String = fullNameArr[1]
其他回答
在解释Don Vaughn的答案时，我喜欢使用正则表达式。我很惊讶这只是Regex的第二个答案。然而，如果我们能用一个拆分方法而不是多个方法来解决这个问题，那就太好了。
我也受到了米特拉·辛加姆（Mithra Singam）的《答案》（Answer）的启发，排除了所有标点符号和空格。然而，不得不创建一个不允许的角色列表并没有引起我的共鸣。
\w-字母或数字符号的正则表达式。没有标点符号。
let foo = "(..# Hello,,(---- World ".split {
String($0).range(of: #"\w"#, options: .regularExpression) == nil
}
print(foo) // Prints "Hello World"
让我们假设你对Unicode不太满意。ASKII字母和数字怎么样？
let bar = "(..# Hello,,(---- World ".split {
!($0.isASCII && ($0.isLetter || $0.isNumber))
}
print(bar) // Prints "Hello World"
这是用于swift 4.2在20181206 1610的字符串和CSV文件
var dataArray : [[String]] = []
let path = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "csvfilename", ofType: "csv")
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: path!)
do {
let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
let content = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
let parsedCSV = content?.components(separatedBy: "\r\n").map{ $0.components(separatedBy: ";") }
for line in parsedCSV!
{
dataArray.append(line)
}
}
catch let jsonErr {
print("\n Error read CSV file: \n ", jsonErr)
}
print("\n MohNada 20181206 1610 - The final result is \(dataArray) \n ")
非顶部：
对于搜索如何使用子字符串（而不是字符）拆分字符串的人来说，下面是一个有效的解决方案：
// TESTING
let str1 = "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
let a = str1.split(withSubstring: "user") // <-------------- HERE IS A SPLIT
print(a) // ["Hello ", "! What ", "\'s details? Here ", " rounded with space."]
// testing the result
var result = ""
for item in a {
if !result.isEmpty {
result += "user"
}
result += item
}
print(str1) // "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
print(result) // "Hello user! What user's details? Here user rounded with space."
print(result == str1) // true
/// Extension providing `split` and `substring` methods.
extension String {
/// Split given string with substring into array
/// - Parameters:
/// - string: the string
/// - substring: the substring to search
/// - Returns: array of components
func split(withSubstring substring: String) -> [String] {
var a = [String]()
var str = self
while let range = str.range(of: substring) {
let i = str.distance(from: str.startIndex, to: range.lowerBound)
let j = str.distance(from: str.startIndex, to: range.upperBound)
let left = str.substring(index: 0, length: i)
let right = str.substring(index: j, length: str.length - j)
a.append(left)
str = right
}
if !str.isEmpty {
a.append(str)
}
return a
}
/// the length of the string
public var length: Int {
return self.count
}
/// Get substring, e.g. "ABCDE".substring(index: 2, length: 3) -> "CDE"
///
/// - parameter index: the start index
/// - parameter length: the length of the substring
///
/// - returns: the substring
public func substring(index: Int, length: Int) -> String {
if self.length <= index {
return ""
}
let leftIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: index)
if self.length <= index + length {
return String(self[leftIndex..<self.endIndex])
}
let rightIndex = self.index(self.endIndex, offsetBy: -(self.length - index - length))
return String(self[leftIndex..<rightIndex])
}
}
这里是我刚刚构建的一个算法，它将通过数组中的任何字符分割字符串，如果有任何希望保留具有分割字符的子字符串，可以将swall参数设置为true。
Xcode 7.3-Swift 2.2：
extension String {
func splitBy(characters: [Character], swallow: Bool = false) -> [String] {
var substring = ""
var array = [String]()
var index = 0
for character in self.characters {
if let lastCharacter = substring.characters.last {
// swallow same characters
if lastCharacter == character {
substring.append(character)
} else {
var shouldSplit = false
// check if we need to split already
for splitCharacter in characters {
// slit if the last character is from split characters or the current one
if character == splitCharacter || lastCharacter == splitCharacter {
shouldSplit = true
break
}
}
if shouldSplit {
array.append(substring)
substring = String(character)
} else /* swallow characters that do not equal any of the split characters */ {
substring.append(character)
}
}
} else /* should be the first iteration */ {
substring.append(character)
}
index += 1
// add last substring to the array
if index == self.characters.count {
array.append(substring)
}
}
return array.filter {
if swallow {
return true
} else {
for splitCharacter in characters {
if $0.characters.contains(splitCharacter) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
}
}
}
例子：
"test text".splitBy([" "]) // ["test", "text"]
"test++text--".splitBy(["+", "-"], swallow: true) // ["test", "++" "text", "--"]
Swift 4或更高版本
如果您只需要正确设置人名格式，可以使用PersonNameComponentsFormater。
PersonNameComponentsFormater类提供本地化人名组成部分的表示通过PersonNameComponents对象。使用此类创建本地化当向用户显示人名信息时。
// iOS (9.0 and later), macOS (10.11 and later), tvOS (9.0 and later), watchOS (2.0 and later)
let nameFormatter = PersonNameComponentsFormatter()
let name = "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs Jr."
// personNameComponents requires iOS (10.0 and later)
if let nameComps = nameFormatter.personNameComponents(from: name) {
nameComps.namePrefix // Mr.
nameComps.givenName // Steven
nameComps.middleName // Paul
nameComps.familyName // Jobs
nameComps.nameSuffix // Jr.
// It can also be configured to format your names
// Default (same as medium), short, long or abbreviated
nameFormatter.style = .default
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Steven Jobs"
nameFormatter.style = .short
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Steven"
nameFormatter.style = .long
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."
nameFormatter.style = .abbreviated
nameFormatter.string(from: nameComps) // SJ
// It can also be use to return an attributed string using annotatedString method
nameFormatter.style = .long
nameFormatter.annotatedString(from: nameComps) // "Mr. Steven Paul Jobs jr."
}
编辑/更新：
Swift 5或更高版本
对于按非字母字符拆分字符串，我们可以使用新的Character属性isLetter：
let fullName = "First Last"
let components = fullName.split{ !$0.isLetter }
print(components) // "["First", "Last"]\n"
