Bash脚本获取自身完整路径的可靠方法

我有一个Bash脚本，需要知道它的完整路径。我试图找到一种广泛兼容的方式来做到这一点，而不会以相对或时髦的路径结束。我只需要支持Bash，不支持sh, csh等。

到目前为止，我发现:

The accepted answer to Getting the source directory of a Bash script from within addresses getting the path of the script via dirname $0, which is fine, but that may return a relative path (like .), which is a problem if you want to change directories in the script and have the path still point to the script's directory. Still, dirname will be part of the puzzle. The accepted answer to Bash script absolute path with OS X (OS X specific, but the answer works regardless) gives a function that will test to see if $0 looks relative and if so will pre-pend $PWD to it. But the result can still have relative bits in it (although overall it's absolute) — for instance, if the script is t in the directory /usr/bin and you're in /usr and you type bin/../bin/t to run it (yes, that's convoluted), you end up with /usr/bin/../bin as the script's directory path. Which works, but... The readlink solution on this page, which looks like this: # Absolute path to this script. /home/user/bin/foo.sh SCRIPT=$(readlink -f $0) # Absolute path this script is in. /home/user/bin SCRIPTPATH=`dirname $SCRIPT` But readlink isn't POSIX and apparently the solution relies on GNU's readlink where BSD's won't work for some reason (I don't have access to a BSD-like system to check).

有很多种方法，但都有注意事项。

还有什么更好的办法呢?“更好”的意思是:

Gives me the absolute path. Takes out funky bits even when invoked in a convoluted way (see comment on #2 above). (E.g., at least moderately canonicalizes the path.) Relies only on Bash-isms or things that are almost certain to be on most popular flavors of *nix systems (GNU/Linux, BSD and BSD-like systems like OS X, etc.). Avoids calling external programs if possible (e.g., prefers Bash built-ins). (Updated, thanks for the heads up, wich) It doesn't have to resolve symlinks (in fact, I'd kind of prefer it left them alone, but that's not a requirement).

当前回答

获取shell脚本的绝对路径

它没有在readlink中使用-f选项，因此它应该在BSD/Mac OS X上工作。

支持

source ./script(当被。点运算符) 绝对路径/path/to/script 相对路径，比如。/script /道路/ dir1 / . . / dir2 / dir3 / . . /脚本当从symlink调用时当符号链接嵌套eg) foo->dir1/dir2/bar bar->./../能源部doe - >脚本当调用者更改脚本名称时

我正在寻找这段代码不能工作的极端情况。请让我知道。

Code

pushd . > /dev/null
SCRIPT_PATH="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}";
while([ -h "${SCRIPT_PATH}" ]); do
    cd "`dirname "${SCRIPT_PATH}"`"
    SCRIPT_PATH="$(readlink "`basename "${SCRIPT_PATH}"`")";
done
cd "`dirname "${SCRIPT_PATH}"`" > /dev/null
SCRIPT_PATH="`pwd`";
popd  > /dev/null
echo "srcipt=[${SCRIPT_PATH}]"
echo "pwd   =[`pwd`]"

已知的政务

脚本必须在磁盘的某个地方。让它通过网络。如果您试图从PIPE运行这个脚本，它将无法工作

wget -o /dev/null -O - http://host.domain/dir/script.sh |bash

从技术上讲，它是没有定义的。实际上，没有明智的方法来检测这一点。(协进程不能访问父进程的环境。)

2012-08-30 13:04:00

其他回答

还有另一种方法:

shopt -s extglob

selfpath=$0
selfdir=${selfpath%%+([!/])}

while [[ -L "$selfpath" ]];do
  selfpath=$(readlink "$selfpath")
  if [[ ! "$selfpath" =~ ^/ ]];then
    selfpath=${selfdir}${selfpath}
  fi
  selfdir=${selfpath%%+([!/])}
done

echo $selfpath $selfdir

2014-12-19 14:02:50

如果我们使用Bash，我相信这是最方便的方式，因为它不需要调用任何外部命令:

THIS_PATH="${BASH_SOURCE[0]}";
THIS_DIR=$(dirname $THIS_PATH)

2014-04-18 20:05:31

Use:

SCRIPT_PATH=$(dirname `which $0`)

它将可执行文件的完整路径打印到标准输出，该路径是在shell提示符下输入传入参数时执行的($0包含该参数)

Dirname从文件名中去掉非目录后缀。

因此，无论是否指定了路径，您最终都会得到脚本的完整路径。

2013-09-09 19:01:33

我已经成功地使用了下面的方法一段时间(不是在OS X上)，它只使用一个内置的shell，并处理'source foobar.sh'的情况，就我所见。

下面的示例代码的一个问题是，函数使用$PWD，在函数调用时，$PWD可能正确，也可能不正确。所以这需要处理。

#!/bin/bash

function canonical_path() {
  # Handle relative vs absolute path
  [ ${1:0:1} == '/' ] && x=$1 || x=$PWD/$1
  # Change to dirname of x
  cd ${x%/*}
  # Combine new pwd with basename of x
  echo $(pwd -P)/${x##*/}
  cd $OLDPWD
}

echo $(canonical_path "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")

type [
type cd
type echo
type pwd

2014-04-18 21:38:57

易于阅读?下面是一个替代方案。它忽略了符号链接

#!/bin/bash
currentDir=$(
  cd $(dirname "$0")
  pwd
)

echo -n "current "
pwd
echo script $currentDir

自从几年前我发布了上面的答案，我已经发展了我的实践，使用这个linux特定的范例，它正确地处理符号链接:

ORIGIN=$(dirname $(readlink -f $0))

2016-05-12 18:43:39

Bash脚本获取自身完整路径的可靠方法

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