也许这个指南可以帮助你。

通常我更喜欢用指示器制作自定义alertdialog。它解决了诸如自定义App视图等问题。

您可以简单地为progressbar设计一个xml接口，并将其作为一个视图传递给AlertDialog，然后在任何您需要的时候显示或关闭该对话框。

progress.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:padding="13dp"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/loader"
        android:layout_marginEnd="5dp"
        android:layout_width="45dp"
        android:layout_height="45dp" />
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:text="Loading..."
        android:textAppearance="?android:textAppearanceSmall"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:id="@+id/loading_msg"
        android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/loader"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

显示进度对话框的代码代码。只需复制这段代码并粘贴它的片段。

Dialog dialog;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);


        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
        builder.setView(R.layout.progress);
        // This should be called once in your Fragment's onViewCreated() or in Activity onCreate() method to avoid dialog duplicates.
        dialog = builder.create();
    }
    
//   This method is used to control the progress dialog.
      private void setDialog(boolean show){
               if (show)dialog.show();
                    else dialog.dismiss();
           }

然后只要在你想要显示progressdialog时调用这个方法，并将true作为参数来显示它，或将false作为参数来取消对话框。

你可以使用AlertDialog作为ProgressDialog，参考下面的ProgressDialog代码。无论何时显示进度对话框，都需要调用此函数。

代码:

    public void setProgressDialog() {

    int llPadding = 30;
    LinearLayout ll = new LinearLayout(this);
    ll.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
    ll.setPadding(llPadding, llPadding, llPadding, llPadding);
    ll.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams llParam = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    llParam.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
    ll.setLayoutParams(llParam);

    ProgressBar progressBar = new ProgressBar(this);
    progressBar.setIndeterminate(true);
    progressBar.setPadding(0, 0, llPadding, 0);
    progressBar.setLayoutParams(llParam);

    llParam = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    llParam.gravity = Gravity.CENTER;
    TextView tvText = new TextView(this);
    tvText.setText("Loading ...");
    tvText.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#000000"));
    tvText.setTextSize(20);
    tvText.setLayoutParams(llParam);

    ll.addView(progressBar);
    ll.addView(tvText);

    AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
    builder.setCancelable(true);
    builder.setView(ll);

    AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
    dialog.show();
    Window window = dialog.getWindow();
    if (window != null) {
        WindowManager.LayoutParams layoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
        layoutParams.copyFrom(dialog.getWindow().getAttributes());
        layoutParams.width = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
        layoutParams.height = LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
        dialog.getWindow().setAttributes(layoutParams);
    }
}

输出:

你可以使用wasabeef库来使用SpotDialog，你可以从下面的链接找到完整的教程:

Android中的SpotsDialog示例

Kotlin和androidx DialogFragment的另一个解决方案

通过使用DialogFragment，你不必每次都在需要显示对话框的每个屏幕上调整窗口的大小，我认为这是一个更干净的解决方案

创建对话框类

class BaseProgressDialog : DialogFragment() {

    companion object {
        const val DIALOG_TAG = "BaseProgressDialogFragment"
    }

    override fun onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState: Bundle?): Dialog {
        return activity?.let {
            val builder = AlertDialog.Builder(it, R.style.MainAlertDialog)
            val inflater = requireActivity().layoutInflater
            val dialogView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.progress_dialog, null)

            builder.setView(dialogView)
            builder.create()
        } ?: throw IllegalStateException("Activity cannot be null")
    }

    override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? {
        dialog?.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(false)
        dialog?.setCancelable(false)
        return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState)
    }

    override fun onResume() {
        super.onResume()
        val size = resources.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.size_80dp)
        dialog?.window?.setLayout(size, size)
    }
}

在styles.xml中创建样式

<style name="MainAlertDialog" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.Dialog.Alert">
    <item name="android:windowBackground">@drawable/bg_alert_dialog</item>
</style>

为对话框bg_alert_dialog.xml创建背景

<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <solid android:color="?attr/colorSecondary"/>
    <corners android:radius="@dimen/radius_10dp" />
</shape>

为对话框progress_dialog.xml创建布局

    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/bg_alert_dialog"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:padding="@dimen/padding_16dp">

    <com.google.android.material.progressindicator.CircularProgressIndicator
        android:layout_width="@dimen/size_40dp"
        android:layout_height="@dimen/size_40dp"
        android:indeterminate="true"
        app:indicatorColor="?attr/colorPrimary" />

</LinearLayout>

调用片段中的对话框

private var progressDialog = BaseProgressDialog()
activity?.let {
   progressDialog.show(it.supportFragmentManager, BaseProgressDialog.DIALOG_TAG)
}

这是它看起来的样子:

下面是@Han建议的ProgressDialog类的kotlin版本

class ProgressDialog(context: Context) : Dialog(context) {
init {
    val view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.progress_dialog, null)
    setContentView(view)
    setCancelable(false)
    window?.setBackgroundDrawable(
        ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT)
    )
}

}