如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
当前回答
这种方式没有为我工作,因为我试图保持阿拉伯字母,我试图取代正则表达式,但它也不起作用。我写了另一个方法工作在ASCII级别,因为这是我唯一的选择,它工作。
Create function [dbo].[RemoveNonAlphaCharacters] (@s varchar(4000)) returns varchar(4000)
with schemabinding
begin
if @s is null
return null
declare @s2 varchar(4000)
set @s2 = ''
declare @l int
set @l = len(@s)
declare @p int
set @p = 1
while @p <= @l begin
declare @c int
set @c = ascii(substring(@s, @p, 1))
if @c between 48 and 57 or @c between 65 and 90 or @c between 97 and 122 or @c between 165 and 253 or @c between 32 and 33
set @s2 = @s2 + char(@c)
set @p = @p + 1
end
if len(@s2) = 0
return null
return @s2
end
GO
其他回答
这是另一个递归CTE解决方案,基于@Gerhard Weiss的回答。您应该能够将整个代码块复制并粘贴到SSMS中,并在那里使用它。结果包括一些额外的列,以帮助我们理解发生了什么。我花了一段时间才理解了PATINDEX (RegEx)和递归CTE的全部原理。
DECLARE @DefineBadCharPattern varchar(30)
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^A-z]%' --Means anything NOT between A and z characters (according to ascii char value) is "bad"
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^a-z0-9]%' --Means anything NOT between a and z characters or numbers 0 through 9 (according to ascii char value) are "bad"
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^ -~]%' --Means anything NOT between space and ~ characters (all non-printable characters) is "bad"
--Change @ReplaceBadCharWith to '' to strip "bad" characters from string
--Change to some character if you want to 'see' what's being replaced. NOTE: It must be allowed accoring to @DefineBadCharPattern above
DECLARE @ReplaceBadCharWith varchar(1) = '#' --Change this to whatever you want to replace non-printable chars with
IF patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, @ReplaceBadCharWith) > 0
BEGIN
RAISERROR('@ReplaceBadCharWith value (%s) must be a character allowed by PATINDEX pattern of %s',16,1,@ReplaceBadCharWith, @DefineBadCharPattern)
RETURN
END
--A table of values to play with:
DECLARE @temp TABLE (OriginalString varchar(100))
INSERT @temp SELECT ' 1hello' + char(13) + char(10) + 'there' + char(30) + char(9) + char(13) + char(10)
INSERT @temp SELECT '2hello' + char(30) + 'there' + char(30)
INSERT @temp SELECT ' 3hello there'
INSERT @temp SELECT ' tab' + char(9) + ' character'
INSERT @temp SELECT 'good bye'
--Let the magic begin:
;WITH recurse AS (
select
OriginalString,
OriginalString as CleanString,
patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString) as [Position],
substring(OriginalString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString),1) as [InvalidCharacter],
ascii(substring(OriginalString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString),1)) as [ASCIICode]
from @temp
UNION ALL
select
OriginalString,
CONVERT(varchar(100),REPLACE(CleanString,InvalidCharacter,@ReplaceBadCharWith)),
patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) as [Position],
substring(CleanString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString),1),
ascii(substring(CleanString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString),1))
from recurse
where patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) > 0
)
SELECT * FROM recurse
--optionally comment out this last WHERE clause to see more of what the recursion is doing:
WHERE patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) = 0
使用CTE生成的数字表来检查每个字符,然后FOR XML连接到一个保留值的字符串,您可以…
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[PatRemove](
@pattern varchar(50),
@expression varchar(8000)
)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
WITH
d(d) AS (SELECT d FROM (VALUES (0),(1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9)) digits(d)),
nums(n) AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM d d1, d d2, d d3, d d4),
chars(c) AS (SELECT SUBSTRING(@expression, n, 1) FROM nums WHERE n <= LEN(@expression))
SELECT
@expression = (SELECT c AS [text()] FROM chars WHERE c NOT LIKE @pattern FOR XML PATH(''));
RETURN @expression;
END
看过所有给出的解决方案后,我认为必须有一个纯SQL方法,它不需要函数或CTE / XML查询,并且不涉及难以维护的嵌套REPLACE语句。以下是我的解决方案:
SELECT
x
,CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 1, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 1, 1) END
+ CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 2, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 2, 1) END
+ CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 3, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 3, 1) END
+ CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 4, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 4, 1) END
+ CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 5, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 5, 1) END
+ CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, 6, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, 6, 1) END
-- Keep adding rows until you reach the column size
AS stripped_column
FROM (SELECT
column_to_strip AS x
,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ' AS a
FROM my_table) a
这样做的好处是,有效字符包含在子查询中的一个字符串中,便于为不同的字符集重新配置。
缺点是您必须为每个字符添加一行SQL,直到您的列的大小。为了让这个任务更容易,我只是使用了下面的Powershell脚本,这个例子如果是VARCHAR(64):
1..64 | % {
" + CASE WHEN a NOT LIKE '%' + SUBSTRING(x, {0}, 1) + '%' THEN '' ELSE SUBSTRING(x, {0}, 1) END" -f $_
} | clip.exe
虽然这篇文章有点老了,但我想说以下几点。 我有上述解决方案的问题是,它没有过滤出字符,如ç, ë, ï等。我调整了一个函数如下(我只使用80 varchar字符串来节省内存):
create FUNCTION dbo.udf_Cleanchars (@InputString varchar(80))
RETURNS varchar(80)
AS
BEGIN
declare @return varchar(80) , @length int , @counter int , @cur_char char(1)
SET @return = ''
SET @length = 0
SET @counter = 1
SET @length = LEN(@InputString)
IF @length > 0
BEGIN WHILE @counter <= @length
BEGIN SET @cur_char = SUBSTRING(@InputString, @counter, 1) IF ((ascii(@cur_char) in (32,44,46)) or (ascii(@cur_char) between 48 and 57) or (ascii(@cur_char) between 65 and 90) or (ascii(@cur_char) between 97 and 122))
BEGIN SET @return = @return + @cur_char END
SET @counter = @counter + 1
END END
RETURN @return END
DECLARE @vchVAlue NVARCHAR(255) = 'SWP, Lettering Position 1: 4 Ω, 2: 8 Ω, 3: 16 Ω, 4: , 5: , 6: , Voltage Selector, Solder, 6, Step switch, : w/o fuseholder '
WHILE PATINDEX('%?%' , CAST(@vchVAlue AS VARCHAR(255))) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT @vchVAlue = STUFF(@vchVAlue,PATINDEX('%?%' , CAST(@vchVAlue AS VARCHAR(255))),1,' ')
END
SELECT @vchVAlue