如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
当前回答
这种方式没有为我工作，因为我试图保持阿拉伯字母，我试图取代正则表达式，但它也不起作用。我写了另一个方法工作在ASCII级别，因为这是我唯一的选择，它工作。
Create function [dbo].[RemoveNonAlphaCharacters] (@s varchar(4000)) returns varchar(4000)
with schemabinding
begin
if @s is null
return null
declare @s2 varchar(4000)
set @s2 = ''
declare @l int
set @l = len(@s)
declare @p int
set @p = 1
while @p <= @l begin
declare @c int
set @c = ascii(substring(@s, @p, 1))
if @c between 48 and 57 or @c between 65 and 90 or @c between 97 and 122 or @c between 165 and 253 or @c between 32 and 33
set @s2 = @s2 + char(@c)
set @p = @p + 1
end
if len(@s2) = 0
return null
return @s2
end
GO
其他回答
下面是使用iTVF删除非字母字符的另一种方法。首先，需要一个基于模式的字符串分配器。以下是Dwain Camp文章中的一段:
-- PatternSplitCM will split a string based on a pattern of the form
-- supported by LIKE and PATINDEX
--
-- Created by: Chris Morris 12-Oct-2012
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[PatternSplitCM]
(
@List VARCHAR(8000) = NULL
,@Pattern VARCHAR(50)
) RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
RETURN
WITH numbers AS (
SELECT TOP(ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@List), 0))
n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
FROM
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) d (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) e (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) f (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) g (n)
)
SELECT
ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY MIN(n)),
Item = SUBSTRING(@List,MIN(n),1+MAX(n)-MIN(n)),
[Matched]
FROM (
SELECT n, y.[Matched], Grouper = n - ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY y.[Matched],n)
FROM numbers
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT [Matched] = CASE WHEN SUBSTRING(@List,n,1) LIKE @Pattern THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
) y
) d
GROUP BY [Matched], Grouper
现在你有了一个基于模式的拆分器，你需要拆分匹配模式的字符串:
[a-z]
然后将它们连接起来以得到想要的结果:
SELECT *
FROM tbl t
CROSS APPLY(
SELECT Item + ''
FROM dbo.PatternSplitCM(t.str, '[a-z]')
WHERE Matched = 1
ORDER BY ItemNumber
FOR XML PATH('')
) x (a)
样本
结果:
| Id | str | a |
|----|------------------|----------------|
| 1 | test“te d'abc | testtedabc |
| 2 | anr¤a | anra |
| 3 | gs-re-C“te d'ab | gsreCtedab |
| 4 | M‚fe, DF | MfeDF |
| 5 | R™temd | Rtemd |
| 6 | ™jad”ji | jadji |
| 7 | Cje y ret¢n | Cjeyretn |
| 8 | J™kl™balu | Jklbalu |
| 9 | le“ne-iokd | leneiokd |
| 10 | liode-Pyr‚n‚ie | liodePyrnie |
| 11 | V„s G”ta | VsGta |
| 12 | Sƒo Paulo | SoPaulo |
| 13 | vAstra gAtaland | vAstragAtaland |
| 14 | ¥uble / Bio-Bio | ubleBioBio |
| 15 | U“pl™n/ds VAsb-y | UplndsVAsby |
信不信由你，在我的系统中，这个丑陋的函数比G masters的优雅函数表现得更好。
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.RemoveSpecialChar (@s VARCHAR(256))
RETURNS VARCHAR(256)
WITH SCHEMABINDING
BEGIN
IF @s IS NULL
RETURN NULL
DECLARE @s2 VARCHAR(256) = '',
@l INT = LEN(@s),
@p INT = 1
WHILE @p <= @l
BEGIN
DECLARE @c INT
SET @c = ASCII(SUBSTRING(@s, @p, 1))
IF @c BETWEEN 48 AND 57
OR @c BETWEEN 65 AND 90
OR @c BETWEEN 97 AND 122
SET @s2 = @s2 + CHAR(@c)
SET @p = @p + 1
END
IF LEN(@s2) = 0
RETURN NULL
RETURN @s2
我知道SQL不擅长字符串操作，但我没想到它会这么难。下面是一个简单的函数，用于从字符串中剥离所有数字。当然还有更好的办法，但这只是个开始。
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.AlphaOnly (
@String varchar(100)
)
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS BEGIN
RETURN (
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
REPLACE(
@String,
'9', ''),
'8', ''),
'7', ''),
'6', ''),
'5', ''),
'4', ''),
'3', ''),
'2', ''),
'1', ''),
'0', '')
)
END
GO
-- ==================
DECLARE @t TABLE (
ColID int,
ColString varchar(50)
)
INSERT INTO @t VALUES (1, 'abc1234567890')
SELECT ColID, ColString, dbo.AlphaOnly(ColString)
FROM @t
输出
ColID ColString
----- ------------- ---
1 abc1234567890 abc
第2轮-数据驱动黑名单
-- ============================================
-- Create a table of blacklist characters
-- ============================================
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('dbo.CharacterBlacklist'))
DROP TABLE dbo.CharacterBlacklist
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.CharacterBlacklist (
CharID int IDENTITY,
DisallowedCharacter nchar(1) NOT NULL
)
GO
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'0')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'1')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'2')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'3')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'4')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'5')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'6')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'7')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'8')
INSERT INTO dbo.CharacterBlacklist (DisallowedCharacter) VALUES (N'9')
GO
-- ====================================
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters'))
DROP FUNCTION dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters
GO
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters (
@String nvarchar(100)
)
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS BEGIN
DECLARE @blacklistCt int
DECLARE @ct int
DECLARE @c nchar(1)
SELECT @blacklistCt = COUNT(*) FROM dbo.CharacterBlacklist
SET @ct = 0
WHILE @ct < @blacklistCt BEGIN
SET @ct = @ct + 1
SELECT @String = REPLACE(@String, DisallowedCharacter, N'')
FROM dbo.CharacterBlacklist
WHERE CharID = @ct
END
RETURN (@String)
END
GO
-- ====================================
DECLARE @s nvarchar(24)
SET @s = N'abc1234def5678ghi90jkl'
SELECT
@s AS OriginalString,
dbo.StripBlacklistCharacters(@s) AS ResultString
输出
OriginalString ResultString
------------------------ ------------
abc1234def5678ghi90jkl abcdefghijkl
我对读者的挑战是:你能让这个过程更有效率吗?那么使用递归呢?
我把它放在调用PatIndex的两个地方。
PatIndex('%[^A-Za-z0-9]%', @Temp)
为上面的自定义函数RemoveNonAlphaCharacters并重命名为RemoveNonAlphaNumericCharacters
我刚在Oracle 10g中找到了这个，如果你用的就是它的话。为了进行电话号码比较，我必须去掉所有的特殊字符。
regexp_replace(c.phone, '[^0-9]', '')
