如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
如何从字符串中删除所有非字母的字符?
非字母数字呢?
这必须是一个自定义函数还是也有更通用的解决方案?
当前回答
DECLARE @vchVAlue NVARCHAR(255) = 'SWP, Lettering Position 1: 4 Ω, 2: 8 Ω, 3: 16 Ω, 4: , 5: , 6: , Voltage Selector, Solder, 6, Step switch, : w/o fuseholder '
WHILE PATINDEX('%?%' , CAST(@vchVAlue AS VARCHAR(255))) > 0
BEGIN
SELECT @vchVAlue = STUFF(@vchVAlue,PATINDEX('%?%' , CAST(@vchVAlue AS VARCHAR(255))),1,' ')
END
SELECT @vchVAlue
其他回答
下面是使用iTVF删除非字母字符的另一种方法。首先,需要一个基于模式的字符串分配器。以下是Dwain Camp文章中的一段:
-- PatternSplitCM will split a string based on a pattern of the form
-- supported by LIKE and PATINDEX
--
-- Created by: Chris Morris 12-Oct-2012
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[PatternSplitCM]
(
@List VARCHAR(8000) = NULL
,@Pattern VARCHAR(50)
) RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
RETURN
WITH numbers AS (
SELECT TOP(ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@List), 0))
n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL))
FROM
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) d (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) e (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) f (n),
(VALUES (0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0),(0)) g (n)
)
SELECT
ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY MIN(n)),
Item = SUBSTRING(@List,MIN(n),1+MAX(n)-MIN(n)),
[Matched]
FROM (
SELECT n, y.[Matched], Grouper = n - ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY y.[Matched],n)
FROM numbers
CROSS APPLY (
SELECT [Matched] = CASE WHEN SUBSTRING(@List,n,1) LIKE @Pattern THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
) y
) d
GROUP BY [Matched], Grouper
现在你有了一个基于模式的拆分器,你需要拆分匹配模式的字符串:
[a-z]
然后将它们连接起来以得到想要的结果:
SELECT *
FROM tbl t
CROSS APPLY(
SELECT Item + ''
FROM dbo.PatternSplitCM(t.str, '[a-z]')
WHERE Matched = 1
ORDER BY ItemNumber
FOR XML PATH('')
) x (a)
样本
结果:
| Id | str | a |
|----|------------------|----------------|
| 1 | test“te d'abc | testtedabc |
| 2 | anr¤a | anra |
| 3 | gs-re-C“te d'ab | gsreCtedab |
| 4 | M‚fe, DF | MfeDF |
| 5 | R™temd | Rtemd |
| 6 | ™jad”ji | jadji |
| 7 | Cje y ret¢n | Cjeyretn |
| 8 | J™kl™balu | Jklbalu |
| 9 | le“ne-iokd | leneiokd |
| 10 | liode-Pyr‚n‚ie | liodePyrnie |
| 11 | V„s G”ta | VsGta |
| 12 | Sƒo Paulo | SoPaulo |
| 13 | vAstra gAtaland | vAstragAtaland |
| 14 | ¥uble / Bio-Bio | ubleBioBio |
| 15 | U“pl™n/ds VAsb-y | UplndsVAsby |
信不信由你,在我的系统中,这个丑陋的函数比G masters的优雅函数表现得更好。
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.RemoveSpecialChar (@s VARCHAR(256))
RETURNS VARCHAR(256)
WITH SCHEMABINDING
BEGIN
IF @s IS NULL
RETURN NULL
DECLARE @s2 VARCHAR(256) = '',
@l INT = LEN(@s),
@p INT = 1
WHILE @p <= @l
BEGIN
DECLARE @c INT
SET @c = ASCII(SUBSTRING(@s, @p, 1))
IF @c BETWEEN 48 AND 57
OR @c BETWEEN 65 AND 90
OR @c BETWEEN 97 AND 122
SET @s2 = @s2 + CHAR(@c)
SET @p = @p + 1
END
IF LEN(@s2) = 0
RETURN NULL
RETURN @s2
SQL Server >= 2017…
declare @text varchar(max)
-- create some sample text
select
@text=
'
Lorem @ipsum *&dolor-= sit?! amet, {consectetur } adipiscing\ elit. Vivamus commodo justo metus, sed facilisis ante
congue eget. Proin ac bibendum sem/.
'
-- the characters to be removed
declare @unwanted varchar(max)='''.,!?/<>"[]{}|`~@#$%^&*()-+=/\:;'+char(13)+char(10)
-- interim replaced with
declare @replace_with char(1)=' '
-- call the translate function that will change unwanted characters to spaces
-- in this sample
declare @translated varchar(max)
select @translated=TRANSLATE(@text,@unwanted,REPLICATE(@replace_with,len(@unwanted)))
-- In this case, I want to preserve one space
select string_agg(trim(value),' ')
from STRING_SPLIT(@translated,' ')
where trim(value)<>''
-- Result
'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit Vivamus commodo justo metus sed facilisis ante congue eget Proin ac bibendum sem'
使用CTE生成的数字表来检查每个字符,然后FOR XML连接到一个保留值的字符串,您可以…
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[PatRemove](
@pattern varchar(50),
@expression varchar(8000)
)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
WITH
d(d) AS (SELECT d FROM (VALUES (0),(1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9)) digits(d)),
nums(n) AS (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM d d1, d d2, d d3, d d4),
chars(c) AS (SELECT SUBSTRING(@expression, n, 1) FROM nums WHERE n <= LEN(@expression))
SELECT
@expression = (SELECT c AS [text()] FROM chars WHERE c NOT LIKE @pattern FOR XML PATH(''));
RETURN @expression;
END
这是另一个递归CTE解决方案,基于@Gerhard Weiss的回答。您应该能够将整个代码块复制并粘贴到SSMS中,并在那里使用它。结果包括一些额外的列,以帮助我们理解发生了什么。我花了一段时间才理解了PATINDEX (RegEx)和递归CTE的全部原理。
DECLARE @DefineBadCharPattern varchar(30)
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^A-z]%' --Means anything NOT between A and z characters (according to ascii char value) is "bad"
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^a-z0-9]%' --Means anything NOT between a and z characters or numbers 0 through 9 (according to ascii char value) are "bad"
SET @DefineBadCharPattern = '%[^ -~]%' --Means anything NOT between space and ~ characters (all non-printable characters) is "bad"
--Change @ReplaceBadCharWith to '' to strip "bad" characters from string
--Change to some character if you want to 'see' what's being replaced. NOTE: It must be allowed accoring to @DefineBadCharPattern above
DECLARE @ReplaceBadCharWith varchar(1) = '#' --Change this to whatever you want to replace non-printable chars with
IF patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, @ReplaceBadCharWith) > 0
BEGIN
RAISERROR('@ReplaceBadCharWith value (%s) must be a character allowed by PATINDEX pattern of %s',16,1,@ReplaceBadCharWith, @DefineBadCharPattern)
RETURN
END
--A table of values to play with:
DECLARE @temp TABLE (OriginalString varchar(100))
INSERT @temp SELECT ' 1hello' + char(13) + char(10) + 'there' + char(30) + char(9) + char(13) + char(10)
INSERT @temp SELECT '2hello' + char(30) + 'there' + char(30)
INSERT @temp SELECT ' 3hello there'
INSERT @temp SELECT ' tab' + char(9) + ' character'
INSERT @temp SELECT 'good bye'
--Let the magic begin:
;WITH recurse AS (
select
OriginalString,
OriginalString as CleanString,
patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString) as [Position],
substring(OriginalString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString),1) as [InvalidCharacter],
ascii(substring(OriginalString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN, OriginalString),1)) as [ASCIICode]
from @temp
UNION ALL
select
OriginalString,
CONVERT(varchar(100),REPLACE(CleanString,InvalidCharacter,@ReplaceBadCharWith)),
patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) as [Position],
substring(CleanString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString),1),
ascii(substring(CleanString,patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString),1))
from recurse
where patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) > 0
)
SELECT * FROM recurse
--optionally comment out this last WHERE clause to see more of what the recursion is doing:
WHERE patindex(@DefineBadCharPattern COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN,CleanString) = 0