我有一个web服务,我试图单元测试。在服务中,它从HttpContext中提取了几个值,如下所示:

 m_password = (string)HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerId"];
 m_userID = (string)HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerUrl"];

在单元测试中,我使用一个简单的工作请求创建上下文,如下所示:

SimpleWorkerRequest request = new SimpleWorkerRequest("", "", "", null, new StringWriter());
HttpContext context = new HttpContext(request);
HttpContext.Current = context;

然而,每当我试图设置HttpContext.Current.Session的值时

HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerId"] = "customer1";
HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerUrl"] = "customer1Url";

我得到空引用异常,说HttpContext.Current.Session是空的。

是否有方法在单元测试中初始化当前会话?


当前回答

试试这个:

        // MockHttpSession Setup
        var session = new MockHttpSession();

        // MockHttpRequest Setup - mock AJAX request
        var httpRequest = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();

        // Setup this part of the HTTP request for AJAX calls
        httpRequest.Setup(req => req["X-Requested-With"]).Returns("XMLHttpRequest");

        // MockHttpContextBase Setup - mock request, cache, and session
        var httpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(httpRequest.Object);
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Cache).Returns(HttpRuntime.Cache);
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session);

        // MockHttpContext for cache
        var contextRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://localhost/", "");
        var contextResponse = new HttpResponse(new StringWriter());
        HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(contextRequest, contextResponse);

        // MockControllerContext Setup
        var context = new Mock<ControllerContext>();
        context.Setup(ctx => ctx.HttpContext).Returns(httpContext.Object);

        //TODO: Create new controller here
        //      Set controller's ControllerContext to context.Object

并添加类:

public class MockHttpSession : HttpSessionStateBase
{
    Dictionary<string, object> _sessionDictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    public override object this[string name]
    {
        get
        {
            return _sessionDictionary.ContainsKey(name) ? _sessionDictionary[name] : null;
        }
        set
        {
            _sessionDictionary[name] = value;
        }
    }

    public override void Abandon()
    {
        var keys = new List<string>();

        foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
        {
            keys.Add(kvp.Key);
        }

        foreach (var key in keys)
        {
            _sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
        }
    }

    public override void Clear()
    {
        var keys = new List<string>();

        foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
        {
            keys.Add(kvp.Key);
        }

        foreach(var key in keys)
        {
            _sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
        }
    }
}

这将允许您同时测试会话和缓存。

其他回答

从不嘲弄。从来没有!解决方法非常简单。为什么要伪造HttpContext这样一个美丽的作品呢?

下推会话!(这句话对我们大多数人来说已经足够理解了,但下面会详细解释)

(字符串)HttpContext.Current.Session(“CustomerId”);是我们现在访问它的方式。将其更改为

_customObject.SessionProperty("CustomerId")

当从test调用时,_customObject使用替代存储(DB或云键值[http://www.kvstore.io/])

但是当从实际应用程序调用时,_customObject使用Session。

这是怎么做到的?嗯…依赖注入!

因此test可以设置会话(地下),然后调用应用程序方法,就好像它对会话一无所知一样。然后测试秘密地检查应用程序代码是否正确地更新了会话。或者应用程序是否基于测试设置的会话值进行操作。

事实上,我们最终还是嘲笑了,尽管我说过:“永远不要嘲笑”。因为我们忍不住溜到下一个规则,“嘲笑最不疼的地方!”模拟巨大的HttpContext或模拟一个小的会话,哪个伤害最小?别问我这些规矩是从哪来的。我们就说常识吧。这里有一篇关于不要嘲笑单元测试会杀死我们的有趣文章

我们必须通过使用HttpContextManager来模拟HttpContext,并从我们的应用程序和单元测试中调用工厂

public class HttpContextManager 
{
    private static HttpContextBase m_context;
    public static HttpContextBase Current
    {
        get
        {
            if (m_context != null)
                return m_context;

            if (HttpContext.Current == null)
                throw new InvalidOperationException("HttpContext not available");

            return new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
        }
    }

    public static void SetCurrentContext(HttpContextBase context)
    {
        m_context = context;
    }
}

然后替换所有对HttpContext的调用。当前与HttpContextManager。当前和已获得相同的方法。然后在测试时,您还可以访问HttpContextManager并模拟您的期望

这是一个使用Moq的例子:

private HttpContextBase GetMockedHttpContext()
{
    var context = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
    var request = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();
    var response = new Mock<HttpResponseBase>();
    var session = new Mock<HttpSessionStateBase>();
    var server = new Mock<HttpServerUtilityBase>();
    var user = new Mock<IPrincipal>();
    var identity = new Mock<IIdentity>();
    var urlHelper = new Mock<UrlHelper>();

    var routes = new RouteCollection();
    MvcApplication.RegisterRoutes(routes);
    var requestContext = new Mock<RequestContext>();
    requestContext.Setup(x => x.HttpContext).Returns(context.Object);
    context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(request.Object);
    context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Response).Returns(response.Object);
    context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session.Object);
    context.Setup(ctx => ctx.Server).Returns(server.Object);
    context.Setup(ctx => ctx.User).Returns(user.Object);
    user.Setup(ctx => ctx.Identity).Returns(identity.Object);
    identity.Setup(id => id.IsAuthenticated).Returns(true);
    identity.Setup(id => id.Name).Returns("test");
    request.Setup(req => req.Url).Returns(new Uri("http://www.google.com"));
    request.Setup(req => req.RequestContext).Returns(requestContext.Object);
    requestContext.Setup(x => x.RouteData).Returns(new RouteData());
    request.SetupGet(req => req.Headers).Returns(new NameValueCollection());

    return context.Object;
}

然后在单元测试中使用它,我在Test Init方法中调用它

HttpContextManager.SetCurrentContext(GetMockedHttpContext());

然后,您可以在上面的方法中添加来自Session的预期结果,您希望它可以用于您的web服务。

你可以试试FakeHttpContext:

using (new FakeHttpContext())
{
   HttpContext.Current.Session["CustomerId"] = "customer1";       
}

在asp.net Core / MVC 6 rc2中,你可以设置HttpContext

var SomeController controller = new SomeController();

controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext();
controller.ControllerContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
controller.HttpContext.Session = new DummySession();

Rc 1为

var SomeController controller = new SomeController();

controller.ActionContext = new ActionContext();
controller.ActionContext.HttpContext = new DefaultHttpContext();
controller.HttpContext.Session = new DummySession();

https://stackoverflow.com/a/34022964/516748

考虑使用Moq

new Mock<ISession>();

试试这个:

        // MockHttpSession Setup
        var session = new MockHttpSession();

        // MockHttpRequest Setup - mock AJAX request
        var httpRequest = new Mock<HttpRequestBase>();

        // Setup this part of the HTTP request for AJAX calls
        httpRequest.Setup(req => req["X-Requested-With"]).Returns("XMLHttpRequest");

        // MockHttpContextBase Setup - mock request, cache, and session
        var httpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Request).Returns(httpRequest.Object);
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Cache).Returns(HttpRuntime.Cache);
        httpContext.Setup(ctx => ctx.Session).Returns(session);

        // MockHttpContext for cache
        var contextRequest = new HttpRequest("", "http://localhost/", "");
        var contextResponse = new HttpResponse(new StringWriter());
        HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(contextRequest, contextResponse);

        // MockControllerContext Setup
        var context = new Mock<ControllerContext>();
        context.Setup(ctx => ctx.HttpContext).Returns(httpContext.Object);

        //TODO: Create new controller here
        //      Set controller's ControllerContext to context.Object

并添加类:

public class MockHttpSession : HttpSessionStateBase
{
    Dictionary<string, object> _sessionDictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    public override object this[string name]
    {
        get
        {
            return _sessionDictionary.ContainsKey(name) ? _sessionDictionary[name] : null;
        }
        set
        {
            _sessionDictionary[name] = value;
        }
    }

    public override void Abandon()
    {
        var keys = new List<string>();

        foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
        {
            keys.Add(kvp.Key);
        }

        foreach (var key in keys)
        {
            _sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
        }
    }

    public override void Clear()
    {
        var keys = new List<string>();

        foreach (var kvp in _sessionDictionary)
        {
            keys.Add(kvp.Key);
        }

        foreach(var key in keys)
        {
            _sessionDictionary.Remove(key);
        }
    }
}

这将允许您同时测试会话和缓存。