使用Angular和nodejs上传文件的完整示例(express)

HTML代码

            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="file">Choose File</label><br/>
                <input type="file" id="file" (change)="uploadFile($event.target.files)" multiple>
            </div>

TS组件代码

uploadFile(files) {
    console.log('files', files)
        var formData = new FormData();

    for(let i =0; i < files.length; i++){
      formData.append("files", files[i], files[i]['name']);
        }

    this.httpService.httpPost('/fileUpload', formData)
      .subscribe((response) => {
        console.log('response', response)
      },
        (error) => {
      console.log('error in fileupload', error)
       })
  }

Node Js代码

上传火灾控制器

function start(req, res) {
fileUploadService.fileUpload(req, res)
    .then(fileUploadServiceResponse => {
        res.status(200).send(fileUploadServiceResponse)
    })
    .catch(error => {
        res.status(400).send(error)
    })
}

module.exports.start = start

使用multer上传服务

const multer = require('multer') // import library
const moment = require('moment')
const q = require('q')
const _ = require('underscore')
const fs = require('fs')
const dir = './public'

/** Store file on local folder */
let storage = multer.diskStorage({
destination: function (req, file, cb) {
    cb(null, 'public')
},
filename: function (req, file, cb) {
    let date = moment(moment.now()).format('YYYYMMDDHHMMSS')
    cb(null, date + '_' + file.originalname.replace(/-/g, '_').replace(/ /g,     '_'))
}
})

/** Upload files  */
let upload = multer({ storage: storage }).array('files')

/** Exports fileUpload function */
module.exports = {
fileUpload: function (req, res) {
    let deferred = q.defer()

    /** Create dir if not exist */
    if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
        fs.mkdirSync(dir)
        console.log(`\n\n ${dir} dose not exist, hence created \n\n`)
    }

    upload(req, res, function (err) {
        if (req && (_.isEmpty(req.files))) {
            deferred.resolve({ status: 200, message: 'File not attached', data: [] })
        } else {
            if (err) {
                deferred.reject({ status: 400, message: 'error', data: err })
            } else {
                deferred.resolve({
                    status: 200,
                    message: 'File attached',
                    filename: _.pluck(req.files,
                        'filename'),
                    data: req.files
                })
            }
        }
    })
    return deferred.promise
}
}

首先，你需要在你的Angular项目中设置HttpClient。

打开src/app/app.module。导入HttpClientModule并将其添加到模块的imports数组中，如下所示:

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';  
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';  
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';  
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';

@NgModule({  
  declarations: [  
    AppComponent,  
  ],  
  imports: [  
    BrowserModule,  
    AppRoutingModule,  
    HttpClientModule  
  ],  
  providers: [],  
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]  
})  
export class AppModule { }

接下来，生成一个组件:

$ ng generate component home

接下来，生成一个上传服务:

$ ng generate service upload

接下来，打开src/app/upload.service。Ts文件如下:

import { HttpClient, HttpEvent, HttpErrorResponse, HttpEventType } from  '@angular/common/http';  
import { map } from  'rxjs/operators';

@Injectable({  
  providedIn: 'root'  
})  
export class UploadService { 
    SERVER_URL: string = "https://file.io/";  
    constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient) { }
    public upload(formData) {

      return this.httpClient.post<any>(this.SERVER_URL, formData, {  
         reportProgress: true,  
         observe: 'events'  
      });  
   }
}

接下来，打开src/app/home/home.component.ts文件，开始添加以下导入:

import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild, ElementRef  } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpEventType, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
import { of } from 'rxjs';  
import { catchError, map } from 'rxjs/operators';  
import { UploadService } from  '../upload.service';

接下来，定义fileUpload和files变量，并注入UploadService，如下所示:

@Component({  
  selector: 'app-home',  
  templateUrl: './home.component.html',  
  styleUrls: ['./home.component.css']  
})  
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit {
    @ViewChild("fileUpload", {static: false}) fileUpload: ElementRef;files  = [];  
    constructor(private uploadService: UploadService) { }

接下来，定义uploadFile()方法:

uploadFile(file) {  
    const formData = new FormData();  
    formData.append('file', file.data);  
    file.inProgress = true;  
    this.uploadService.upload(formData).pipe(  
      map(event => {  
        switch (event.type) {  
          case HttpEventType.UploadProgress:  
            file.progress = Math.round(event.loaded * 100 / event.total);  
            break;  
          case HttpEventType.Response:  
            return event;  
        }  
      }),  
      catchError((error: HttpErrorResponse) => {  
        file.inProgress = false;  
        return of(`${file.data.name} upload failed.`);  
      })).subscribe((event: any) => {  
        if (typeof (event) === 'object') {  
          console.log(event.body);  
        }  
      });  
  }

接下来，定义uploadFiles()方法，该方法可用于上传多个图像文件:

private uploadFiles() {  
    this.fileUpload.nativeElement.value = '';  
    this.files.forEach(file => {  
      this.uploadFile(file);  
    });  
}

接下来，定义onClick()方法:

onClick() {  
    const fileUpload = this.fileUpload.nativeElement;fileUpload.onchange = () => {  
    for (let index = 0; index < fileUpload.files.length; index++)  
    {  
     const file = fileUpload.files[index];  
     this.files.push({ data: file, inProgress: false, progress: 0});  
    }  
      this.uploadFiles();  
    };  
    fileUpload.click();  
}

接下来，我们需要创建图像上传UI的HTML模板。打开src/app/home/home.component.html文件，添加以下内容:

<div [ngStyle]="{'text-align':center; 'margin-top': 100px;}">
   <button mat-button color="primary" (click)="fileUpload.click()">choose file</button>  
   <button mat-button color="warn" (click)="onClick()">Upload</button>  
   <input [hidden]="true" type="file" #fileUpload id="fileUpload" name="fileUpload" multiple="multiple" accept="image/*" />
</div>

看看这篇教程和这篇文章

就我个人而言，我使用ngx-material-file-input作为前端，Firebase作为后端。更准确地说，后端是与Cloud Firestore结合的Cloud Storage for Firebase。下面是一个示例，它限制文件不大于20 MB，并且只接受某些文件扩展名。我还使用Cloud Firestore来存储上传文件的链接，但你可以跳过这个。

contact.component.html

<mat-form-field>
  <!--
    Accept only files in the following format: .doc, .docx, .jpg, .jpeg, .pdf, .png, .xls, .xlsx. However, this is easy to bypass, Cloud Storage rules has been set up on the back-end side.
  -->
  <ngx-mat-file-input
    [accept]="[
      '.doc',
      '.docx',
      '.jpg',
      '.jpeg',
      '.pdf',
      '.png',
      '.xls',
      '.xlsx'
    ]"
    (change)="uploadFile($event)"
    formControlName="fileUploader"
    multiple
    aria-label="Here you can add additional files about your project, which can be helpeful for us."
    placeholder="Additional files"
    title="Additional files"
    type="file"
  >
  </ngx-mat-file-input>
  <mat-icon matSuffix>folder</mat-icon>
  <mat-hint
    >Accepted formats: DOC, DOCX, JPG, JPEG, PDF, PNG, XLS and XLSX,
    maximum files upload size: 20 MB.
  </mat-hint>
  <!--
    Non-null assertion operators are required to let know the compiler that this value is not empty and exists.
  -->
  <mat-error
    *ngIf="contactForm.get('fileUploader')!.hasError('maxContentSize')"
  >
    This size is too large,
    <strong
      >maximum acceptable upload size is
      {{
        contactForm.get('fileUploader')?.getError('maxContentSize')
          .maxSize | byteFormat
      }}</strong
    >
    (uploaded size:
    {{
      contactForm.get('fileUploader')?.getError('maxContentSize')
        .actualSize | byteFormat
    }}).
  </mat-error>
</mat-form-field>

ts(大小验证器部分)

import { FileValidator } from 'ngx-material-file-input';
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, Validators } from '@angular/forms';

/**
 * @constructor
 * @description Creates a new instance of this component.
 * @param  {formBuilder} - an abstraction class object to create a form group control for the contact form.
 */
constructor(
  private angularFirestore: AngularFirestore,
  private angularFireStorage: AngularFireStorage,
  private formBuilder: FormBuilder
) {}

public maxFileSize = 20971520;
public contactForm: FormGroup = this.formBuilder.group({
    fileUploader: [
      '',
      Validators.compose([
        FileValidator.maxContentSize(this.maxFileSize),
        Validators.maxLength(512),
        Validators.minLength(2)
      ])
    ]
})

ts(文件上传器部分)

import { AngularFirestore } from '@angular/fire/firestore';
import {
  AngularFireStorage,
  AngularFireStorageReference,
  AngularFireUploadTask
} from '@angular/fire/storage';
import { catchError, finalize } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { throwError } from 'rxjs';

public downloadURL: string[] = [];
/**
* @description Upload additional files to Cloud Firestore and get URL to the files.
   * @param {event} - object of sent files.
   * @returns {void}
   */
  public uploadFile(event: any): void {
    // Iterate through all uploaded files.
    for (let i = 0; i < event.target.files.length; i++) {
      const randomId = Math.random()
        .toString(36)
        .substring(2); // Create random ID, so the same file names can be uploaded to Cloud Firestore.

      const file = event.target.files[i]; // Get each uploaded file.

      // Get file reference.
      const fileRef: AngularFireStorageReference = this.angularFireStorage.ref(
        randomId
      );

      // Create upload task.
      const task: AngularFireUploadTask = this.angularFireStorage.upload(
        randomId,
        file
      );

      // Upload file to Cloud Firestore.
      task
        .snapshotChanges()
        .pipe(
          finalize(() => {
            fileRef.getDownloadURL().subscribe((downloadURL: string) => {
              this.angularFirestore
                .collection(process.env.FIRESTORE_COLLECTION_FILES!) // Non-null assertion operator is required to let know the compiler that this value is not empty and exists.
                .add({ downloadURL: downloadURL });
              this.downloadURL.push(downloadURL);
            });
          }),
          catchError((error: any) => {
            return throwError(error);
          })
        )
        .subscribe();
    }
  }

storage.rules

rules_version = '2';
service firebase.storage {
  match /b/{bucket}/o {
    match /{allPaths=**} {
        allow read; // Required in order to send this as attachment.
      // Allow write files Firebase Storage, only if:
      // 1) File is no more than 20MB
      // 2) Content type is in one of the following formats: .doc, .docx, .jpg, .jpeg, .pdf, .png, .xls, .xlsx.
      allow write: if request.resource.size <= 20 * 1024 * 1024
        && (request.resource.contentType.matches('application/msword')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('image/jpg')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('image/jpeg')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('application/pdf')
                || request.resource.contentType.matches('image/png')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.ms-excel')
        || request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'))
    }
  }
}

我使用的是Angular 5.2.11， 我喜欢Gregor Doroschenko提供的解决方案，但是我注意到上传的文件是零字节的，我必须做一个小小的改变才能让它为我工作。

postFile(fileToUpload: File): Observable<boolean> {
  const endpoint = 'your-destination-url';
  return this.httpClient
    .post(endpoint, fileToUpload, { headers: yourHeadersConfig })
    .map(() => { return true; })
    .catch((e) => this.handleError(e));
}

下面几行(formData)对我不起作用。

const formData: FormData = new FormData();
formData.append('fileKey', fileToUpload, fileToUpload.name);

https://github.com/amitrke/ngrke/blob/master/src/app/services/fileupload.service.ts

非常简单和最快的方法是使用ng2-file-upload。

通过npm安装ng2-file-upload。NPM I ng2-file-upload——保存

首先在模块中导入模块。

import { FileUploadModule } from 'ng2-file-upload';

Add it to [imports] under @NgModule:
imports: [ ... FileUploadModule, ... ]

标记:

<input ng2FileSelect type="file" accept=".xml" [uploader]="uploader"/>

在你的组件中:

import { FileUploader } from 'ng2-file-upload';
...
uploader: FileUploader = new FileUploader({ url: "api/your_upload", removeAfterUpload: false, autoUpload: true });

这是最简单的用法。要知道所有的权力，这看到演示

使用Angular和nodejs上传文件的完整示例(express)

HTML代码

            <div class="form-group">
                <label for="file">Choose File</label><br/>
                <input type="file" id="file" (change)="uploadFile($event.target.files)" multiple>
            </div>

TS组件代码

uploadFile(files) {
    console.log('files', files)
        var formData = new FormData();

    for(let i =0; i < files.length; i++){
      formData.append("files", files[i], files[i]['name']);
        }

    this.httpService.httpPost('/fileUpload', formData)
      .subscribe((response) => {
        console.log('response', response)
      },
        (error) => {
      console.log('error in fileupload', error)
       })
  }

Node Js代码

上传火灾控制器

function start(req, res) {
fileUploadService.fileUpload(req, res)
    .then(fileUploadServiceResponse => {
        res.status(200).send(fileUploadServiceResponse)
    })
    .catch(error => {
        res.status(400).send(error)
    })
}

module.exports.start = start

使用multer上传服务

const multer = require('multer') // import library
const moment = require('moment')
const q = require('q')
const _ = require('underscore')
const fs = require('fs')
const dir = './public'

/** Store file on local folder */
let storage = multer.diskStorage({
destination: function (req, file, cb) {
    cb(null, 'public')
},
filename: function (req, file, cb) {
    let date = moment(moment.now()).format('YYYYMMDDHHMMSS')
    cb(null, date + '_' + file.originalname.replace(/-/g, '_').replace(/ /g,     '_'))
}
})

/** Upload files  */
let upload = multer({ storage: storage }).array('files')

/** Exports fileUpload function */
module.exports = {
fileUpload: function (req, res) {
    let deferred = q.defer()

    /** Create dir if not exist */
    if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
        fs.mkdirSync(dir)
        console.log(`\n\n ${dir} dose not exist, hence created \n\n`)
    }

    upload(req, res, function (err) {
        if (req && (_.isEmpty(req.files))) {
            deferred.resolve({ status: 200, message: 'File not attached', data: [] })
        } else {
            if (err) {
                deferred.reject({ status: 400, message: 'error', data: err })
            } else {
                deferred.resolve({
                    status: 200,
                    message: 'File attached',
                    filename: _.pluck(req.files,
                        'filename'),
                    data: req.files
                })
            }
        }
    })
    return deferred.promise
}
}