我是Angular的初学者，我想知道如何创建Angular 5文件上传部分，我试图找到任何教程或文档，但我在任何地方都看不到任何东西。对此有什么想法吗?我尝试了ng4-files，但它不适用于Angular 5
当前回答
下面是我上传excel文件的方法: 目录结构:
app
|-----uploadcomponent
|-----uploadcomponent.module.ts
|-----uploadcomponent.html
|-----app.module.ts
|-----app.component.ts
|-----app.service.ts
uploadcomponent.html
<div>
<form [formGroup]="form" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit()">
<input type="file" name="profile" enctype="multipart/form-data" accept=".xlsm,application/msexcel" (change)="onChange($event)" />
<button type="submit">Upload Template</button>
<button id="delete_button" class="delete_button" type="reset"><i class="fa fa-trash"></i></button>
</form>
</div>
uploadcomponent.ts
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
....
export class UploadComponent implements OnInit {
form: FormGroup;
constructor(private formBuilder: FormBuilder, private uploadService: AppService) {}
ngOnInit() {
this.form = this.formBuilder.group({
profile: ['']
});
}
onChange(event) {
if (event.target.files.length > 0) {
const file = event.target.files[0];
this.form.get('profile').setValue(file);
console.log(this.form.get('profile').value)
}
}
onSubmit() {
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', this.form.get('profile').value);
this.uploadService.upload(formData).subscribe(
(res) => {
this.response = res;
console.log(res);
},
(err) => {
console.log(err);
});
}
}
app.service.ts
upload(formData) {
const endpoint = this.service_url+'upload/';
const httpOptions = headers: new HttpHeaders({ <<<< Changes are here
'Authorization': 'token xxxxxxx'})
};
return this.http.post(endpoint, formData, httpOptions);
}
在后台，我使用DJango REST框架。 models.py
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models
from django.db import connection
from django_mysql.models import JSONField, Model
import uuid
import os
def change_filename(instance, filename):
extension = filename.split('.')[-1]
file_name = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
uuid_name = uuid.uuid4()
return file_name+"_"+str(uuid_name)+"."+extension
class UploadTemplate (Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
file = models.FileField(blank=False, null=False, upload_to=change_filename)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.file.name)
views.py。
class UploadView(APIView):
serializer_class = UploadSerializer
parser_classes = [MultiPartParser]
def get_queryset(self):
queryset = UploadTemplate.objects.all()
return queryset
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
file_serializer = UploadSerializer(data=request.data)
status = None
message = None
if file_serializer.is_valid():
file_serializer.save()
status = "Success"
message = "Success"
else:
status = "Failure"
message = "Failure!"
content = {'status': status, 'message': message}
return Response(content)
serializers.py。
from uploadtemplate.models import UploadTemplate
from rest_framework import serializers
class UploadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = UploadTemplate
fields = '__all__'
urls . py。
router.register(r'uploadtemplate', uploadtemplateviews.UploadTemplateView,
base_name='UploadTemplate')
urlpatterns = [
....
url(r'upload/', uploadtemplateviews.UploadTemplateView.as_view()),
] + static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
MEDIA_URL和MEDIA_ROOT在项目的settings.py中定义。
谢谢!
其他回答
试试这个
安装
npm install primeng --save
进口
import {FileUploadModule} from 'primeng/primeng';
Html
<p-fileUpload name="myfile[]" url="./upload.php" multiple="multiple"
accept="image/*" auto="auto"></p-fileUpload>
下面是我上传excel文件的方法: 目录结构:
app
|-----uploadcomponent
|-----uploadcomponent.module.ts
|-----uploadcomponent.html
|-----app.module.ts
|-----app.component.ts
|-----app.service.ts
uploadcomponent.html
<div>
<form [formGroup]="form" (ngSubmit)="onSubmit()">
<input type="file" name="profile" enctype="multipart/form-data" accept=".xlsm,application/msexcel" (change)="onChange($event)" />
<button type="submit">Upload Template</button>
<button id="delete_button" class="delete_button" type="reset"><i class="fa fa-trash"></i></button>
</form>
</div>
uploadcomponent.ts
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
....
export class UploadComponent implements OnInit {
form: FormGroup;
constructor(private formBuilder: FormBuilder, private uploadService: AppService) {}
ngOnInit() {
this.form = this.formBuilder.group({
profile: ['']
});
}
onChange(event) {
if (event.target.files.length > 0) {
const file = event.target.files[0];
this.form.get('profile').setValue(file);
console.log(this.form.get('profile').value)
}
}
onSubmit() {
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', this.form.get('profile').value);
this.uploadService.upload(formData).subscribe(
(res) => {
this.response = res;
console.log(res);
},
(err) => {
console.log(err);
});
}
}
app.service.ts
upload(formData) {
const endpoint = this.service_url+'upload/';
const httpOptions = headers: new HttpHeaders({ <<<< Changes are here
'Authorization': 'token xxxxxxx'})
};
return this.http.post(endpoint, formData, httpOptions);
}
在后台，我使用DJango REST框架。 models.py
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.db import models
from django.db import connection
from django_mysql.models import JSONField, Model
import uuid
import os
def change_filename(instance, filename):
extension = filename.split('.')[-1]
file_name = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
uuid_name = uuid.uuid4()
return file_name+"_"+str(uuid_name)+"."+extension
class UploadTemplate (Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
file = models.FileField(blank=False, null=False, upload_to=change_filename)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.file.name)
views.py。
class UploadView(APIView):
serializer_class = UploadSerializer
parser_classes = [MultiPartParser]
def get_queryset(self):
queryset = UploadTemplate.objects.all()
return queryset
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
file_serializer = UploadSerializer(data=request.data)
status = None
message = None
if file_serializer.is_valid():
file_serializer.save()
status = "Success"
message = "Success"
else:
status = "Failure"
message = "Failure!"
content = {'status': status, 'message': message}
return Response(content)
serializers.py。
from uploadtemplate.models import UploadTemplate
from rest_framework import serializers
class UploadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = UploadTemplate
fields = '__all__'
urls . py。
router.register(r'uploadtemplate', uploadtemplateviews.UploadTemplateView,
base_name='UploadTemplate')
urlpatterns = [
....
url(r'upload/', uploadtemplateviews.UploadTemplateView.as_view()),
] + static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
MEDIA_URL和MEDIA_ROOT在项目的settings.py中定义。
谢谢!
就我个人而言，我使用ngx-material-file-input作为前端，Firebase作为后端。更准确地说，后端是与Cloud Firestore结合的Cloud Storage for Firebase。下面是一个示例，它限制文件不大于20 MB，并且只接受某些文件扩展名。我还使用Cloud Firestore来存储上传文件的链接，但你可以跳过这个。
contact.component.html
<mat-form-field>
<!--
Accept only files in the following format: .doc, .docx, .jpg, .jpeg, .pdf, .png, .xls, .xlsx. However, this is easy to bypass, Cloud Storage rules has been set up on the back-end side.
-->
<ngx-mat-file-input
[accept]="[
'.doc',
'.docx',
'.jpg',
'.jpeg',
'.pdf',
'.png',
'.xls',
'.xlsx'
]"
(change)="uploadFile($event)"
formControlName="fileUploader"
multiple
aria-label="Here you can add additional files about your project, which can be helpeful for us."
placeholder="Additional files"
title="Additional files"
type="file"
>
</ngx-mat-file-input>
<mat-icon matSuffix>folder</mat-icon>
<mat-hint
>Accepted formats: DOC, DOCX, JPG, JPEG, PDF, PNG, XLS and XLSX,
maximum files upload size: 20 MB.
</mat-hint>
<!--
Non-null assertion operators are required to let know the compiler that this value is not empty and exists.
-->
<mat-error
*ngIf="contactForm.get('fileUploader')!.hasError('maxContentSize')"
>
This size is too large,
<strong
>maximum acceptable upload size is
{{
contactForm.get('fileUploader')?.getError('maxContentSize')
.maxSize | byteFormat
}}</strong
>
(uploaded size:
{{
contactForm.get('fileUploader')?.getError('maxContentSize')
.actualSize | byteFormat
}}).
</mat-error>
</mat-form-field>
ts(大小验证器部分)
import { FileValidator } from 'ngx-material-file-input';
import { FormBuilder, FormGroup, Validators } from '@angular/forms';
/**
* @constructor
* @description Creates a new instance of this component.
* @param {formBuilder} - an abstraction class object to create a form group control for the contact form.
*/
constructor(
private angularFirestore: AngularFirestore,
private angularFireStorage: AngularFireStorage,
private formBuilder: FormBuilder
) {}
public maxFileSize = 20971520;
public contactForm: FormGroup = this.formBuilder.group({
fileUploader: [
'',
Validators.compose([
FileValidator.maxContentSize(this.maxFileSize),
Validators.maxLength(512),
Validators.minLength(2)
])
]
})
ts(文件上传器部分)
import { AngularFirestore } from '@angular/fire/firestore';
import {
AngularFireStorage,
AngularFireStorageReference,
AngularFireUploadTask
} from '@angular/fire/storage';
import { catchError, finalize } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { throwError } from 'rxjs';
public downloadURL: string[] = [];
/**
* @description Upload additional files to Cloud Firestore and get URL to the files.
* @param {event} - object of sent files.
* @returns {void}
*/
public uploadFile(event: any): void {
// Iterate through all uploaded files.
for (let i = 0; i < event.target.files.length; i++) {
const randomId = Math.random()
.toString(36)
.substring(2); // Create random ID, so the same file names can be uploaded to Cloud Firestore.
const file = event.target.files[i]; // Get each uploaded file.
// Get file reference.
const fileRef: AngularFireStorageReference = this.angularFireStorage.ref(
randomId
);
// Create upload task.
const task: AngularFireUploadTask = this.angularFireStorage.upload(
randomId,
file
);
// Upload file to Cloud Firestore.
task
.snapshotChanges()
.pipe(
finalize(() => {
fileRef.getDownloadURL().subscribe((downloadURL: string) => {
this.angularFirestore
.collection(process.env.FIRESTORE_COLLECTION_FILES!) // Non-null assertion operator is required to let know the compiler that this value is not empty and exists.
.add({ downloadURL: downloadURL });
this.downloadURL.push(downloadURL);
});
}),
catchError((error: any) => {
return throwError(error);
})
)
.subscribe();
}
}
storage.rules
rules_version = '2';
service firebase.storage {
match /b/{bucket}/o {
match /{allPaths=**} {
allow read; // Required in order to send this as attachment.
// Allow write files Firebase Storage, only if:
// 1) File is no more than 20MB
// 2) Content type is in one of the following formats: .doc, .docx, .jpg, .jpeg, .pdf, .png, .xls, .xlsx.
allow write: if request.resource.size <= 20 * 1024 * 1024
&& (request.resource.contentType.matches('application/msword')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('image/jpg')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('image/jpeg')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('application/pdf')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('image/png')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.ms-excel')
|| request.resource.contentType.matches('application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'))
}
}
}
首先，你需要在你的Angular项目中设置HttpClient。
打开src/app/app.module。导入HttpClientModule并将其添加到模块的imports数组中，如下所示:
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent,
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
AppRoutingModule,
HttpClientModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
接下来，生成一个组件:
$ ng generate component home
接下来，生成一个上传服务:
$ ng generate service upload
接下来，打开src/app/upload.service。Ts文件如下:
import { HttpClient, HttpEvent, HttpErrorResponse, HttpEventType } from '@angular/common/http';
import { map } from 'rxjs/operators';
@Injectable({
providedIn: 'root'
})
export class UploadService {
SERVER_URL: string = "https://file.io/";
constructor(private httpClient: HttpClient) { }
public upload(formData) {
return this.httpClient.post<any>(this.SERVER_URL, formData, {
reportProgress: true,
observe: 'events'
});
}
}
接下来，打开src/app/home/home.component.ts文件，开始添加以下导入:
import { Component, OnInit, ViewChild, ElementRef } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpEventType, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
import { of } from 'rxjs';
import { catchError, map } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { UploadService } from '../upload.service';
接下来，定义fileUpload和files变量，并注入UploadService，如下所示:
@Component({
selector: 'app-home',
templateUrl: './home.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./home.component.css']
})
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit {
@ViewChild("fileUpload", {static: false}) fileUpload: ElementRef;files = [];
constructor(private uploadService: UploadService) { }
接下来，定义uploadFile()方法:
uploadFile(file) {
const formData = new FormData();
formData.append('file', file.data);
file.inProgress = true;
this.uploadService.upload(formData).pipe(
map(event => {
switch (event.type) {
case HttpEventType.UploadProgress:
file.progress = Math.round(event.loaded * 100 / event.total);
break;
case HttpEventType.Response:
return event;
}
}),
catchError((error: HttpErrorResponse) => {
file.inProgress = false;
return of(`${file.data.name} upload failed.`);
})).subscribe((event: any) => {
if (typeof (event) === 'object') {
console.log(event.body);
}
});
}
接下来，定义uploadFiles()方法，该方法可用于上传多个图像文件:
private uploadFiles() {
this.fileUpload.nativeElement.value = '';
this.files.forEach(file => {
this.uploadFile(file);
});
}
接下来，定义onClick()方法:
onClick() {
const fileUpload = this.fileUpload.nativeElement;fileUpload.onchange = () => {
for (let index = 0; index < fileUpload.files.length; index++)
{
const file = fileUpload.files[index];
this.files.push({ data: file, inProgress: false, progress: 0});
}
this.uploadFiles();
};
fileUpload.click();
}
接下来，我们需要创建图像上传UI的HTML模板。打开src/app/home/home.component.html文件，添加以下内容:
<div [ngStyle]="{'text-align':center; 'margin-top': 100px;}">
<button mat-button color="primary" (click)="fileUpload.click()">choose file</button>
<button mat-button color="warn" (click)="onClick()">Upload</button>
<input [hidden]="true" type="file" #fileUpload id="fileUpload" name="fileUpload" multiple="multiple" accept="image/*" />
</div>
看看这篇教程和这篇文章
使用Angular和nodejs上传文件的完整示例(express)
HTML代码
<div class="form-group">
<label for="file">Choose File</label><br/>
<input type="file" id="file" (change)="uploadFile($event.target.files)" multiple>
</div>
TS组件代码
uploadFile(files) {
console.log('files', files)
var formData = new FormData();
for(let i =0; i < files.length; i++){
formData.append("files", files[i], files[i]['name']);
}
this.httpService.httpPost('/fileUpload', formData)
.subscribe((response) => {
console.log('response', response)
},
(error) => {
console.log('error in fileupload', error)
})
}
Node Js代码
上传火灾控制器
function start(req, res) {
fileUploadService.fileUpload(req, res)
.then(fileUploadServiceResponse => {
res.status(200).send(fileUploadServiceResponse)
})
.catch(error => {
res.status(400).send(error)
})
}
module.exports.start = start
使用multer上传服务
const multer = require('multer') // import library
const moment = require('moment')
const q = require('q')
const _ = require('underscore')
const fs = require('fs')
const dir = './public'
/** Store file on local folder */
let storage = multer.diskStorage({
destination: function (req, file, cb) {
cb(null, 'public')
},
filename: function (req, file, cb) {
let date = moment(moment.now()).format('YYYYMMDDHHMMSS')
cb(null, date + '_' + file.originalname.replace(/-/g, '_').replace(/ /g, '_'))
}
})
/** Upload files */
let upload = multer({ storage: storage }).array('files')
/** Exports fileUpload function */
module.exports = {
fileUpload: function (req, res) {
let deferred = q.defer()
/** Create dir if not exist */
if (!fs.existsSync(dir)) {
fs.mkdirSync(dir)
console.log(`\n\n ${dir} dose not exist, hence created \n\n`)
}
upload(req, res, function (err) {
if (req && (_.isEmpty(req.files))) {
deferred.resolve({ status: 200, message: 'File not attached', data: [] })
} else {
if (err) {
deferred.reject({ status: 400, message: 'error', data: err })
} else {
deferred.resolve({
status: 200,
message: 'File attached',
filename: _.pluck(req.files,
'filename'),
data: req.files
})
}
}
})
return deferred.promise
}
}
推荐文章
- Angular 5 -复制到剪贴板
- 错误:在switch上没有指定name属性的窗体控件的值访问器
- TypeScript枚举对象数组
- Angular 2 - innerHTML样式
- Angular 2显示和隐藏一个元素
- 具有构造签名的接口如何工作?
- 'React'指的是一个UMD全局，但当前文件是一个模块
- Angular 2中的“component”不是一个已知的元素
- TypeScript错误:属性“X”在类型“Window”上不存在
- 我怎么能计算在打字稿2日期之间的时间
- 如何刷新一个数据源(mat-table)
- 正确使用错误
- 如何修复TS2322:“可以实例化与约束'对象'的不同子类型”?
- 如何在Angular中动态加载外部脚本?
- 可观察到的。的不是一个函数
