我有一本嵌套的字典。是否只有一种方法可以安全地传递价值观?
try:
example_dict['key1']['key2']
except KeyError:
pass
或者python有一个类似get()的方法用于嵌套字典?
当前回答
我使用的一个解决方案类似于double get，但具有使用if else逻辑避免TypeError的额外能力:
value = example_dict['key1']['key2'] if example_dict.get('key1') and example_dict['key1'].get('key2') else default_value
然而，字典嵌套越多，这就变得越麻烦。
其他回答
你也可以使用python reduce:
def deep_get(dictionary, *keys):
return reduce(lambda d, key: d.get(key) if d else None, keys, dictionary)
我使用的一个解决方案类似于double get，但具有使用if else逻辑避免TypeError的额外能力:
value = example_dict['key1']['key2'] if example_dict.get('key1') and example_dict['key1'].get('key2') else default_value
然而，字典嵌套越多，这就变得越麻烦。
递归解。它不是最有效的，但我发现它比其他示例更具可读性，而且它不依赖于functools。
def deep_get(d, keys):
if not keys or d is None:
return d
return deep_get(d.get(keys[0]), keys[1:])
例子
d = {'meta': {'status': 'OK', 'status_code': 200}}
deep_get(d, ['meta', 'status_code']) # => 200
deep_get(d, ['garbage', 'status_code']) # => None
一个更精致的版本
def deep_get(d, keys, default=None):
"""
Example:
d = {'meta': {'status': 'OK', 'status_code': 200}}
deep_get(d, ['meta', 'status_code']) # => 200
deep_get(d, ['garbage', 'status_code']) # => None
deep_get(d, ['meta', 'garbage'], default='-') # => '-'
"""
assert type(keys) is list
if d is None:
return default
if not keys:
return d
return deep_get(d.get(keys[0]), keys[1:], default)
递归法(мб п п и и одитс)
示例dict类型:
foo = [{'feature_name': 'Sample Creator > Contract Details > Elements of the page',
'scenarios': [{'scenario_name': 'SC, CD, Elements of the page',
'scenario_status': 'failed',
'scenario_tags': None,
'steps': [{'duration': 0,
'name': 'I open application Stage and login by '
'SPT_LOGIN and password SPT_PWD',
'status': 'untested'},
{'duration': 0,
'name': 'I open Sample Creator query page',
'status': 'untested'},
{'duration': 7.78166389465332,
'name': 'I open application Stage and login by '
'SPT_LOGIN and password SPT_PWD',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.985326051712036,
'name': 'I open Sample Creator query page',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 2.9063704013824463,
'name': 'Enter value: '
'X-2008-CON-007,X-2011-CON-016 in '
'textarea: project_text_area sleep: 1',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 4.4447715282440186,
'name': 'I press on GET DATA',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.1209557056427002,
'name': 'Verify the top table on Contract Details',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.8173601627349854,
'name': 'I export contract_details table by offset '
'x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.032956600189209,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__cd_elements_of_the_page_1 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.04593634605407715,
'name': "Verify 'Number of Substances' column "
'values',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.10199904441833496,
'name': 'Substance Sample Details bottom table '
'columns',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.0009999275207519531,
'name': 'Verify the Substance Sample Details '
'bottom table',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.8558616638183594,
'name': 'I export substance_sample_details table '
'by offset x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.0329277515411377,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__cd_elements_of_the_page_2 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.2879970073699951,
'name': 'Click on AG-13369',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.800830364227295,
'name': 'I export substance_sample_details table '
'by offset x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.0169551372528076,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__cd_elements_of_the_page_3 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.7484464645385742,
'name': 'Select all cells, table: 2',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.812828779220581,
'name': 'I export substance_sample_details table '
'by offset x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.0029594898223877,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__cd_elements_of_the_page_2 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.6729373931884766,
'name': 'Set window size x:800, y:600',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 30.145705699920654,
'name': 'All scrollers are placed on top 6 and far '
'left 8',
'status': 'failed'}]}]},
{'feature_name': 'Sample Creator > Substance Sample History > Elements of the '
'page',
'scenarios': [{'scenario_name': 'SC, SSH, Elements of the page',
'scenario_status': 'passed',
'scenario_tags': None,
'steps': [{'duration': 0,
'name': 'I open application Stage and login by '
'SPT_LOGIN and password SPT_PWD',
'status': 'untested'},
{'duration': 0,
'name': 'I open Sample Creator query page',
'status': 'untested'},
{'duration': 7.305850505828857,
'name': 'I open application Stage and login by '
'SPT_LOGIN and password SPT_PWD',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.500955104827881,
'name': 'I open Sample Creator query page',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.0419492721557617,
'name': 'Enter value: NOA401800 SYN-NOA '
'A,S4A482070C SYN-ISN-OLD '
'O,S04A482167T,S04A482190Y,CSAA796564,CSCD106701 '
'in textarea: id_text_area sleep: 1',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 49.567158460617065,
'name': 'I press on GET DATA',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.13904356956481934,
'name': 'Open substance_sample_history',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.1039845943450928,
'name': 'Columns displayed',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 3.881945848464966,
'name': 'I export export_parent_table table by '
'offset x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.0334820747375488,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__ssh_elements_of_the_page_1 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.0319981575012207,
'name': "Title is 'Additional Details for Marked "
"Rows'",
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 0.08897256851196289,
'name': 'Columns displayed (the same as in top '
'table)',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 25.192569971084595,
'name': 'Verify the content of the bottom table',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 4.308935880661011,
'name': 'I export '
'additional_details_for_marked_rows table '
'by offset x:100, y:150',
'status': 'passed'},
{'duration': 1.0089836120605469,
'name': 'Check data of '
'sc__ssh_elements_of_the_page_1 and skip '
'cols None',
'status': 'passed'}]}]}]
代码:
def get_keys(_dict: dict, prefix: list):
prefix += list(_dict.keys())
return prefix
def _loop_elements(elems:list, prefix=None, limit=None):
prefix = prefix or []
limit = limit or 9
try:
if len(elems) != 0 and isinstance(elems, list):
for _ in elems:
if isinstance(_, dict):
get_keys(_, prefix)
for item in _.values():
_loop_elements(item, prefix, limit)
return prefix[:limit]
except TypeError:
return
>>>goo = _loop_elements(foo,limit=9)
>>>goo
['feature_name', 'scenarios', 'scenario_name', 'scenario_status', 'scenario_tags', 'steps', 'duration', 'name', 'status']
我已经编写了一个deepextract包，它完全符合您的要求:https://github.com/ya332/deepextract 你可以这样做
from deepextract import deepextract
# Demo: deepextract.extract_key(obj, key)
deeply_nested_dict = {
"items": {
"item": {
"id": {
"type": {
"donut": {
"name": {
"batters": {
"my_target_key": "my_target_value"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
print(deepextract.extract_key(deeply_nested_dict, "my_target_key") == "my_target_value")
返回
True
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