我想知道Python中是否有用于异步方法调用的库。如果你能做点什么就太好了
@async
def longComputation():
<code>
token = longComputation()
token.registerCallback(callback_function)
# alternative, polling
while not token.finished():
doSomethingElse()
if token.finished():
result = token.result()
或者异步调用非异步例程
def longComputation()
<code>
token = asynccall(longComputation())
如果在语言核心中有一个更精细的策略就太好了。考虑过这个问题吗?
当前回答
喜欢的东西:
import threading
thr = threading.Thread(target=foo, args=(), kwargs={})
thr.start() # Will run "foo"
....
thr.is_alive() # Will return whether foo is running currently
....
thr.join() # Will wait till "foo" is done
有关详细信息，请参阅https://docs.python.org/library/threading.html上的文档。
其他回答
你可以使用过程。如果你想永远运行它，在你的函数中使用while(比如networking):
from multiprocessing import Process
def foo():
while 1:
# Do something
p = Process(target = foo)
p.start()
如果你只想运行一次，可以这样做:
from multiprocessing import Process
def foo():
# Do something
p = Process(target = foo)
p.start()
p.join()
有什么理由不使用线程吗?您可以使用线程类。 使用isAlive()函数代替finished()函数。result()函数可以join()线程并检索结果。并且，如果可以的话，重写run()和__init__函数来调用构造函数中指定的函数，并将值保存到类实例的某个地方。
喜欢的东西:
import threading
thr = threading.Thread(target=foo, args=(), kwargs={})
thr.start() # Will run "foo"
....
thr.is_alive() # Will return whether foo is running currently
....
thr.join() # Will wait till "foo" is done
有关详细信息，请参阅https://docs.python.org/library/threading.html上的文档。
你可以使用eventlet。它允许您编写看似同步的代码，但却可以在网络上异步操作。
下面是一个超级小爬虫的例子:
urls = ["http://www.google.com/intl/en_ALL/images/logo.gif",
"https://wiki.secondlife.com/w/images/secondlife.jpg",
"http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/ww/beta/y3.gif"]
import eventlet
from eventlet.green import urllib2
def fetch(url):
return urllib2.urlopen(url).read()
pool = eventlet.GreenPool()
for body in pool.imap(fetch, urls):
print "got body", len(body)
我的解决方案是:
import threading
class TimeoutError(RuntimeError):
pass
class AsyncCall(object):
def __init__(self, fnc, callback = None):
self.Callable = fnc
self.Callback = callback
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.Thread = threading.Thread(target = self.run, name = self.Callable.__name__, args = args, kwargs = kwargs)
self.Thread.start()
return self
def wait(self, timeout = None):
self.Thread.join(timeout)
if self.Thread.isAlive():
raise TimeoutError()
else:
return self.Result
def run(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.Result = self.Callable(*args, **kwargs)
if self.Callback:
self.Callback(self.Result)
class AsyncMethod(object):
def __init__(self, fnc, callback=None):
self.Callable = fnc
self.Callback = callback
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
return AsyncCall(self.Callable, self.Callback)(*args, **kwargs)
def Async(fnc = None, callback = None):
if fnc == None:
def AddAsyncCallback(fnc):
return AsyncMethod(fnc, callback)
return AddAsyncCallback
else:
return AsyncMethod(fnc, callback)
并完全按要求工作:
@Async
def fnc():
pass
