对于使用Laravel的用户:

如果给定数组是关联数组，则isAssoc返回true。如果数组没有以0开头的连续数字键，则数组被认为是“关联的”:

use Illuminate\Support\Arr;

$isAssoc = Arr::isAssoc(['product' => ['name' => 'Desk', 'price' => 100]]);

// true

$isAssoc = Arr::isAssoc([1, 2, 3]);

// false

https://laravel.com/docs/8.x/helpers#method-array-isassoc

仅仅检查数组是否有非整数键(而不是数组是否按顺序索引或零索引):

function has_string_keys(array $array) {
  return count(array_filter(array_keys($array), 'is_string')) > 0;
}

如果至少有一个字符串键，$array将被视为一个关联数组。

我认为标量数组的定义因应用程序而异。也就是说，一些应用程序将需要更严格的定义标量数组，而一些应用程序将需要更宽松的定义。

下面我将介绍3种不同严格程度的方法。

<?php
/**
 * Since PHP stores all arrays as associative internally, there is no proper
 * definition of a scalar array.
 * 
 * As such, developers are likely to have varying definitions of scalar array,
 * based on their application needs.
 * 
 * In this file, I present 3 increasingly strict methods of determining if an
 * array is scalar.
 * 
 * @author David Farrell <DavidPFarrell@gmail.com>
 */

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyIntKeys defines a scalar array as containing
 * only integer keys.
 * 
 * If you are explicitly setting integer keys on an array, you
 * may need this function to determine scalar-ness.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */ 
function isArrayWithOnlyIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
        if (!is_int($k))
            return false;
    return true;
}

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyAscendingIntKeys defines a scalar array as
 * containing only integer keys in ascending (but not necessarily
 * sequential) order.
 * 
 * If you are performing pushes, pops, and unsets on your array,
 * you may need this function to determine scalar-ness.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */ 
function isArrayWithOnlyAscendingIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    $prev = null;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
    {
        if (!is_int($k) || (null !== $prev && $k <= $prev))
            return false;
        $prev = $k;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyZeroBasedSequentialIntKeys defines a scalar array
 * as containing only integer keys in sequential, ascending order,
 * starting from 0.
 * 
 * If you are only performing operations on your array that are
 * guaranteed to either maintain consistent key values, or that
 * re-base the keys for consistency, then you can use this function.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */
function isArrayWithOnlyZeroBasedSequentialIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    $i = 0;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
        if ($i++ !== $k)
            return false;
    return true;
}

我的解决方案是获得如下数组的键，并检查是否键不是整数:

private function is_hash($array) {
    foreach($array as $key => $value) {
        return ! is_int($key);
    }
    return false;
}

像下面这样获取哈希数组的array_keys是错误的:

array_keys(array(
       "abc" => "gfb",
       "bdc" => "dbc"
       )
);

将输出:

array(
       0 => "abc",
       1 => "bdc"
)

因此，将它与评分最高的答案中提到的一系列数字进行比较并不是一个好主意。它总是说它是一个哈希数组如果你试着比较键和范围。

实际上，我发现自己遇到了类似的情况，试图获取一个数组并将其解析为XML。XML元素名称不能以数字开头——我发现的代码片段不能正确处理带有数字索引的数组。

我的具体情况如下

上面@null (http://stackoverflow .com/a/173589/293332)提供的答案实际上非常接近。我对它被否决感到沮丧:那些不懂正则表达式的人过着非常令人沮丧的生活。

总之，根据他的回答，我得出了以下结论:

/** 
 * Checks if an array is associative by utilizing REGEX against the keys
 * @param   $arr    <array> Reference to the array to be checked
 * @return  boolean
 */     
private function    isAssociativeArray( &$arr ) {
    return  (bool)( preg_match( '/\D/', implode( array_keys( $arr ) ) ) );
}

更多细节请参见PCRE转义序列和PCRE语法页面。

我的特殊情况

这是我正在处理的一个示例数组:

Case A

return  array(
    "GetInventorySummary"  => array(
        "Filters"  => array( 
            "Filter"  => array(
                array(
                    "FilterType"  => "Shape",
                    "FilterValue"  => "W",
                ),
                array(
                    "FilterType"  => "Dimensions",
                    "FilterValue"  => "8 x 10",
                ),
                array(
                    "FilterType"  => "Grade",
                    "FilterValue"  => "A992",
                ),
            ),
        ),
        "SummaryField"  => "Length",
    ),
);

问题是过滤器键是可变的。例如:

Case B

return  array(
    "GetInventorySummary"  => array(
        "Filters"  => array( 
            "Filter"  => array(
                "foo"   =>  "bar",
                "bar"   =>  "foo",
            ),
        ),
        "SummaryField"  => "Length",
    ),
);

为什么我需要协会。检查数组

如果我要转换的数组像情况A一样，我想要返回的是:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<GetInventorySummary>
    <Filters>
        <Filter>
            <FilterType>Shape</FilterType>
            <FilterValue>W</FilterValue>
        </Filter>
        <Filter>
            <FilterType>Dimensions</FilterType>
            <FilterValue>8 x 10</FilterValue>
        </Filter>
        <Filter>
            <FilterType>Grade</FilterType>
             <FilterValue>A992</FilterValue>
        </Filter>
    </Filters>
    <SummaryField>Length</SummaryField>
</GetInventorySummary>

．.． 然而，如果我要转换的数组像Case B一样，我想要返回的是:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<GetInventorySummary>
    <Filters>
        <Filter>
            <foo>bar</foo>
            <bar>foo</bar>
        </Filter>
    </Filters>
    <SummaryField>Length</SummaryField>
</GetInventorySummary>

当然，这是一个更好的选择。

<?php
$arr = array(1,2,3,4);
$isIndexed = array_values($arr) === $arr;