基本数据库命名约定(和样式)(点击这里查看更详细的描述)

表名 选择简短、明确的名字，不要超过一两个单词 容易区分表 方便唯一字段名的命名以及查找和链接表 给表取单数名，而不是复数名(更新:我仍然同意这种惯例的原因，但大多数人真的喜欢复数表名，所以我的立场软化了)…请点击上面的链接

请参阅ISO 11179-5:命名和识别原则 你可以在这里获得:http://metadata-standards.org/11179/#11179-5

我之前写过一篇博文:ISO-11179命名约定

我认为这些问题的最佳答案将由您和您的团队给出。有一个命名约定比命名约定的具体方式重要得多。

因为这个问题没有正确答案，你应该花点时间(但不要太多)选择你自己的习惯——这是重要的部分——坚持它。

当然，寻求一些关于标准的信息是很好的，这就是你要问的，但不要因为你可能得到的不同答案的数量而焦虑或担心:选择一个对你来说更好的答案。

以防万一，以下是我的答案:

是的。表是一组记录，老师或演员，所以…复数。 是的。 我不用它们。 我经常使用的数据库——Firebird——所有内容都是大写的，所以没关系。不管怎样，当我在编程时，我以一种更容易阅读的方式写名字，比如releaseYear。

SELECT 
   UserID, FirstName, MiddleInitial, LastName
FROM Users
ORDER BY LastName

这里的回答有点晚，但简而言之:

复数表名:我的偏好是复数 单个列名:是的 前缀表或列:

表:*通常*没有前缀是最好的。 列:没有。

在命名项时使用任何大小写:表和列都使用PascalCase。

细化:

(1)你必须做什么。很少有事情是你每次都必须以某种方式去做的，但还是有一些。

Name your primary keys using "[singularOfTableName]ID" format. That is, whether your table name is Customer or Customers, the primary key should be CustomerID. Further, foreign keys must be named consistently in different tables. It should be legal to beat up someone who does not do this. I would submit that while defined foreign key constraints are often important, consistent foreign key naming is always important You database must have internal conventions. Even though in later sections you'll see me being very flexible, within a database naming must be very consistent . Whether your table for customers is called Customers or Customer is less important than that you do it the same way throughout the same database. And you can flip a coin to determine how to use underscores, but then you must keep using them the same way. If you don't do this, you are a bad person who should have low self-esteem.

你可能应该做的事。

Fields representing the same kind of data on different tables should be named the same. Don't have Zip on one table and ZipCode on another. To separate words in your table or column names, use PascalCasing. Using camelCasing would not be intrinsically problematic, but that's not the convention and it would look funny. I'll address underscores in a moment. (You may not use ALLCAPS as in the olden days. OBNOXIOUSTABLE.ANNOYING_COLUMN was okay in DB2 20 years ago, but not now.) Don't artifically shorten or abbreviate words. It is better for a name to be long and clear than short and confusing. Ultra-short names is a holdover from darker, more savage times. Cus_AddRef. What on earth is that? Custodial Addressee Reference? Customer Additional Refund? Custom Address Referral?

(3)你应该考虑什么。

I really think you should have plural names for tables; some think singular. Read the arguments elsewhere. Column names should be singular however. Even if you use plural table names, tables that represent combinations of other tables might be in the singular. For example, if you have a Promotions and an Items table, a table representing an item being a part of a promotion could be Promotions_Items, but it could also legitimately be Promotion_Items I think (reflecting the one-to-many relationship). Use underscores consistently and for a particular purpose. Just general tables names should be clear enough with PascalCasing; you don't need underscores to separate words. Save underscores either (a) to indicate an associative table or (b) for prefixing, which I'll address in the next bullet. Prefixing is neither good or bad. It usually is not best. In your first db or two, I would not suggest using prefixes for general thematic grouping of tables. Tables end up not fitting your categories easily, and it can actually make it harder to find tables. With experience, you can plan and apply a prefixing scheme that does more good than harm. I worked in a db once where data tables began with tbl, config tables with ctbl, views with vew, proc's sp, and udf's fn, and a few others; it was meticulously, consistently applied so it worked out okay. The only time you NEED prefixes is when you have really separate solutions that for some reason reside in the same db; prefixing them can be very helpful in grouping the tables. Prefixing is also okay for special situations, like for temporary tables that you want to stand out. Very seldom (if ever) would you want to prefix columns.

在我看来:

表名应该是复数形式。 列名应该是单数。 不。 对于表名和列名，可以选择CamelCase(我的首选)或underscore_separated。

然而，就像上面提到的，任何约定都比没有约定好。无论您选择如何做，都要记录它，以便将来的修改遵循相同的约定。