以下是对我有效的方法:

首先创建新分支: Git推送github newname:refs/heads/newname 在GitHub网站上，进入设置并将默认分支更改为newname 删除oldname Git推送github——删除旧名

下载Atlassian Sourcetree(免费)。 导入存储库的本地克隆。 在侧边栏中右键单击要重命名的分支。从上下文菜单中选择“Rename branch…”，并重命名它。 推到原点。

你不用终端也能做到。您只需要用新名称创建一个分支，然后删除旧名称。

Create a branch In your repository’s branch selector, just start typing a new branch name. It’ll give you the option to create a new branch: It’ll branch off of your current context. For example, if you’re on the bugfix branch, it’ll create a new branch from bugfix instead of master. Looking at a commit or a tag instead? It’ll branch your code from that specific revision. Delete a branch You’ll also see a delete button in your repository’s Branches page: As an added bonus, it’ll also give you a link to the branch’s Pull Request, if it has one.

我只是复制和粘贴这个内容从:创建和删除分支

在GitHub端，您可以使用新的(2021年1月)“支持重命名现有分支”(受保护的分支只能由管理员重命名，见末尾)

跟随本教程:https://docs.github.com/en/github/administering-a-repository/renaming-a-branch

参见“如何在GitHub网站上重命名分支?”。

这是一个更好的方法，因为以这种方式重命名分支(在github.com上)将:

Re-target any open pull requests Update any draft releases based on the branch Move any branch protection rules that explicitly reference the old name Update the branch used to build GitHub Pages, if applicable Show a notice to repository contributors, maintainers, and admins on the repository homepage with instructions to update local copies of the repository Show a notice to contributors who git push to the old branch Redirect web requests for the old branch name to the new branch name Return a "Moved Permanently" response in API requests for the old branch name

2021年12月更新:

Restrict renaming protected branches to admins Now, only admins can rename branches that are protected by branch protection rules. GitHub allows repository collaborators to rename every branch in a repository, with the exception of the default branch. When a collaborator renames a branch, any non-wildcard branch protection rules that apply to that branch are also changed to match the branch's new name. Because only admins can modify branch protection rules, renaming of a protected branch is now limited to admin users. For more information, visit Renaming a branch and Managing a branch protection rule.

以下命令在本地重命名分支，删除远程位置上的旧分支并推送新分支，设置本地分支跟踪新的远程:

git branch -m old_branch new_branch
git push origin :old_branch
git push --set-upstream origin new_branch

这是Hazarapet Tunanyan回答的附加条件。

git branch -m old_branch new_branch         # Rename branch locally


git push origin :old_branch                 # Delete the old branch
# You might be getting an error doing the above step, skip to the next step

git push --set-upstream origin new_branch   # Push the new branch, set local branch to track the new remote

你在git push origin:old_branch时会得到一个错误，因为你试图删除的old_branch可能是默认的分支。

只需要执行另外2步，然后转到github，从设置中更改默认分支，然后你就可以执行git push origin:old_branch了。