用例

这个用例是根据提供的字符串或函数将对象数组转换为哈希映射,并将其作为哈希映射中的键来计算和使用,并将值作为对象本身。使用这种方法的常见情况是将对象数组转换为对象的哈希映射。

Code

下面是一个JavaScript小片段,用于将对象数组转换为哈希映射,以object的属性值为索引。您可以提供一个函数来动态计算散列映射的键(运行时)。

function isFunction(func) {
    return Object.prototype.toString.call(func) === '[object Function]';
}

/**
 * This function converts an array to hash map
 * @param {String | function} key describes the key to be evaluated in each object to use as key for hashmap
 * @returns Object
 * @Example 
 *      [{id:123, name:'naveen'}, {id:345, name:"kumar"}].toHashMap("id")
 *      Returns :- Object {123: Object, 345: Object}
 *
 *      [{id:123, name:'naveen'}, {id:345, name:"kumar"}].toHashMap(function(obj){return obj.id+1})
 *      Returns :- Object {124: Object, 346: Object}
 */
Array.prototype.toHashMap = function(key) {
    var _hashMap = {}, getKey = isFunction(key)?key: function(_obj){return _obj[key];};
    this.forEach(function (obj){
        _hashMap[getKey(obj)] = obj;
    });
    return _hashMap;
};

你可以在这里找到要点:将数组对象转换为HashMap。


当前回答

使用ES6 Map(非常支持),你可以尝试这样做:

Var arr = [ {key: 'foo', val: 'bar'}, {key: 'hello', val: 'world'} ]; var result = new Map(arr。Map (i => [i。键,i.val])); //当使用TypeScript时,需要指定type: // var result = arr.map((i): [string, string] => [i]。键,i.val]) //不幸的是,映射字符串化不好。这是数组形式的内容。 console.log("Result is: " + JSON.stringify([…Result])); // Map {"foo" => "bar", "hello" => "world"}

其他回答

使用ES6 Map(非常支持),你可以尝试这样做:

Var arr = [ {key: 'foo', val: 'bar'}, {key: 'hello', val: 'world'} ]; var result = new Map(arr。Map (i => [i。键,i.val])); //当使用TypeScript时,需要指定type: // var result = arr.map((i): [string, string] => [i]。键,i.val]) //不幸的是,映射字符串化不好。这是数组形式的内容。 console.log("Result is: " + JSON.stringify([…Result])); // Map {"foo" => "bar", "hello" => "world"}

你可以使用Array.prototype.reduce()和实际的JavaScript Map来代替JavaScript对象。

let keyValueObjArray = [
  { key: 'key1', val: 'val1' },
  { key: 'key2', val: 'val2' },
  { key: 'key3', val: 'val3' }
];

let keyValueMap = keyValueObjArray.reduce((mapAccumulator, obj) => {
  // either one of the following syntax works
  // mapAccumulator[obj.key] = obj.val;
  mapAccumulator.set(obj.key, obj.val);

  return mapAccumulator;
}, new Map());

console.log(keyValueMap);
console.log(keyValueMap.size);

Map和Object之间有什么不同? 以前,在Map在JavaScript中实现之前,Object一直被用作Map,因为它们的结构相似。 根据你的用例,如果你需要有有序的键,需要访问映射的大小,或者需要频繁地从映射中添加和删除,map是更可取的。

引用自MDN文档: 对象与map类似,它们都允许您将键设置为值、检索这些值、删除键以及检测是否在键处存储了某些内容。正因为如此(也因为没有内置的替代品),对象在历史上一直被用作地图;然而,在某些情况下使用Map有一些重要的区别:

The keys of an Object are Strings and Symbols, whereas they can be any value for a Map, including functions, objects, and any primitive. The keys in Map are ordered while keys added to object are not. Thus, when iterating over it, a Map object returns keys in order of insertion. You can get the size of a Map easily with the size property, while the number of properties in an Object must be determined manually. A Map is an iterable and can thus be directly iterated, whereas iterating over an Object requires obtaining its keys in some fashion and iterating over them. An Object has a prototype, so there are default keys in the map that could collide with your keys if you're not careful. As of ES5 this can be bypassed by using map = Object.create(null), but this is seldom done. A Map may perform better in scenarios involving frequent addition and removal of key pairs.

减少使用的一个小改进:

var arr = [
    { key: 'foo', val: 'bar' },
    { key: 'hello', val: 'world' }
];

var result = arr.reduce((map, obj) => ({
    ...map,
    [obj.key] = obj.val
}), {});

console.log(result);
// { foo: 'bar', hello: 'world' }

使用展开运算符:

const result = arr.reduce(
    (accumulator, target) => ({ ...accumulator, [target.key]: target.val }),
    {});

jsFiddle上的代码片段演示。

简化版似乎不起作用。我跟随。

   let map = {};
    items.forEach(v=>{
      map [v.xxx] = v;
    });