我如何能使一个HTTP POST请求和发送数据的主体?
当前回答
这是一个完整的JSON格式发送/接收数据的工作示例，我使用Visual Studio 2013 Express Edition:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Customer
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Address { get; set; }
public string Phone { get; set; }
}
public class Program
{
private static readonly HttpClient _Client = new HttpClient();
private static JavaScriptSerializer _Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Run().Wait();
}
static async Task Run()
{
string url = "http://www.example.com/api/Customer";
Customer cust = new Customer() { Name = "Example Customer", Address = "Some example address", Phone = "Some phone number" };
var json = _Serializer.Serialize(cust);
var response = await Request(HttpMethod.Post, url, json, new Dictionary<string, string>());
string responseText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
List<YourCustomClassModel> serializedResult = _Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourCustomClassModel>>(responseText);
Console.WriteLine(responseText);
Console.ReadLine();
}
/// <summary>
/// Makes an async HTTP Request
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pMethod">Those methods you know: GET, POST, HEAD, etc...</param>
/// <param name="pUrl">Very predictable...</param>
/// <param name="pJsonContent">String data to POST on the server</param>
/// <param name="pHeaders">If you use some kind of Authorization you should use this</param>
/// <returns></returns>
static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Request(HttpMethod pMethod, string pUrl, string pJsonContent, Dictionary<string, string> pHeaders)
{
var httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage();
httpRequestMessage.Method = pMethod;
httpRequestMessage.RequestUri = new Uri(pUrl);
foreach (var head in pHeaders)
{
httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(head.Key, head.Value);
}
switch (pMethod.Method)
{
case "POST":
HttpContent httpContent = new StringContent(pJsonContent, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
httpRequestMessage.Content = httpContent;
break;
}
return await _Client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage);
}
}
}
其他回答
这里有一些非常好的答案。让我发布一种不同的方法来设置你的头部与WebClient()。我还将向您展示如何设置API键。
var client = new WebClient();
string credentials = Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(userName + ":" + passWord));
client.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.Authorization] = $"Basic {credentials}";
//If you have your data stored in an object serialize it into json to pass to the webclient with Newtonsoft's JsonConvert
var encodedJson = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(newAccount);
client.Headers.Add($"x-api-key:{ApiKey}");
client.Headers.Add("Content-Type:application/json");
try
{
var response = client.UploadString($"{apiurl}", encodedJson);
//if you have a model to deserialize the json into Newtonsoft will help bind the data to the model, this is an extremely useful trick for GET calls when you have a lot of data, you can strongly type a model and dump it into an instance of that class.
Response response1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Response>(response);
到目前为止，我找到了简单的解决方案(一行程序，没有错误检查，没有等待响应):
(new WebClient()).UploadStringAsync(new Uri(Address), dataString);
请谨慎使用!
这是一个完整的JSON格式发送/接收数据的工作示例，我使用Visual Studio 2013 Express Edition:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Customer
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Address { get; set; }
public string Phone { get; set; }
}
public class Program
{
private static readonly HttpClient _Client = new HttpClient();
private static JavaScriptSerializer _Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Run().Wait();
}
static async Task Run()
{
string url = "http://www.example.com/api/Customer";
Customer cust = new Customer() { Name = "Example Customer", Address = "Some example address", Phone = "Some phone number" };
var json = _Serializer.Serialize(cust);
var response = await Request(HttpMethod.Post, url, json, new Dictionary<string, string>());
string responseText = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
List<YourCustomClassModel> serializedResult = _Serializer.Deserialize<List<YourCustomClassModel>>(responseText);
Console.WriteLine(responseText);
Console.ReadLine();
}
/// <summary>
/// Makes an async HTTP Request
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pMethod">Those methods you know: GET, POST, HEAD, etc...</param>
/// <param name="pUrl">Very predictable...</param>
/// <param name="pJsonContent">String data to POST on the server</param>
/// <param name="pHeaders">If you use some kind of Authorization you should use this</param>
/// <returns></returns>
static async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Request(HttpMethod pMethod, string pUrl, string pJsonContent, Dictionary<string, string> pHeaders)
{
var httpRequestMessage = new HttpRequestMessage();
httpRequestMessage.Method = pMethod;
httpRequestMessage.RequestUri = new Uri(pUrl);
foreach (var head in pHeaders)
{
httpRequestMessage.Headers.Add(head.Key, head.Value);
}
switch (pMethod.Method)
{
case "POST":
HttpContent httpContent = new StringContent(pJsonContent, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");
httpRequestMessage.Content = httpContent;
break;
}
return await _Client.SendAsync(httpRequestMessage);
}
}
}
简单的GET请求
using System.Net;
...
using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
var response = wb.DownloadString(url);
}
简单的POST请求
using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
...
using (var wb = new WebClient())
{
var data = new NameValueCollection();
data["username"] = "myUser";
data["password"] = "myPassword";
var response = wb.UploadValues(url, "POST", data);
string responseInString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(response);
}
执行HTTP GET和POST请求有几种方法:
方法A: HttpClient(首选)
支持。net Framework 4.5+， . net Standard 1.1+， . net Core 1.0+。
它是目前首选的方法，并且是异步的和高性能的。在大多数情况下使用内置版本，但对于非常老的平台，有一个NuGet包。
using System.Net.Http;
设置
建议为应用程序的生命周期实例化一个HttpClient并共享它，除非您有特定的理由不这样做。
private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
请参阅HttpClientFactory以获得依赖注入解决方案。
帖子 var values = new Dictionary<string, string> ｛ {"thing1"， "hello"}， {"thing2"， "world"} }; var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values); var response = await client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"， content); var responseString =等待response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync(); 得到 var responseString = await client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
方法B:第三方库
休息夏普
帖子 var client = new RestClient("http://example.com"); / /客户端。Authenticator =新的HttpBasicAuthenticator(用户名，密码); var request = new RestRequest("resource/{id}"); 请求。AddParameter(“thing1”、“你好”); 请求。AddParameter(“事件”、“世界”); 请求。AddHeader(“标题”、“价值”); 请求。AddFile(“文件”,路径); var response = client.Post(请求); var content = response.Content;//原始内容为字符串 var response2 = client.Post<Person>(request); var name = response2.Data.Name;
Flurl。Http
它是一个更新的库，拥有一个流畅的API，测试助手，在底层使用HttpClient，并且是可移植的。它可以通过NuGet获得。
using Flurl.Http;
帖子 var responseString = await“http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx” .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new {thing1 = "hello"， thing2 = "world"}) .ReceiveString (); 得到 var responseString = await“http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx” .GetStringAsync ();
方法C: HttpWebRequest(不推荐用于新工作)
支持。net Framework 1.1+， . net Standard 2.0+， . net Core 1.0+。在。net Core中，它主要是为了兼容性——它包装了HttpClient，性能较差，并且不会获得新的特性。
using System.Net;
using System.Text; // For class Encoding
using System.IO; // For StreamReader
发布 var request = （HttpWebRequest）WebRequest.Create（“http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx”）; var postData = “thing1=” + Uri.EscapeDataString（“hello”）; postData += “&thing2=” + Uri.EscapeDataString（“world”）; var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes（postData）; 请求。方法 =“开机自检”; 请求。ContentType = “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”; 请求。内容长度 = 数据。长度; 使用 （var 流 = 请求。GetRequestStream（）） { 流。写入（数据， 0， 数据.长度）; } var response = （HttpWebResponse）request.获取响应（）; var responseString = new StreamReader（response.GetResponseStream（））。ReadToEnd（）; 获取 var request = （HttpWebRequest）WebRequest.Create（“http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx”）; var response = （HttpWebResponse）request.获取响应（）; var responseString = new StreamReader（response.GetResponseStream（））。ReadToEnd（）;
方法D: WebClient(不推荐新作品)
这是一个HttpWebRequest的包装器。与HttpClient比较。
支持。NET Framework 1.1+， NET Standard 2.0+和。NET Core 2.0+。
在某些情况下…NET Framework 4.5-4.8)，如果你需要同步地做一个HTTP请求，WebClient仍然可以使用。
using System.Net;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
帖子 使用(var client = new WebClient()) ｛ var values = new NameValueCollection(); 值["thing1"] = "hello"; Values ["thing2"] = "world"; var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"， values); var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response); } 得到 使用(var client = new WebClient()) ｛ var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"); }
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