是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
如果数组不是简单类型,则可以采用上面的答案之一:
Array.prototype.diff = function(a) {
return this.filter(function(i) {return a.map(function(e) { return JSON.stringify(e); }).indexOf(JSON.stringify(i)) < 0;});
};
这种方法适用于复杂对象的数组。
其他回答
这是受到了思想者接受的答案的启发,但是思想者的答案似乎假设数组是集合。如果数组是["1","2"]和["1","1","2","2"],它就不成立了
这些数组之间的差值是["1","2"]。下面的解决方案是O(n*n),所以不理想,但如果您有大数组,它也比思想者的解决方案具有内存优势。
如果你首先处理的是集合,思想者的解决方案肯定更好。如果你有一个可以访问过滤器的Javascript新版本,你也应该使用它们。这只适用于那些不处理集的人,并且正在使用旧版本的JavaScript(无论出于什么原因)…
if (!Array.prototype.diff) {
Array.prototype.diff = function (array) {
// if the other array is a falsy value, return a copy of this array
if ((!array) || (!Array.prototype.isPrototypeOf(array))) {
return this.slice(0);
}
var diff = [];
var original = this.slice(0);
for(var i=0; i < array.length; ++i) {
var index = original.indexOf(array[i]);
if (index > -1) {
original.splice(index, 1);
} else {
diff.push(array[i]);
}
}
for (var i=0; i < original.length; ++i) {
diff.push(original[i]);
}
return diff;
}
}
非常简单的解决方案与JavaScript的过滤器功能:
Var a1 = ['a', 'b']; Var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']; (arr1, arr2) { var newArr = []; var myArr = ar1 .concat(arr2); newArr = myArr.filter(函数(项){ return arr2.indexOf(item) < 0 || arr1.indexOf(item) < 0; }); 警报(newArr); } diffArray (a1, a2);
function diff(arr1, arr2) {
var filteredArr1 = arr1.filter(function(ele) {
return arr2.indexOf(ele) == -1;
});
var filteredArr2 = arr2.filter(function(ele) {
return arr1.indexOf(ele) == -1;
});
return filteredArr1.concat(filteredArr2);
}
diff([1, "calf", 3, "piglet"], [1, "calf", 3, 4]); // Log ["piglet",4]
为了获得对称差异,您需要以两种方式比较数组(或在多个数组的情况下以所有方式比较)
ES7 (ECMAScript 2016)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => !b.includes(x)),
...b.filter(x => !a.includes(x))
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => !unique.includes(x));
}));
}
ES6(2015年ECMAScript)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => b.indexOf(x) === -1),
...b.filter(x => a.indexOf(x) === -1)
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1);
}));
}
ES5 (ECMAScript 5.1)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var other = i === 1 ? a : b;
arr.forEach(function(x) {
if (other.indexOf(x) === -1) {
diff.push(x);
}
});
})
return diff;
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff() {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
var otherValues = Array.prototype.concat.apply([], others);
var unique = otherValues.filter(function (x, j) {
return otherValues.indexOf(x) === j;
});
diff = diff.concat(arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1));
});
return diff;
}
例子:
// diff between two arrays:
const a = ['a', 'd', 'e'];
const b = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
arrayDiff(a, b); // (3) ["e", "b", "c"]
// diff between multiple arrays
const a = ['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'g'];
const b = ['a', 'b'];
const c = ['a', 'e', 'f'];
arrayDiff(a, b, c); // (4) ["c", "d", "g", "f"]
对象数组之间的差异
function arrayDiffByKey(key, ...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter( x =>
!unique.some(y => x[key] === y[key])
);
}));
}
例子:
const a = [{k:1}, {k:2}, {k:3}];
const b = [{k:1}, {k:4}, {k:5}, {k:6}];
const c = [{k:3}, {k:5}, {k:7}];
arrayDiffByKey('k', a, b, c); // (4) [{k:2}, {k:4}, {k:6}, {k:7}]
我同意@luis-sieira的解决方案
我创建了位自解释函数,便于初学者一步一步理解:
function difference(oneArr, twoArr){
var newArr = [];
newArr = oneArr.filter((item)=>{
return !twoArr.includes(item)
});
console.log(newArr)
let arr = twoArr.filter((item)=>{
return !oneArr.includes(item)
});
newArr = newArr.concat(arr);
console.log(newArr)
}
difference([1, 2, 3, 5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])