我喜欢巧克力之后的方法，就像匿名懦夫的回答，因为这是一个纯粹的批量处理方法。但是，它会留下一个临时文件和一些临时变量。我给自己做了一个更干净的版本。

在路径的某个地方创建一个文件refreshv .bat。通过执行refreshEnv来刷新控制台环境。

@ECHO OFF
REM Source found on https://github.com/DieterDePaepe/windows-scripts
REM Please share any improvements made!

REM Code inspired by http://stackoverflow.com/questions/171588/is-there-a-command-to-refresh-environment-variables-from-the-command-prompt-in-w

IF [%1]==[/?] GOTO :help
IF [%1]==[/help] GOTO :help
IF [%1]==[--help] GOTO :help
IF [%1]==[] GOTO :main

ECHO Unknown command: %1
EXIT /b 1 

:help
ECHO Refresh the environment variables in the console.
ECHO.
ECHO   refreshEnv       Refresh all environment variables.
ECHO   refreshEnv /?        Display this help.
GOTO :EOF

:main
REM Because the environment variables may refer to other variables, we need a 2-step approach.
REM One option is to use delayed variable evaluation, but this forces use of SETLOCAL and
REM may pose problems for files with an '!' in the name.
REM The option used here is to create a temporary batch file that will define all the variables.

REM Check to make sure we don't overwrite an actual file.
IF EXIST %TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat (
  ECHO Environment refresh failed!
  ECHO.
  ECHO This script uses a temporary file "%TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat", which already exists. The script was aborted in order to prevent accidental data loss. Delete this file to enable this script.
  EXIT /b 1
)

REM Read the system environment variables from the registry.
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1,2,* skip=2" %%I IN (`REG QUERY "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment"`) DO (
  REM /I -> ignore casing, since PATH may also be called Path
  IF /I NOT [%%I]==[PATH] (
    ECHO SET %%I=%%K>>%TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat
  )
)

REM Read the user environment variables from the registry.
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1,2,* skip=2" %%I IN (`REG QUERY HKCU\Environment`) DO (
  REM /I -> ignore casing, since PATH may also be called Path
  IF /I NOT [%%I]==[PATH] (
    ECHO SET %%I=%%K>>%TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat
  )
)

REM PATH is a special variable: it is automatically merged based on the values in the
REM system and user variables.
REM Read the PATH variable from the system and user environment variables.
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1,2,* skip=2" %%I IN (`REG QUERY "HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" /v PATH`) DO (
  ECHO SET PATH=%%K>>%TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat
)
FOR /F "usebackq tokens=1,2,* skip=2" %%I IN (`REG QUERY HKCU\Environment /v PATH`) DO (
  ECHO SET PATH=%%PATH%%;%%K>>%TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat
)

REM Load the variable definitions from our temporary file.
CALL %TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat

REM Clean up after ourselves.
DEL /Q %TEMP%\__refreshEnvironment.bat

ECHO Environment successfully refreshed.

这适用于windows 7: SET PATH=%PATH%

通过输入echo %PATH%测试，它工作正常。也设置如果你打开一个新的cmd，不需要那些讨厌的重新启动:)

重新启动资源管理器为我做到了这一点，但只对新的cmd终端。

我设置路径的终端已经可以看到新的path变量了(在Windows 7中)。

taskkill /f /im explorer.exe && explorer.exe

在Windows 7/8/10上，你可以安装Chocolatey，它有一个内置的脚本。

安装Chocolatey后，只需输入RefreshEnv.cmd。

令人困惑的事情可能是，有几个地方可以启动cmd。 在我的情况下，我从windows资源管理器运行cmd，环境变量没有改变，而当从“运行”(windows键+ r)开始cmd时，环境变量被改变了。

在我的情况下，我只需要从任务管理器中杀死windows资源管理器进程，然后从任务管理器中重新启动它。

一旦我这样做了，我就可以从windows资源管理器衍生的cmd中访问新的环境变量。

就像凯文说的，没有捷径可走。在大多数情况下，生成另一个CMD框更简单。更令人恼火的是，正在运行的程序也不知道这些变化(尽管IIRC可能有一个广播消息来查看此类变化的通知)。

更糟糕的是:在旧版本的Windows中，你必须先注销，然后再重新登录，才能考虑到这些变化……