显示没有/的文件夹列表:

ls -d */|sed 's|[/]||g'

*/是一个匹配当前目录中所有子目录的模式(*将匹配所有文件和子目录;/将其限制为目录)。类似地，要列出/home/alice/Documents下的所有子目录，请使用ls -d /home/alice/Documents/*/

我用以下方法部分解决了这个问题:

cd "/path/to/pricipal/folder"

for i in $(ls -d .*/); do sudo ln -s "$PWD"/${i%%/} /home/inukaze/${i%%/}; done

    ln: «/home/inukaze/./.»: can't overwrite a directory
    ln: «/home/inukaze/../..»: can't overwrite a directory
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.config»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.disruptive»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/innovations»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/sarl»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.e_old»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.gnome2_private»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.gvfs»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.kde»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.local»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.xVideoServiceThief»: too much symbolics links levels

好吧，这对我来说是主要的部分:)

下面是我只列出目录名的方法:

ls -1d /some/folder/*/ | awk -F "/" "{print \$(NF-1)}"

对于所有没有子文件夹的文件夹:

find /home/alice/Documents -maxdepth 1 -type d

对于所有带子文件夹的文件夹:

find /home/alice/Documents -type d

再加上一个完整的循环，检索每个文件夹的路径，使用Albert的答案和Gordans的组合。这应该很有用。

for i in $(ls -d /pathto/parent/folder/*/); do echo ${i%%/}; done

输出:

/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder1/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder2/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder3/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder4/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder5/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder6/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder7/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder8/