如果你不太担心浏览器的支持，有一种方法可以在事件调用的函数中重新绑定'this'引用。它通常指向在函数执行时生成事件的元素，这并不总是您想要的。棘手的部分是同时能够删除相同的事件侦听器，如本例所示:http://jsfiddle.net/roenbaeck/vBYu3/

/*
    Testing that the function returned from bind is rereferenceable, 
    such that it can be added and removed as an event listener.
*/
function MyImportantCalloutToYou(message, otherMessage) {
    // the following is necessary as calling bind again does 
    // not return the same function, so instead we replace the 
    // original function with the one bound to this instance
    this.swap = this.swap.bind(this); 
    this.element = document.createElement('div');
    this.element.addEventListener('click', this.swap, false);
    document.body.appendChild(this.element);
}
MyImportantCalloutToYou.prototype = {
    element: null,
    swap: function() {
        // now this function can be properly removed 
        this.element.removeEventListener('click', this.swap, false);           
    }
}

上面的代码在Chrome上运行得很好，并且可能有一些关于“绑定”与其他浏览器兼容的问题。

据我所知，DOM“加载”事件仍然只发挥非常有限的作用。这意味着它只会触发窗口对象，图像和<script>元素。直接onload赋值也是如此。这两者在技术上没有区别。也许.onload =具有更好的跨浏览器可用性。

但是，您不能将加载事件分配给<div>或<span>元素等。

在这个回答中，我将描述定义DOM事件处理程序的三种方法。

element.addEventListener（）

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。addEventListener('click'， event => event. preventdefault ()， true); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

addeventlistener()有多个优点:

Allows you to register unlimited events handlers and remove them with element.removeEventListener(). Has useCapture parameter, which indicates whether you'd like to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase. See: Unable to understand useCapture attribute in addEventListener. Cares about semantics. Basically, it makes registering event handlers more explicit. For a beginner, a function call makes it obvious that something happens, whereas assigning event to some property of DOM element is at least not intuitive. Allows you to separate document structure (HTML) and logic (JavaScript). In tiny web applications it may not seem to matter, but it does matter with any bigger project. It's way much easier to maintain a project which separates structure and logic than a project which doesn't. Eliminates confusion with correct event names. Due to using inline event listeners or assigning event listeners to .onevent properties of DOM elements, lots of inexperienced JavaScript programmers thinks that the event name is for example onclick or onload. on is not a part of event name. Correct event names are click and load, and that's how event names are passed to .addEventListener(). Works in almost all browser. If you still have to support IE <= 8, you can use a polyfill from MDN.

元素。Onevent = function(){}(例如onclick, onload)

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。onclick = event => event. preventdefault (); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

这是在DOM 0中注册事件处理程序的一种方法。现在不鼓励这样做，因为:

Allows you to register only one event handler. Also removing the assigned handler is not intuitive, because to remove event handler assigned using this method, you have to revert onevent property back to its initial state (i.e. null). Doesn't respond to errors appropriately. For example, if you by mistake assign a string to window.onload, for example: window.onload = "test";, it won't throw any errors. Your code wouldn't work and it would be really hard to find out why. .addEventListener() however, would throw error (at least in Firefox): TypeError: Argument 2 of EventTarget.addEventListener is not an object. Doesn't provide a way to choose if you want to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase.

内联事件处理程序(onevent HTML属性)

代码示例:

<a href="//google.com" onclick="event.preventDefault();>试着点击这个链接

类似于element。Onevent，现在不鼓励了。除了那个元素的问题。Onevent有，它:

Is a potential security issue, because it makes XSS much more harmful. Nowadays websites should send proper Content-Security-Policy HTTP header to block inline scripts and allow external scripts only from trusted domains. See How does Content Security Policy work? Doesn't separate document structure and logic. If you generate your page with a server-side script, and for example you generate a hundred links, each with the same inline event handler, your code would be much longer than if the event handler was defined only once. That means the client would have to download more content, and in result your website would be slower.

另请参阅

EventTarget.addEventListener()文档(MDN) EventTarget.removeEventListener()文档(MDN) onclick vs addEventListener Dom-events标记wiki

使用内联处理程序与内容安全策略不兼容，因此addEventListener方法从这个角度来看更安全。当然，您可以使用unsafe-inline来启用内联处理程序，但是，顾名思义，它并不安全，因为它会带来CSP阻止的大量JavaScript漏洞。

“this”关键字在JavasSript中引用的上下文是不同的。

请看下面的代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <title></title>

</head>
<body>
    <input id="btnSubmit" type="button" value="Submit" />
    <script>
        function disable() {
            this.disabled = true;
        }
        var btnSubmit = document.getElementById('btnSubmit');
        btnSubmit.onclick = disable();
        //btnSubmit.addEventListener('click', disable, false);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

它的功能非常简单。当您点击该按钮时，该按钮将自动禁用。

首先，当您尝试以这种方式按钮连接事件时。Onclick = function()， 点击按钮会触发Onclick事件，但是，按钮不会被禁用，因为按钮之间没有显式的绑定。Onclick和Onclick事件处理器。如果你调试看到'this'对象，你可以看到它指向'window'对象。

其次，如果你评论btnSubmit。Onclick =禁用();和取消 / / btnSubmit。addEventListener('点击'，禁用，false);您可以看到按钮是禁用的，因为通过这种方式，按钮之间有显式绑定。点击事件和点击事件处理程序。如果你调试为禁用功能，你可以看到“this”指的是按钮控件而不是窗口。

这是我不喜欢JavaScript不一致的地方。 顺便说一句，如果你使用jQuery($('#btnSubmit')。On ('click'， disable);)，它使用显式绑定。

简介:

addEventListener可以添加多个事件，而onclick则不能这样做。 onclick可以作为HTML属性添加，而addEventListener只能添加在<script>元素中。 addEventListener可以接受第三个参数，该参数可以停止事件传播。

两者都可用于处理事件。然而，addEventListener应该是首选的选择，因为它可以做onclick做的所有事情，甚至更多。不要使用内联onclick作为HTML属性，因为这会混淆javascript和HTML，这是一个坏的做法。它使代码更难维护。