也可以通过对侦听器进行原型化(如果我们有对它的引用，而且它不是匿名函数)来扩展侦听器，或者使onclick调用成为对函数库的调用(函数调用其他函数)。

如:

elm.onclick = myFunctionList;
function myFunctionList(){
    myFunc1();
    myFunc2();
}

这意味着我们永远不需要改变onclick调用，只需要改变myFunctionList()函数来做任何我们想做的事情，但这让我们无法控制冒泡/捕获阶段，所以应该避免在新浏览器中使用。

一个细节还没有被注意到:现代桌面浏览器将不同的按钮按下视为AddEventListener的“单击”(默认为“单击”和“onclick”)。

在Chrome 42和IE11上，onclick和AddEventListener都单击左边的fire和中间的click。 在Firefox 38上，onclick只在左键点击时触发，但AddEventListener点击在左、中、右击时触发。

此外，当使用滚动游标时，中键点击行为在浏览器中非常不一致:

在Firefox上，中键单击事件总是会触发。 在Chrome浏览器上，如果中间点击打开或关闭滚动光标，它们不会触发。 在IE上，它们会在滚动光标关闭时触发，但不会在打开时触发。

同样值得注意的是，任何键盘可选择的HTML元素(如input)的“click”事件也会在元素被选中时触发空格或enter。

据我所知，DOM“加载”事件仍然只发挥非常有限的作用。这意味着它只会触发窗口对象，图像和<script>元素。直接onload赋值也是如此。这两者在技术上没有区别。也许.onload =具有更好的跨浏览器可用性。

但是，您不能将加载事件分配给<div>或<span>元素等。

在这个回答中，我将描述定义DOM事件处理程序的三种方法。

element.addEventListener（）

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。addEventListener('click'， event => event. preventdefault ()， true); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

addeventlistener()有多个优点:

Allows you to register unlimited events handlers and remove them with element.removeEventListener(). Has useCapture parameter, which indicates whether you'd like to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase. See: Unable to understand useCapture attribute in addEventListener. Cares about semantics. Basically, it makes registering event handlers more explicit. For a beginner, a function call makes it obvious that something happens, whereas assigning event to some property of DOM element is at least not intuitive. Allows you to separate document structure (HTML) and logic (JavaScript). In tiny web applications it may not seem to matter, but it does matter with any bigger project. It's way much easier to maintain a project which separates structure and logic than a project which doesn't. Eliminates confusion with correct event names. Due to using inline event listeners or assigning event listeners to .onevent properties of DOM elements, lots of inexperienced JavaScript programmers thinks that the event name is for example onclick or onload. on is not a part of event name. Correct event names are click and load, and that's how event names are passed to .addEventListener(). Works in almost all browser. If you still have to support IE <= 8, you can use a polyfill from MDN.

元素。Onevent = function(){}(例如onclick, onload)

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。onclick = event => event. preventdefault (); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

这是在DOM 0中注册事件处理程序的一种方法。现在不鼓励这样做，因为:

Allows you to register only one event handler. Also removing the assigned handler is not intuitive, because to remove event handler assigned using this method, you have to revert onevent property back to its initial state (i.e. null). Doesn't respond to errors appropriately. For example, if you by mistake assign a string to window.onload, for example: window.onload = "test";, it won't throw any errors. Your code wouldn't work and it would be really hard to find out why. .addEventListener() however, would throw error (at least in Firefox): TypeError: Argument 2 of EventTarget.addEventListener is not an object. Doesn't provide a way to choose if you want to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase.

内联事件处理程序(onevent HTML属性)

代码示例:

<a href="//google.com" onclick="event.preventDefault();>试着点击这个链接

类似于element。Onevent，现在不鼓励了。除了那个元素的问题。Onevent有，它:

Is a potential security issue, because it makes XSS much more harmful. Nowadays websites should send proper Content-Security-Policy HTTP header to block inline scripts and allow external scripts only from trusted domains. See How does Content Security Policy work? Doesn't separate document structure and logic. If you generate your page with a server-side script, and for example you generate a hundred links, each with the same inline event handler, your code would be much longer than if the event handler was defined only once. That means the client would have to download more content, and in result your website would be slower.

另请参阅

EventTarget.addEventListener()文档(MDN) EventTarget.removeEventListener()文档(MDN) onclick vs addEventListener Dom-events标记wiki

如果你有另外两个函数，你可以看到区别:

var h = document.getElementById('a');
h.onclick = doThing_1;
h.onclick = doThing_2;

h.addEventListener('click', doThing_3);
h.addEventListener('click', doThing_4);

函数2、3和4可以工作，但函数1不行。这是因为addEventListener不会覆盖现有的事件处理程序，而onclick会覆盖任何现有的onclick = fn事件处理程序。

当然，另一个重要的区别是onclick总是可以工作，而addEventListener在版本9之前的ie中不能工作。你可以在IE <9中使用类似的attachEvent(语法略有不同)。

“this”关键字在JavasSript中引用的上下文是不同的。

请看下面的代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <title></title>

</head>
<body>
    <input id="btnSubmit" type="button" value="Submit" />
    <script>
        function disable() {
            this.disabled = true;
        }
        var btnSubmit = document.getElementById('btnSubmit');
        btnSubmit.onclick = disable();
        //btnSubmit.addEventListener('click', disable, false);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

它的功能非常简单。当您点击该按钮时，该按钮将自动禁用。

首先，当您尝试以这种方式按钮连接事件时。Onclick = function()， 点击按钮会触发Onclick事件，但是，按钮不会被禁用，因为按钮之间没有显式的绑定。Onclick和Onclick事件处理器。如果你调试看到'this'对象，你可以看到它指向'window'对象。

其次，如果你评论btnSubmit。Onclick =禁用();和取消 / / btnSubmit。addEventListener('点击'，禁用，false);您可以看到按钮是禁用的，因为通过这种方式，按钮之间有显式绑定。点击事件和点击事件处理程序。如果你调试为禁用功能，你可以看到“this”指的是按钮控件而不是窗口。

这是我不喜欢JavaScript不一致的地方。 顺便说一句，如果你使用jQuery($('#btnSubmit')。On ('click'， disable);)，它使用显式绑定。