在我的Visual Studio代码中，addEventListener对事件有真实的智能感知

但onclick没有，只有假的

在我的Visual Studio代码中，addEventListener对事件有真实的智能感知

但onclick没有，只有假的

也可以通过对侦听器进行原型化(如果我们有对它的引用，而且它不是匿名函数)来扩展侦听器，或者使onclick调用成为对函数库的调用(函数调用其他函数)。

如:

elm.onclick = myFunctionList;
function myFunctionList(){
    myFunc1();
    myFunc2();
}

这意味着我们永远不需要改变onclick调用，只需要改变myFunctionList()函数来做任何我们想做的事情，但这让我们无法控制冒泡/捕获阶段，所以应该避免在新浏览器中使用。

虽然onclick可以在所有浏览器中工作，但addEventListener不能在旧版本的Internet Explorer中工作，后者使用attachEvent代替。

onclick的缺点是只能有一个事件处理程序，而其他两个将触发所有注册的回调。

根据MDN，差异如下:

addEventListener:

EventTarget.addEventListener()方法添加指定的 对象的事件侦听器列表中的 在调用它的EventTarget上指定的事件类型。的 事件目标可以是文档中的一个元素，文档本身，一个 窗口或任何其他支持事件的对象(例如 XMLHttpRequest)。

onclick:

属性上的单击事件处理程序代码 当前元素。当使用click事件触发操作时，也是如此 考虑将相同的操作添加到keydown事件，以允许 不使用鼠标或触摸的人使用相同的动作 屏幕上。语法元素。onclick = functionRef;where functionRef是a 函数——通常是在别处声明的函数名或函数名 表达式。详见“JavaScript指南:函数”。

在使用中也有语法差异，你可以在下面的代码中看到: addEventListener:

// Function to change the content of t2
function modifyText() {
  var t2 = document.getElementById("t2");
  if (t2.firstChild.nodeValue == "three") {
    t2.firstChild.nodeValue = "two";
  } else {
    t2.firstChild.nodeValue = "three";
  }
}

// add event listener to table
var el = document.getElementById("outside");
el.addEventListener("click", modifyText, false);

onclick:

function initElement() {
    var p = document.getElementById("foo");
    // NOTE: showAlert(); or showAlert(param); will NOT work here.
    // Must be a reference to a function name, not a function call.
    p.onclick = showAlert;
};

function showAlert(event) {
    alert("onclick Event detected!");
}

在这个回答中，我将描述定义DOM事件处理程序的三种方法。

element.addEventListener（）

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。addEventListener('click'， event => event. preventdefault ()， true); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

addeventlistener()有多个优点:

Allows you to register unlimited events handlers and remove them with element.removeEventListener(). Has useCapture parameter, which indicates whether you'd like to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase. See: Unable to understand useCapture attribute in addEventListener. Cares about semantics. Basically, it makes registering event handlers more explicit. For a beginner, a function call makes it obvious that something happens, whereas assigning event to some property of DOM element is at least not intuitive. Allows you to separate document structure (HTML) and logic (JavaScript). In tiny web applications it may not seem to matter, but it does matter with any bigger project. It's way much easier to maintain a project which separates structure and logic than a project which doesn't. Eliminates confusion with correct event names. Due to using inline event listeners or assigning event listeners to .onevent properties of DOM elements, lots of inexperienced JavaScript programmers thinks that the event name is for example onclick or onload. on is not a part of event name. Correct event names are click and load, and that's how event names are passed to .addEventListener(). Works in almost all browser. If you still have to support IE <= 8, you can use a polyfill from MDN.

元素。Onevent = function(){}(例如onclick, onload)

代码示例:

const element = document.querySelector('a'); 元素。onclick = event => event. preventdefault (); <a href="//google.com">试着点击这个链接

这是在DOM 0中注册事件处理程序的一种方法。现在不鼓励这样做，因为:

Allows you to register only one event handler. Also removing the assigned handler is not intuitive, because to remove event handler assigned using this method, you have to revert onevent property back to its initial state (i.e. null). Doesn't respond to errors appropriately. For example, if you by mistake assign a string to window.onload, for example: window.onload = "test";, it won't throw any errors. Your code wouldn't work and it would be really hard to find out why. .addEventListener() however, would throw error (at least in Firefox): TypeError: Argument 2 of EventTarget.addEventListener is not an object. Doesn't provide a way to choose if you want to handle event in its capturing or bubbling phase.

内联事件处理程序(onevent HTML属性)

代码示例:

<a href="//google.com" onclick="event.preventDefault();>试着点击这个链接

类似于element。Onevent，现在不鼓励了。除了那个元素的问题。Onevent有，它:

Is a potential security issue, because it makes XSS much more harmful. Nowadays websites should send proper Content-Security-Policy HTTP header to block inline scripts and allow external scripts only from trusted domains. See How does Content Security Policy work? Doesn't separate document structure and logic. If you generate your page with a server-side script, and for example you generate a hundred links, each with the same inline event handler, your code would be much longer than if the event handler was defined only once. That means the client would have to download more content, and in result your website would be slower.

另请参阅

EventTarget.addEventListener()文档(MDN) EventTarget.removeEventListener()文档(MDN) onclick vs addEventListener Dom-events标记wiki