HTML5最佳实践;部分/头/ /条元素

网络上有足够多关于HTML5的信息(stackoverflow上也有)，但现在我对“最佳实践”很好奇。像section/headers/article这样的标签是新的，每个人都有不同的意见，关于何时/何处应该使用这些标签。你们觉得下面的布局和代码怎么样?

  1  <!doctype html>
  2      <head>
  3          <title>Website</title>
  4      </head>
  5  
  6      <body>
  7          <section>
  8              <header>
  9                  <div id="logo"></div>
 10                  <div id="language"></div>
 11              </header>
 12  
 13              <nav>
 14                  <ul>
 15                      <li>menu 1</li>
 16                      <li>menu 2</li>
 17                      <li>menu 3</li>
 18                      <li>menu 4</li>
 19                      <li>menu 5</li>
 20                  </ul>
 21              </nav>
 22  
 23              <div id="main">
 24                  <div id="main-left">
 25                      <article>
 26                          <header><h1>This is a title</h1></header>
 27  
 28                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
 29                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, leo eget</p>
 30  
 31                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
 32                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, leo eget</p>
 33  
 34                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
 35                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, leo eget</p>
 36  
 37                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
 38                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, leo eget</p>
 39                      </article>
 40                  </div>
 41  
 42                  <div id="main-right">
 43                      <section id="main-right-hot">
 44                          <h2>Hot items</h2>
 45                          <ul>
 46                              <li>Lorem ipsum</li>
 47                              <li>dolor sit</li>
 48                              <li>...</li>
 49                          </ul>
 50                      </section>
 51  
 52                      <section id="main-right-new">
 53                          <h2>New items</h2>
 54                          <ul>
 55                              <li>Lorem ipsum</li>
 56                              <li>dolor sit</li>
 57                              <li>...</li>
 58                          </ul>
 59                      </section>
 60                  </div>
 61              </div>
 62  
 63              <div id="news-items">
 64                  <header><h2>The latest news</h2></header>
 65  
 66                  <div id="item_1">
 67                      <article>
 68                          <header>
 69                              <img src="#" title="titel artikel" />
 70                              <h3>Lorem ipsum .....</h3>
 71                          </header>
 72                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 73                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, </p>
 74                          <a href="#">Read more</a>
 75                      </article>
 76                  </div>
 77  
 78  
 79                  <div id="item_2">
 80                      <article>
 81                          <header>
 82                              <img src="#" title="titel artikel" />
 83                              <h3>Lorem ipsum .....</h3>
 84                          </header>
 85                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 86                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, </p>
 87                          <a href="#">Read more</a>
 88                      </article>
 89                  </div>
 90  
 91  
 92                  <div id="item_3">
 93                      <article>
 94                          <header>
 95                              <img src="#" title="titel artikel" />
 96                              <h3>Lorem ipsum .....</h3>
 97                          </header>
 98                          <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
 99                          adipiscing elit. Quisque semper, </p>
100                          <a href="#">Read more</a>
101                      </article>
102                  </div>
103              </div>
104  
105              <footer>
106                  <ul>
107                      <li>menu 1</li>
108                      <li>menu 2</li>
109                      <li>menu 3</li>
110                      <li>menu 4</li>
111                      <li>menu 5</li>
112                  </ul>
113              </footer>
114          </section>
115      </body>
116  </html>

第7行。围绕整个网站的部分?还是只有div?

8号线。每个部分都以标题开始?

第23行。这个div对吗?或者这一定是一个部分?

第24行。用div分割左/右列。

行25。文章标签的正确位置?

第26行。你的h1-tag需要放在head -tag里面吗?

行43。内容与主要文章无关，所以我决定这是一个部分，而不是一个题外话。

行44。无头H2

线53。没有标头的节

第63行。Div与所有(不相关的)新闻项目

第64行。带有h2的标头

第65行。嗯，div还是section?或者删除这个div，只使用article标签

第105行。页脚:-)

当前回答

根据我在“主要”回答中的解释，所讨论的文件应该根据大纲标记出来。

在以下两个表中，我展示了:

原始HTML及其大纲一个可能的大纲和HTML来做这个

original html (shortened) <body> <section> <header> <div id=logo></div> <div id=language></div> </header> <nav> ... </nav> <div id=main> <div id=main-left> <article> <header> <h1>The real thing</h1> </header> </article> </div> <div id=main-right> <section id=main-right-hot> <h2>Hot items</h2> </section> <section id=main-right-new> <h2>New items</h2> </section> </div> </div> <div id=news-items> <header> <h2>The latest news</h2> </header> <div id=item_1> <article> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> <div id=item_2> <article> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> <div id=item_3> <article> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> </div> <footer> <ul><li>...</ul> </footer> </section> original html relevant for outline <body> <section> // logo and language <nav> ... </nav> <article> <h1>The real thing</h1> </article> <section> <h2>Hot items</h2> </section> <section> <h2>New items</h2> </section> <h2>The latest news</h2> <article> <h3>...</h3> </article> <article> <h3>...</h3> </article> <article> <h3>...</h3> </article> // footer links </section> resulting outline 1. (untitled document) 1.1. (untitled section) 1.1.1. (untitled navigation) 1.1.2. The real thing (h1) 1.1.3. Hot items (h2) 1.1.4. New items (h2) 1.1.5. The latest news (h2) 1.1.6. news item_1 (h3) 1.1.7. news item_2 (h3) 1.1.8. news item_3 (h3) The outline of the original is definitively not what was intended.

下表显示了我对改进版本的建议。我使用以下标记:

<删除> < NEW_OR_CHANGED_ELEMENT > <元素MOVED_ATTRIBUTE = 1 >

possible intended outline 1. (main) 1.1. The real thing 1.2. (hot&new) 1.2.1. Hot items 1.2.2. New items 2. The latest news 2.1. news item_1 2.2. news item_2 2.3. news item_3 modified html <body> <section> <header> <ASIDE> <div id=logo></div> <div id=language></div> </ASIDE> </header> <nav> ... </nav> <ARTICLE id=main> <div id=main-left> <article ID=main-left> <header> <h1>The real thing</h1> </header> </article> </div> <ARTICLE id=main-right> <ARTICLE id=main-right-hot> <h2>Hot items</h2> </ARTICLE> <ARTICLE id=main-right-new> <h2>New items</h2> </ARTICLE> </ARTICLE> </ARTICE> <ARTICLE id=news-items> <header> <h2>The latest news</h2> </header> <div id=item_1> <article ID=item_1> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> <div id=item_2> <article ID=item_2> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> <div id=item_3> <article ID=item_3> <header> <h3>...</h3> </header> <a>read more</a> </article> </div> </ARTICLE> <footer> <NAV> <ul><li>...</ul> </NAV> </footer> </section>`` resulting outline 1. (untitled document) 1.1. (untitled logo and lang) 1.2. (untitled navigation) 1.3. (untitled main) 1.3.1 The real thing 1.3.2. (untitled hot&new) 1.3.2.1. Hot items 1.3.2.2. New items 1.4. The latest news 1.4.1. news item_1 1.4.2. news item_2 1.4.3. news item_3 1.5. (untitled footer nav) The modified HTML reflects the intended outline way better than the original.

2014-10-29 22:57:36

其他回答

Section should be used only to wrap a section inside a document (like chapters and similar) With header tag: NO. Header tag represents a wrapper for page header and is not to be confused with H1, H2, etc. Which div? :D Yes From W3C Schools: The tag defines external content. The external content could be a news-article from an external provider, or a text from a web log (blog), or a text from a forum, or any other content from an external source. No, header tag has a different use. H1, H2, etc. represent document titles H1 being the most important

我没有回答其他问题，因为很难猜到你指的是什么。如果还有其他问题，请告诉我。

2011-01-24 11:09:45

<body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Blog">
 <header>
  <h1>Wake up sheeple!</h1>
  <p><a href="news.html">News</a> -
     <a href="blog.html">Blog</a> -
     <a href="forums.html">Forums</a></p>
  <p>Last Modified: <span itemprop="dateModified">2009-04-01</span></p>
  <nav>
   <h1>Navigation</h1>
   <ul>
    <li><a href="articles.html">Index of all articles</a></li>
    <li><a href="today.html">Things sheeple need to wake up for today</a></li>
    <li><a href="successes.html">Sheeple we have managed to wake</a></li>
   </ul>
  </nav>
 </header>
 <main>
  <article itemprop="blogPosts" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting">
   <header>
    <h1 itemprop="headline">My Day at the Beach</h1>
   </header>
   <div itemprop="articleBody">
    <p>Today I went to the beach and had a lot of fun.</p>
    ...more content...
   </div>
   <footer>
    <p>Posted <time itemprop="datePublished" datetime="2009-10-10">Thursday</time>.</p>
   </footer>
  </article>
  ...more blog posts...
 </main>
 <footer>
  <p>Copyright ©
   <span itemprop="copyrightYear">2010</span>
   <span itemprop="copyrightHolder">The Example Company</span>
  </p>
  <p><a href="about.html">About</a> -
     <a href="policy.html">Privacy Policy</a> -
     <a href="contact.html">Contact Us</a></p>
 </footer>
</body>

参考:nav元素

2018-05-28 01:40:35

该文档的标记可能如下所示:

<body>
     <header>...</header>
     <nav>...</nav>
     <article>
          <section>
               ...
          </section>
     </article>
     <aside>...</aside>
     <footer>...</footer>
</body>

你可以在这篇文章A List Apart中找到更多信息。

2013-07-29 23:03:02

根据Nathan的回答，这非常有意义(对于红色和橙色部分，也许你可以分别使用div和/或页眉和页脚):

2016-12-20 23:49:36

”第23行。这个div对吗?或者这一定是一个部分?”

都不是——有一个主标记用于此目的，它每页只允许使用一次，并且应该用作主要内容的包装器(与侧边栏或站点范围的标题相比)。

<main>
    <!-- The main content -->
</main>

http://www.w3.org/html/wg/drafts/html/master/grouping-content.html#the-main-element

2014-08-27 13:02:31

HTML5最佳实践;部分/头/ /条元素

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