在Oracle SQL Developer中，如果我正在查看一个表上的信息，我可以查看约束，这让我看到外键(因此这个表引用了哪些表)，我可以查看依赖关系，看看哪些包引用了这个表。但是我不确定如何查找引用表的表。
例如，假设我正在查看emp表。还有一个表emp_dept，它捕获哪些员工在哪些部门工作，它通过emp表的主键emp_id引用emp表。是否有一种方法(通过程序中的某些UI元素，而不是通过SQL)来查找emp_dept表引用emp表，而不需要知道emp_dept表存在?
当前回答
替换下面的MY_OWNER_NAME和MY_TABLE_NAME，你就可以递归了:
DECLARE
FUNCTION list_all_child_tables_and_constraints(asked_table_name in VARCHAR2, parent_table_name in VARCHAR2)
RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
current_path VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR item IN
(SELECT fk.TABLE_NAME, constraint_parent.FK FK1, constraint_child.FK FK2
FROM all_constraints fk, all_constraints pk,
(SELECT acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME, LISTAGG(acc.COLUMN_NAME, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY acc.COLUMN_NAME) AS FK
FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS acc
WHERE acc.OWNER = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
GROUP BY acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME) constraint_parent,
(SELECT acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME, LISTAGG(acc.COLUMN_NAME, ', ') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY acc.COLUMN_NAME) AS FK
FROM ALL_CONS_COLUMNS acc
WHERE acc.OWNER = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
GROUP BY acc.CONSTRAINT_NAME) constraint_child
WHERE pk.owner = fk.r_owner
AND pk.constraint_name = fk.r_constraint_name
AND fk.constraint_type = 'R'
AND pk.table_name = asked_table_name
AND constraint_parent.CONSTRAINT_NAME = fk.CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND constraint_child.CONSTRAINT_NAME = fk.R_CONSTRAINT_NAME
AND pk.owner = 'MY_OWNER_NAME'
AND fk.owner = 'MY_OWNER_NAME')
LOOP
current_path := parent_table_name || ' // ' || item.TABLE_NAME;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(current_path);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(' [' || item.FK1 || '] [' || item.FK2 || ']');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('');
current_path := list_all_child_tables_and_constraints(item.TABLE_NAME, current_path);
END LOOP;
RETURN '-----------FINISHED-----------';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN '-----------FINISHED-----------';
END list_all_child_tables_and_constraints;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(list_all_child_tables_and_constraints('MY_TABLE_NAME', ''));
END;
其他回答
你可以从ALL_CONSTRAINTS视图中查询:
SELECT table_name
FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE constraint_type = 'R' -- "Referential integrity"
AND r_constraint_name IN
( SELECT constraint_name
FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE table_name = 'EMP'
AND constraint_type IN ('U', 'P') -- "Unique" or "Primary key"
);
为sql developer插件添加上面的答案，使用下面的xml将有助于获得与外键相关的列。
<items>
<item type="editor" node="TableNode" vertical="true">
<title><![CDATA[FK References]]></title>
<query>
<sql>
<![CDATA[select a.owner,
a.constraint_name,
a.table_name,
b.column_name,
a.status
from all_constraints a
join all_cons_columns b ON b.constraint_name = a.constraint_name
where a.constraint_type = 'R'
and exists(
select 1
from all_constraints
where constraint_name=a.r_constraint_name
and constraint_type in ('P', 'U')
and table_name = :OBJECT_NAME
and owner = :OBJECT_OWNER)
order by table_name, constraint_name]]>
</sql>
</query>
</item>
</items>
仅用主表名替换table_name
select *
from all_constraints
where r_constraint_name in (
select constraint_name
from all_constraints
where table_name='table_name'
);
2015年5月发布的SQL Developer 4.1增加了一个Model选项卡，显示表外键，表外键以实体关系图的格式引用你的表。
我喜欢使用直接的SQL查询来实现这一点，而不是在SQL Developer应用程序中瞎折腾。
我是这么做的。最好通读这篇文章，了解发生了什么，这样你就可以调整它来满足你的需求……
WITH all_primary_keys AS (
SELECT constraint_name AS pk_name,
table_name
FROM all_constraints
WHERE owner = USER
AND constraint_type = 'P'
)
SELECT ac.table_name || ' table has a foreign key called ' || upper(ac.constraint_name)
|| ' which references the primary key ' || upper(ac.r_constraint_name) || ' on table ' || apk.table_name AS foreign_keys
FROM all_constraints ac
LEFT JOIN all_primary_keys apk
ON ac.r_constraint_name = apk.pk_name
WHERE ac.owner = USER
AND ac.constraint_type = 'R'
AND ac.table_name = nvl(upper(:table_name), ac.table_name)
ORDER BY ac.table_name, ac.constraint_name
;
