使用Rn222的答案和akns1的答案来使用ISearchContext，返回单个元素或列表。并且可以指定元素的最小数量:

public static class SearchContextExtensions
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds an element based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeOutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <returns> The first element found that matches the condition specified</returns>
    public static IWebElement FindElement(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeOutInSeconds)
    {
        if (timeOutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeOutInSeconds);
            return wait.Until<IWebElement>(ctx => ctx.FindElement(by));
        }
        return context.FindElement(by);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds a list of elements based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeoutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <returns>A list of all the web elements that match the condition specified</returns>
    public static IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> FindElements(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeoutInSeconds)
    {

        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds);
            return wait.Until<IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement>>(ctx => ctx.FindElements(by));
        }
        return context.FindElements(by);
    }
    /// <summary>
    ///     Method that finds a list of elements with the minimum amount specified based on the search parameters within a specified timeout.<br/>
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">The context where this is searched. Required for extension methods</param>
    /// <param name="by">The search parameters that are used to identify the element</param>
    /// <param name="timeoutInSeconds">The time that the tool should wait before throwing an exception</param>
    /// <param name="minNumberOfElements">
    ///     The minimum number of elements that should meet the criteria before returning the list <para/>
    ///     If this number is not met, an exception will be thrown and no elements will be returned
    ///     even if some did meet the criteria
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>A list of all the web elements that match the condition specified</returns>
    public static IReadOnlyCollection<IWebElement> FindElements(this ISearchContext context, By by, uint timeoutInSeconds, int minNumberOfElements)
    {
        var wait = new DefaultWait<ISearchContext>(context);
        if (timeoutInSeconds > 0)
        {
            wait.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(timeoutInSeconds);
        }

        // Wait until the current context found the minimum number of elements. If not found after timeout, an exception is thrown
        wait.Until<bool>(ctx => ctx.FindElements(by).Count >= minNumberOfElements);

        // If the elements were successfuly found, just return the list
        return context.FindElements(by);
    }

}

使用示例:

var driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("http://localhost");
var main = driver.FindElement(By.Id("main"));
// It can be now used to wait when using elements to search
var btn = main.FindElement(By.Id("button"), 10);
btn.Click();
// This will wait up to 10 seconds until a button is found
var button = driver.FindElement(By.TagName("button"), 10)
// This will wait up to 10 seconds until a button is found, and return all the buttons found
var buttonList = driver.FindElements(By.TagName("button"), 10)
// This will wait for 10 seconds until we find at least 5 buttons
var buttonsMin = driver.FindElements(By.TagName("button"), 10, 5);
driver.Close();

你可以在c#中找到类似的东西。

这是我在JUnit - Selenium中使用的

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 100);
WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("submit")));

导入相关的包。

这是一个可重用的函数，用于使用显式等待等待DOM中出现的元素。

public void WaitForElement(IWebElement element, int timeout = 2)
{
    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(webDriver, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(timeout));
    wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(NoSuchElementException));
    wait.IgnoreExceptionTypes(typeof(StaleElementReferenceException));
    wait.Until<bool>(driver =>
    {
        try
        {
            return element.Displayed;
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            return false;
        }
    });
}

我正在用这个，效果很好:

public static bool elexists(By by, WebDriver driver)
{
    try
    {
        driver.FindElement(by);
        return true;
    }
    catch (NoSuchElementException)
    {
        return false;
    }
}

public static void waitforelement(WebDriver driver, By by)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
    {
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
        if (elexists(by, driver))
        {
            break;
        }
    }
}

当然，您可以添加超过30次的尝试，并将周期缩短到1秒以内进行检查。

用法:

waitforelement(driver, By.Id("login"));
IWebElement login = driver.FindElement(By.Id("login"));
login.Click();

 new WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)).
   Until(ExpectedConditions.PresenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy((By.Id("toast-container"))));

你也可以使用隐式等待:

driver.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);

隐式等待是告诉WebDriver轮询DOM 在试图找到一个或多个元素时的时间 暂时不可用。默认设置为0。设置好后， 为WebDriver对象实例的生命周期设置隐式等待。