我如何在Swift中生成一个随机的字母数字字符串?


当前回答

这是我能想到的最快的解决办法。斯威夫特3.0

extension String {
    static func random(length: Int) -> String {
        let letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
        let randomLength = UInt32(letters.characters.count)

        let randomString: String = (0 ..< length).reduce(String()) { accum, _ in
            let randomOffset = arc4random_uniform(randomLength)
            let randomIndex = letters.index(letters.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomOffset))
            return accum.appending(String(letters[randomIndex]))
        }

        return randomString
    } 
}

其他回答

我对这个问题的更快速的回答是:

func randomAlphanumericString(length: Int) -> String {

    let letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789".characters
    let lettersLength = UInt32(letters.count)

    let randomCharacters = (0..<length).map { i -> String in
        let offset = Int(arc4random_uniform(lettersLength))
        let c = letters[letters.startIndex.advancedBy(offset)]
        return String(c)
    }

    return randomCharacters.joinWithSeparator("")
}

SwifterSwift有这个实现

/// SwifterSwift: Create a new random string of given length.
///
///     String(randomOfLength: 10) -> "gY8r3MHvlQ"
///
/// - Parameter length: number of characters in string.
init(randomOfLength length: Int) {
    guard length > 0 else {
        self.init()
        return
    }

    let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
    var randomString = ""
    for _ in 1...length {
        randomString.append(base.randomElement()!)
    }
    self = randomString
}

我做了一些改变,并使用这个实现

static func random(randomOfLength length: Int) -> String {
    guard length > 0 else { return "" }
    let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
    var randomString = ""
    for _ in 1...length {
        guard let randomCharacter = base.randomElement() else { continue }
        randomString.append(randomCharacter)
    }
    return randomString
}

这是我能想到的最快的解决办法。斯威夫特3.0

extension String {
    static func random(length: Int) -> String {
        let letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
        let randomLength = UInt32(letters.characters.count)

        let randomString: String = (0 ..< length).reduce(String()) { accum, _ in
            let randomOffset = arc4random_uniform(randomLength)
            let randomIndex = letters.index(letters.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomOffset))
            return accum.appending(String(letters[randomIndex]))
        }

        return randomString
    } 
}

这里有一个Swiftier语法的现成解决方案。你可以简单地复制粘贴它:

func randomAlphaNumericString(length: Int) -> String {
    let allowedChars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
    let allowedCharsCount = UInt32(allowedChars.characters.count)
    var randomString = ""

    for _ in 0 ..< length {
        let randomNum = Int(arc4random_uniform(allowedCharsCount))
        let randomIndex = allowedChars.index(allowedChars.startIndex, offsetBy: randomNum)
        let newCharacter = allowedChars[randomIndex]
        randomString += String(newCharacter)
    }

    return randomString
}

如果你喜欢一个框架,也有一些更方便的功能,然后随时签出我的项目handysswift。它还包括一个漂亮的随机字母数字字符串的解决方案:

String(randomWithLength: 8, allowedCharactersType: .alphaNumeric) // => "2TgM5sUG"

你也可以这样使用它:

extension String {

    static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {

        let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
        var randomString: String = ""

        for _ in 0..<length {

            let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.characters.count))
            randomString += "\(base[base.startIndex.advancedBy(Int(randomValue))])"
        }

        return randomString
    }
}

简单的用法:

let randomString = String.random()

Swift 3语法:

extension String {

    static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {
        let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
        var randomString: String = ""

        for _ in 0..<length {
            let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.characters.count))
            randomString += "\(base[base.index(base.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomValue))])"
        }
        return randomString
    }
}

Swift 4语法:

extension String {

    static func random(length: Int = 20) -> String {
        let base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
        var randomString: String = ""

        for _ in 0..<length {
            let randomValue = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(base.count))
            randomString += "\(base[base.index(base.startIndex, offsetBy: Int(randomValue))])"
        }
        return randomString
    }
}