我一直在搜索Select和SelectMany之间的区别,但我还没有找到合适的答案。我需要学习使用LINQ to SQL时的差异,但我所找到的都是标准数组示例。
有人能提供一个LINQ到SQL的例子吗?
我一直在搜索Select和SelectMany之间的区别,但我还没有找到合适的答案。我需要学习使用LINQ to SQL时的差异,但我所找到的都是标准数组示例。
有人能提供一个LINQ到SQL的例子吗?
当前回答
SelectMany扁平查询,返回列表的列表。例如
public class PhoneNumber
{
public string Number { get; set; }
}
public class Person
{
public IEnumerable<PhoneNumber> PhoneNumbers { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
IEnumerable<Person> people = new List<Person>();
// Select gets a list of lists of phone numbers
IEnumerable<IEnumerable<PhoneNumber>> phoneLists = people.Select(p => p.PhoneNumbers);
// SelectMany flattens it to just a list of phone numbers.
IEnumerable<PhoneNumber> phoneNumbers = people.SelectMany(p => p.PhoneNumbers);
// And to include data from the parent in the result:
// pass an expression to the second parameter (resultSelector) in the overload:
var directory = people
.SelectMany(p => p.PhoneNumbers,
(parent, child) => new { parent.Name, child.Number });
Live Demo。net Fiddle
其他回答
SelectMany()的正式描述是:
将序列的每个元素投射到IEnumerable上并展开 产生的序列变成一个序列。
SelectMany()将结果序列平铺成一个序列,并对其中的每个元素调用结果选择器函数。
class PetOwner
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public List<String> Pets { get; set; }
}
public static void SelectManyEx()
{
PetOwner[] petOwners =
{ new PetOwner { Name="Higa, Sidney",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Scruffy", "Sam" } },
new PetOwner { Name="Ashkenazi, Ronen",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Walker", "Sugar" } },
new PetOwner { Name="Price, Vernette",
Pets = new List<string>{ "Scratches", "Diesel" } } };
// Query using SelectMany().
IEnumerable<string> query1 = petOwners.SelectMany(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);
Console.WriteLine("Using SelectMany():");
// Only one foreach loop is required to iterate
// through the results since it is a
// one-dimensional collection.
foreach (string pet in query1)
{
Console.WriteLine(pet);
}
// This code shows how to use Select()
// instead of SelectMany().
IEnumerable<List<String>> query2 =
petOwners.Select(petOwner => petOwner.Pets);
Console.WriteLine("\nUsing Select():");
// Notice that two foreach loops are required to
// iterate through the results
// because the query returns a collection of arrays.
foreach (List<String> petList in query2)
{
foreach (string pet in petList)
{
Console.WriteLine(pet);
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
/*
This code produces the following output:
Using SelectMany():
Scruffy
Sam
Walker
Sugar
Scratches
Diesel
Using Select():
Scruffy
Sam
Walker
Sugar
Scratches
Diesel
*/
主要的区别是每个方法的结果,而SelectMany()返回一个扁平的结果;Select()返回一个列表的列表,而不是一个扁平的结果集。
因此,SelectMany的结果是一个列表
{斯库菲,山姆,沃克,甜甜,划痕,迪塞尔}
你可以迭代每一项。但是对于select的结果,您需要一个额外的foreach循环来遍历结果,因为查询返回一个数组集合。
SelectMany()方法用于抚平序列,其中序列的每个元素都是独立的。
我的类用户是这样的
class User
{
public string UserName { get; set; }
public List<string> Roles { get; set; }
}
主要:
var users = new List<User>
{
new User { UserName = "Reza" , Roles = new List<string>{"Superadmin" } },
new User { UserName = "Amin" , Roles = new List<string>{"Guest","Reseption" } },
new User { UserName = "Nima" , Roles = new List<string>{"Nurse","Guest" } },
};
var query = users.SelectMany(user => user.Roles, (user, role) => new { user.UserName, role });
foreach (var obj in query)
{
Console.WriteLine(obj);
}
//output
//{ UserName = Reza, role = Superadmin }
//{ UserName = Amin, role = Guest }
//{ UserName = Amin, role = Reseption }
//{ UserName = Nima, role = Nurse }
//{ UserName = Nima, role = Guest }
您可以对序列的任何项使用操作
int[][] numbers = {
new[] {1, 2, 3},
new[] {4},
new[] {5, 6 , 6 , 2 , 7, 8},
new[] {12, 14}
};
IEnumerable<int> result = numbers
.SelectMany(array => array.Distinct())
.OrderBy(x => x);
//output
//{ 1, 2 , 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 14 }
List<List<int>> numbers = new List<List<int>> {
new List<int> {1, 2, 3},
new List<int> {12},
new List<int> {5, 6, 5, 7},
new List<int> {10, 10, 10, 12}
};
IEnumerable<int> result = numbers
.SelectMany(list => list)
.Distinct()
.OrderBy(x=>x);
//output
// { 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12 }
只是为了另一种观点,可能会帮助一些函数式程序员:
选择是映射 SelectMany是绑定的(或flatMap的Scala/Kotlin人)
没有太多的技术-数据库与许多组织,每个有许多用户:-
var orgId = "123456789";
var userList1 = db.Organizations
.Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
.SelectMany(a => a.Users)
.ToList();
var userList2 = db.Users
.Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
.ToList();
都为所选组织返回相同的ApplicationUser列表。
第一个“项目”从Organization到Users,第二个直接查询Users表。
Some SelectMany可能不需要。以下2个查询给出相同的结果。
Customers.Where(c=>c.Name=="Tom").SelectMany(c=>c.Orders)
Orders.Where(o=>o.Customer.Name=="Tom")
对于一对多关系,
如果从“1”开始,则需要SelectMany,它将平展many。 如果从“Many”开始,则不需要SelectMany。(仍然能够从“1”中过滤,这也比以下标准的连接查询更简单)
from o in Orders
join c in Customers on o.CustomerID equals c.ID
where c.Name == "Tom"
select o