我一直在搜索Select和SelectMany之间的区别,但我还没有找到合适的答案。我需要学习使用LINQ to SQL时的差异,但我所找到的都是标准数组示例。

有人能提供一个LINQ到SQL的例子吗?


当前回答

SelectMany方法将IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>>分解为IEnumerable<T>,就像共产主义一样,每个元素都以相同的方式表现(愚蠢的家伙拥有与天才相同的权利)。

var words = new [] { "a,b,c", "d,e", "f" };
var splitAndCombine = words.SelectMany(x => x.Split(','));
// returns { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" }

其他回答

select操作符用于从集合中选择值,SelectMany操作符用于从集合的集合(即嵌套集合)中选择值。

Select many就像SQL中的交叉连接操作,它需要叉乘。 例如,如果我们有

Set A={a,b,c}
Set B={x,y}

选择许多可以用来得到下面的集合

{ (x,a) , (x,b) , (x,c) , (y,a) , (y,b) , (y,c) }

注意,这里我们取集合A和集合B中的元素的所有可能组合。

下面是一个你可以尝试的LINQ示例

List<string> animals = new List<string>() { "cat", "dog", "donkey" };
List<int> number = new List<int>() { 10, 20 };

var mix = number.SelectMany(num => animals, (n, a) => new { n, a });

混合将有以下元素在平面结构,如

{(10,cat), (10,dog), (10,donkey), (20,cat), (20,dog), (20,donkey)}

var players = db.SoccerTeams.Where(c => c.Country == "Spain")
                            .SelectMany(c => c.players);

foreach(var player in players)
{
    Console.WriteLine(player.LastName);
}

De Gea 阿尔芭 科斯塔 别墅 Busquets

...

没有太多的技术-数据库与许多组织,每个有许多用户:-

var orgId = "123456789";

var userList1 = db.Organizations
                   .Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
                   .SelectMany(a => a.Users)
                   .ToList();

var userList2 = db.Users
                   .Where(a => a.OrganizationId == orgId)
                   .ToList();

都为所选组织返回相同的ApplicationUser列表。

第一个“项目”从Organization到Users,第二个直接查询Users表。

下面是一个用于测试的初始化小集合的代码示例:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        List<Order> orders = new List<Order>
        {
            new Order
            {
                OrderID = "orderID1",
                OrderLines = new List<OrderLine>
                {
                    new OrderLine
                    {
                        ProductSKU = "SKU1",
                        Quantity = 1
                    },
                    new OrderLine
                    {
                        ProductSKU = "SKU2",
                        Quantity = 2
                    },
                    new OrderLine
                    {
                        ProductSKU = "SKU3",
                        Quantity = 3
                    }
                }
            },
            new Order
            {
                OrderID = "orderID2",
                OrderLines = new List<OrderLine>
                {
                    new OrderLine
                    {
                        ProductSKU = "SKU4",
                        Quantity = 4
                    },
                    new OrderLine
                    {
                        ProductSKU = "SKU5",
                        Quantity = 5
                    }
                }
            }
        };

        //required result is the list of all SKUs in orders
        List<string> allSKUs = new List<string>();

        //With Select case 2 foreach loops are required
        var flattenedOrdersLinesSelectCase = orders.Select(o => o.OrderLines);
        foreach (var flattenedOrderLine in flattenedOrdersLinesSelectCase)
        {
            foreach (OrderLine orderLine in flattenedOrderLine)
            {
                allSKUs.Add(orderLine.ProductSKU);
            }
        }

        //With SelectMany case only one foreach loop is required
        allSKUs = new List<string>();
        var flattenedOrdersLinesSelectManyCase = orders.SelectMany(o => o.OrderLines);
        foreach (var flattenedOrderLine in flattenedOrdersLinesSelectManyCase)
        {
            allSKUs.Add(flattenedOrderLine.ProductSKU);
        }

       //If the required result is flattened list which has OrderID, ProductSKU and Quantity,
       //SelectMany with selector is very helpful to get the required result
       //and allows avoiding own For loops what according to my experience do code faster when
       // hundreds of thousands of data rows must be operated
        List<OrderLineForReport> ordersLinesForReport = (List<OrderLineForReport>)orders.SelectMany(o => o.OrderLines,
            (o, ol) => new OrderLineForReport
            {
                OrderID = o.OrderID,
                ProductSKU = ol.ProductSKU,
                Quantity = ol.Quantity
            }).ToList();
    }
}
class Order
{
    public string OrderID { get; set; }
    public List<OrderLine> OrderLines { get; set; }
}
class OrderLine
{
    public string ProductSKU { get; set; }
    public int Quantity { get; set; }
}
class OrderLineForReport
{
    public string OrderID { get; set; }
    public string ProductSKU { get; set; }
    public int Quantity { get; set; }
}