当你创建任何企业或任何自己的软件时，你应该像黑客一样思考。正如我们所知，黑客也不是所有事情的专家，但当他们发现任何漏洞时，他们开始通过收集所有事情的信息来挖掘它，最终攻击我们的软件。所以为了防止这种攻击，我们应该遵循一些众所周知的规则，比如:

总是尝试破译你的密码(使用小抄和谷歌之类的东西来获取更多信息)。 更新编程域中的安全漏洞。 如上所述，永远不要相信任何类型的用户或自动输入。 使用开源应用程序(它们的大多数安全缺陷已经被知道并解决了)。

你可在以下连结找到更多保安资源:

owasp安全 CERT安全 无安全 netcraft 太空安全 openwall PHP交会 Thehackernews(不断更新自己)

有关应用程序供应商安全流程的更多信息谷歌。

我愿补充以下几点:

数字签名和数字证书是如何工作的 沙盒是什么

了解不同的攻击载体是如何工作的:

本机代码的缓冲区溢出/下溢/等 社会工程师 DNS欺骗 中间的人 CSRF/XSS等 SQL注入 加密攻击(例如:利用弱加密算法，如DES) 程序/框架错误(例如:github最新的安全漏洞)

你可以很容易地谷歌所有这些。这会给你一个很好的基础。 如果你想了解web应用程序的漏洞，有一个名为谷歌gruyere的项目可以向你展示如何利用一个正在运行的web应用程序。

框架和api中安全默认值的重要性:

Lots of early web frameworks didn't escape html by default in templates and had XSS problems because of this Lots of early web frameworks made it easier to concatenate SQL than to create parameterized queries leading to lots of SQL injection bugs. Some versions of Erlang (R13B, maybe others) don't verify ssl peer certificates by default and there are probably lots of erlang code that is susceptible to SSL MITM attacks Java's XSLT transformer by default allows execution of arbitrary java code. There has been many serious security bugs created by this. Java's XML parsing APIs by default allow the parsed document to read arbitrary files on the filesystem. More fun :)

我建议查看CWE/SANS前25个最危险的编程错误。它在2010年进行了更新，并承诺在未来定期更新。2009年的修订版也可以使用。

从http://cwe.mitre.org/top25/index.html

The 2010 CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Programming Errors is a list of the most widespread and critical programming errors that can lead to serious software vulnerabilities. They are often easy to find, and easy to exploit. They are dangerous because they will frequently allow attackers to completely take over the software, steal data, or prevent the software from working at all. The Top 25 list is a tool for education and awareness to help programmers to prevent the kinds of vulnerabilities that plague the software industry, by identifying and avoiding all-too-common mistakes that occur before software is even shipped. Software customers can use the same list to help them to ask for more secure software. Researchers in software security can use the Top 25 to focus on a narrow but important subset of all known security weaknesses. Finally, software managers and CIOs can use the Top 25 list as a measuring stick of progress in their efforts to secure their software.

如果你想要你的应用程序是安全的，请记住以下原则:

Never trust any input! Validate input from all untrusted sources - use whitelists not blacklists Plan for security from the start - it's not something you can bolt on at the end Keep it simple - complexity increases the likelihood of security holes Keep your attack surface to a minimum Make sure you fail securely Use defence in depth Adhere to the principle of least privilege Use threat modelling Compartmentalize - so your system is not all or nothing Hiding secrets is hard - and secrets hidden in code won't stay secret for long Don't write your own crypto Using crypto doesn't mean you're secure (attackers will look for a weaker link) Be aware of buffer overflows and how to protect against them

网上有一些关于提高应用程序安全性的优秀书籍和文章:

编写安全代码第二版——我认为每个程序员都应该读这篇文章 构建安全软件:如何以正确的方式避免安全问题 安全编程指南 利用软件 安全工程——一本极好的读物 Linux和Unix安全编程HOWTO

对开发人员进行应用程序安全最佳实践方面的培训

Codebashing(支付)

安全创新(支付)

安全罗盘(付费)

OWASP WebGoat(免费)

一个好的入门课程可能是麻省理工学院的计算机网络与安全课程。我建议的一件事是不要忘记隐私。从某种意义上说，隐私确实是安全的基础，在有关安全的技术课程中并不经常涉及。你可能会在这门与互联网相关的道德与法律课程中找到一些关于隐私的材料。