如果性能不是很关键(例如，键的数量相对较小)，并且你不想用额外的字段(如_hash， _id等)污染你的(或可能不是你的)对象，那么你可以利用Array.prototype.indexOf采用严格相等的事实。下面是一个简单的实现:

var Dict = (function(){
    // Internet Explorer 8 and earlier does not have any Array.prototype.indexOf
    function indexOfPolyfill(val) {
      for (var i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; ++i) {
        if (this[i] === val) {
          return i;
        }
      }
      return -1;
    }

    function Dict(){
      this.keys = [];
      this.values = [];
      if (!this.keys.indexOf) {
        this.keys.indexOf = indexOfPolyfill;
      }
    };

    Dict.prototype.has = function(key){
      return this.keys.indexOf(key) != -1;
    };

    Dict.prototype.get = function(key, defaultValue){
      var index = this.keys.indexOf(key);
      return index == -1 ? defaultValue : this.values[index];
    };

    Dict.prototype.set = function(key, value){
      var index = this.keys.indexOf(key);
      if (index == -1) {
        this.keys.push(key);
        this.values.push(value);
      } else {
        var prevValue = this.values[index];
        this.values[index] = value;
        return prevValue;
      }
    };

    Dict.prototype.delete = function(key){
      var index = this.keys.indexOf(key);
      if (index != -1) {
        this.keys.splice(index, 1);
        return this.values.splice(index, 1)[0];
      }
    };

    Dict.prototype.clear = function(){
      this.keys.splice(0, this.keys.length);
      this.values.splice(0, this.values.length);
    };

    return Dict;
})();

用法示例:

var a = {}, b = {},
    c = { toString: function(){ return '1'; } },
    d = 1, s = '1', u = undefined, n = null,
    dict = new Dict();

// Keys and values can be anything
dict.set(a, 'a');
dict.set(b, 'b');
dict.set(c, 'c');
dict.set(d, 'd');
dict.set(s, 's');
dict.set(u, 'u');
dict.set(n, 'n');

dict.get(a); // 'a'
dict.get(b); // 'b'
dict.get(s); // 's'
dict.get(u); // 'u'
dict.get(n); // 'n'
// etc.

与ECMAScript 6 WeakMap相比，它有两个问题:O(n)搜索时间和非弱(即如果不使用delete或clear释放键会导致内存泄漏)。

根据ECMAScript 2015 (ES6)，标准JavaScript有一个Map实现。更多信息可以在这里找到。

基本用法:

var myMap = new Map();
var keyString = "a string",
    keyObj = {},
    keyFunc = function () {};

// Setting the values
myMap.set(keyString, "value associated with 'a string'");
myMap.set(keyObj, "value associated with keyObj");
myMap.set(keyFunc, "value associated with keyFunc");

myMap.size; // 3

// Getting the values
myMap.get(keyString);    // "value associated with 'a string'"
myMap.get(keyObj);       // "value associated with keyObj"
myMap.get(keyFunc);      // "value associated with keyFunc"

这是我的另一个地图实现。使用randomizer， 'generics'和'iterator' =)

var HashMap = function (TKey, TValue) {
    var db = [];
    var keyType, valueType;

    (function () {
        keyType = TKey;
        valueType = TValue;
    })();

    var getIndexOfKey = function (key) {
        if (typeof key !== keyType)
            throw new Error('Type of key should be ' + keyType);
        for (var i = 0; i < db.length; i++) {
            if (db[i][0] == key)
                return i;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    this.add = function (key, value) {
        if (typeof key !== keyType) {
            throw new Error('Type of key should be ' + keyType);
        } else if (typeof value !== valueType) {
            throw new Error('Type of value should be ' + valueType);
        }
        var index = getIndexOfKey(key);
        if (index === -1)
            db.push([key, value]);
        else
            db[index][1] = value;
        return this;
    }

    this.get = function (key) {
        if (typeof key !== keyType || db.length === 0)
            return null;
        for (var i = 0; i < db.length; i++) {
            if (db[i][0] == key)
                return db[i][1];
        }
        return null;
    }

    this.size = function () {
        return db.length;
    }

    this.keys = function () {
        if (db.length === 0)
            return [];
        var result = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < db.length; i++) {
            result.push(db[i][0]);
        }
        return result;
    }

    this.values = function () {
        if (db.length === 0)
            return [];
        var result = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < db.length; i++) {
            result.push(db[i][1]);
        }
        return result;
    }

    this.randomize = function () {
        if (db.length === 0)
            return this;
        var currentIndex = db.length, temporaryValue, randomIndex;
        while (0 !== currentIndex) {
            randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * currentIndex);
            currentIndex--;
            temporaryValue = db[currentIndex];
            db[currentIndex] = db[randomIndex];
            db[randomIndex] = temporaryValue;
        }
        return this;
    }

    this.iterate = function (callback) {
        if (db.length === 0)
            return false;
        for (var i = 0; i < db.length; i++) {
            callback(db[i][0], db[i][1]);
        }
        return true;
    }
}

例子:

var a = new HashMap("string", "number");
a.add('test', 1132)
 .add('test14', 666)
 .add('1421test14', 12312666)
 .iterate(function (key, value) {console.log('a['+key+']='+value)});
/*
a[test]=1132
a[test14]=666
a[1421test14]=12312666 
*/
a.randomize();
/*
a[1421test14]=12312666
a[test]=1132
a[test14]=666
*/

添加另一个解决方案:HashMap几乎是我从Java移植到JavaScript的第一个类。可以说有很多开销，但是实现几乎100%等于Java的实现，并且包含了所有的接口和子类。

该项目可以在这里找到:https://github.com/Airblader/jsava 我还将附加HashMap类的(当前)源代码，但正如前面所述，它还取决于超类等。所使用的面向对象框架是qooxdoo。

请注意，这段代码已经过时，请参考GitHub项目了解当前的工作。在撰写本文时，还有一个ArrayList实现。

qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap', {
    extend: jsava.util.AbstractMap,
    implement: [jsava.util.Map, jsava.io.Serializable, jsava.lang.Cloneable],

    construct: function () {
        var args = Array.prototype.slice.call( arguments ),
            initialCapacity = this.self( arguments ).DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY,
            loadFactor = this.self( arguments ).DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;

        switch( args.length ) {
            case 1:
                if( qx.Class.implementsInterface( args[0], jsava.util.Map ) ) {
                    initialCapacity = Math.max( ((args[0].size() / this.self( arguments ).DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR) | 0) + 1,
                        this.self( arguments ).DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY );
                    loadFactor = this.self( arguments ).DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;
                } else {
                    initialCapacity = args[0];
                }
                break;
            case 2:
                initialCapacity = args[0];
                loadFactor = args[1];
                break;
        }

        if( initialCapacity < 0 ) {
            throw new jsava.lang.IllegalArgumentException( 'Illegal initial capacity: ' + initialCapacity );
        }
        if( initialCapacity > this.self( arguments ).MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ) {
            initialCapacity = this.self( arguments ).MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
        }
        if( loadFactor <= 0 || isNaN( loadFactor ) ) {
            throw new jsava.lang.IllegalArgumentException( 'Illegal load factor: ' + loadFactor );
        }

        var capacity = 1;
        while( capacity < initialCapacity ) {
            capacity <<= 1;
        }

        this._loadFactor = loadFactor;
        this._threshold = (capacity * loadFactor) | 0;
        this._table = jsava.JsavaUtils.emptyArrayOfGivenSize( capacity, null );
        this._init();
    },

    statics: {
        serialVersionUID: 1,

        DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY: 16,
        MAXIMUM_CAPACITY: 1 << 30,
        DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR: 0.75,

        _hash: function (hash) {
            hash ^= (hash >>> 20) ^ (hash >>> 12);
            return hash ^ (hash >>> 7) ^ (hash >>> 4);
        },

        _indexFor: function (hashCode, length) {
            return hashCode & (length - 1);
        },

        Entry: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.Entry', {
            extend: jsava.lang.Object,
            implement: [jsava.util.Map.Entry],

            construct: function (hash, key, value, nextEntry) {
                this._value = value;
                this._next = nextEntry;
                this._key = key;
                this._hash = hash;
            },

            members: {
                _key: null,
                _value: null,
                /** @type jsava.util.HashMap.Entry */
                _next: null,
                /** @type Number */
                _hash: 0,

                getKey: function () {
                    return this._key;
                },

                getValue: function () {
                    return this._value;
                },

                setValue: function (newValue) {
                    var oldValue = this._value;
                    this._value = newValue;
                    return oldValue;
                },

                equals: function (obj) {
                    if( obj === null || !qx.Class.implementsInterface( obj, jsava.util.HashMap.Entry ) ) {
                        return false;
                    }

                    /** @type jsava.util.HashMap.Entry */
                    var entry = obj,
                        key1 = this.getKey(),
                        key2 = entry.getKey();
                    if( key1 === key2 || (key1 !== null && key1.equals( key2 )) ) {
                        var value1 = this.getValue(),
                            value2 = entry.getValue();
                        if( value1 === value2 || (value1 !== null && value1.equals( value2 )) ) {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }

                    return false;
                },

                hashCode: function () {
                    return (this._key === null ? 0 : this._key.hashCode()) ^
                        (this._value === null ? 0 : this._value.hashCode());
                },

                toString: function () {
                    return this.getKey() + '=' + this.getValue();
                },

                /**
                 * This method is invoked whenever the value in an entry is
                 * overwritten by an invocation of put(k,v) for a key k that's already
                 * in the HashMap.
                 */
                _recordAccess: function (map) {
                },

                /**
                 * This method is invoked whenever the entry is
                 * removed from the table.
                 */
                _recordRemoval: function (map) {
                }
            }
        } )
    },

    members: {
        /** @type jsava.util.HashMap.Entry[] */
        _table: null,
        /** @type Number */
        _size: 0,
        /** @type Number */
        _threshold: 0,
        /** @type Number */
        _loadFactor: 0,
        /** @type Number */
        _modCount: 0,
        /** @implements jsava.util.Set */
        __entrySet: null,

        /**
         * Initialization hook for subclasses. This method is called
         * in all constructors and pseudo-constructors (clone, readObject)
         * after HashMap has been initialized but before any entries have
         * been inserted.  (In the absence of this method, readObject would
         * require explicit knowledge of subclasses.)
         */
        _init: function () {
        },

        size: function () {
            return this._size;
        },

        isEmpty: function () {
            return this._size === 0;
        },

        get: function (key) {
            if( key === null ) {
                return this.__getForNullKey();
            }

            var hash = this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() );
            for( var entry = this._table[this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length )];
                 entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                /** @type jsava.lang.Object */
                var k;
                if( entry._hash === hash && ((k = entry._key) === key || key.equals( k )) ) {
                    return entry._value;
                }
            }

            return null;
        },

        __getForNullKey: function () {
            for( var entry = this._table[0]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                if( entry._key === null ) {
                    return entry._value;
                }
            }

            return null;
        },

        containsKey: function (key) {
            return this._getEntry( key ) !== null;
        },

        _getEntry: function (key) {
            var hash = (key === null) ? 0 : this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() );
            for( var entry = this._table[this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length )];
                 entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                /** @type jsava.lang.Object */
                var k;
                if( entry._hash === hash
                    && ( ( k = entry._key ) === key || ( key !== null && key.equals( k ) ) ) ) {
                    return entry;
                }
            }

            return null;
        },

        put: function (key, value) {
            if( key === null ) {
                return this.__putForNullKey( value );
            }

            var hash = this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() ),
                i = this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length );
            for( var entry = this._table[i]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                /** @type jsava.lang.Object */
                var k;
                if( entry._hash === hash && ( (k = entry._key) === key || key.equals( k ) ) ) {
                    var oldValue = entry._value;
                    entry._value = value;
                    entry._recordAccess( this );
                    return oldValue;
                }
            }

            this._modCount++;
            this._addEntry( hash, key, value, i );
            return null;
        },

        __putForNullKey: function (value) {
            for( var entry = this._table[0]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                if( entry._key === null ) {
                    var oldValue = entry._value;
                    entry._value = value;
                    entry._recordAccess( this );
                    return oldValue;
                }
            }

            this._modCount++;
            this._addEntry( 0, null, value, 0 );
            return null;
        },

        __putForCreate: function (key, value) {
            var hash = (key === null) ? 0 : this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() ),
                i = this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length );
            for( var entry = this._table[i]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                /** @type jsava.lang.Object */
                var k;
                if( entry._hash === hash
                    && ( (k = entry._key) === key || ( key !== null && key.equals( k ) ) ) ) {
                    entry._value = value;
                    return;
                }
            }

            this._createEntry( hash, key, value, i );
        },

        __putAllForCreate: function (map) {
            var iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while( iterator.hasNext() ) {
                var entry = iterator.next();
                this.__putForCreate( entry.getKey(), entry.getValue() );
            }
        },

        _resize: function (newCapacity) {
            var oldTable = this._table,
                oldCapacity = oldTable.length;
            if( oldCapacity === this.self( arguments ).MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ) {
                this._threshold = Number.MAX_VALUE;
                return;
            }

            var newTable = jsava.JsavaUtils.emptyArrayOfGivenSize( newCapacity, null );
            this._transfer( newTable );
            this._table = newTable;
            this._threshold = (newCapacity * this._loadFactor) | 0;
        },

        _transfer: function (newTable) {
            var src = this._table,
                newCapacity = newTable.length;
            for( var j = 0; j < src.length; j++ ) {
                var entry = src[j];
                if( entry !== null ) {
                    src[j] = null;
                    do {
                        var next = entry._next,
                            i = this.self( arguments )._indexFor( entry._hash, newCapacity );
                        entry._next = newTable[i];
                        newTable[i] = entry;
                        entry = next;
                    } while( entry !== null );
                }
            }
        },

        putAll: function (map) {
            var numKeyToBeAdded = map.size();
            if( numKeyToBeAdded === 0 ) {
                return;
            }

            if( numKeyToBeAdded > this._threshold ) {
                var targetCapacity = (numKeyToBeAdded / this._loadFactor + 1) | 0;
                if( targetCapacity > this.self( arguments ).MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ) {
                    targetCapacity = this.self( arguments ).MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
                }

                var newCapacity = this._table.length;
                while( newCapacity < targetCapacity ) {
                    newCapacity <<= 1;
                }
                if( newCapacity > this._table.length ) {
                    this._resize( newCapacity );
                }
            }

            var iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
            while( iterator.hasNext() ) {
                var entry = iterator.next();
                this.put( entry.getKey(), entry.getValue() );
            }
        },

        remove: function (key) {
            var entry = this._removeEntryForKey( key );
            return entry === null ? null : entry._value;
        },

        _removeEntryForKey: function (key) {
            var hash = (key === null) ? 0 : this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() ),
                i = this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length ),
                prev = this._table[i],
                entry = prev;

            while( entry !== null ) {
                var next = entry._next,
                    /** @type jsava.lang.Object */
                        k;
                if( entry._hash === hash
                    && ( (k = entry._key) === key || ( key !== null && key.equals( k ) ) ) ) {
                    this._modCount++;
                    this._size--;
                    if( prev === entry ) {
                        this._table[i] = next;
                    } else {
                        prev._next = next;
                    }
                    entry._recordRemoval( this );
                    return entry;
                }
                prev = entry;
                entry = next;
            }

            return entry;
        },

        _removeMapping: function (obj) {
            if( obj === null || !qx.Class.implementsInterface( obj, jsava.util.Map.Entry ) ) {
                return null;
            }

            /** @implements jsava.util.Map.Entry */
            var entry = obj,
                key = entry.getKey(),
                hash = (key === null) ? 0 : this.self( arguments )._hash( key.hashCode() ),
                i = this.self( arguments )._indexFor( hash, this._table.length ),
                prev = this._table[i],
                e = prev;

            while( e !== null ) {
                var next = e._next;
                if( e._hash === hash && e.equals( entry ) ) {
                    this._modCount++;
                    this._size--;
                    if( prev === e ) {
                        this._table[i] = next;
                    } else {
                        prev._next = next;
                    }
                    e._recordRemoval( this );
                    return e;
                }
                prev = e;
                e = next;
            }

            return e;
        },

        clear: function () {
            this._modCount++;
            var table = this._table;
            for( var i = 0; i < table.length; i++ ) {
                table[i] = null;
            }
            this._size = 0;
        },

        containsValue: function (value) {
            if( value === null ) {
                return this.__containsNullValue();
            }

            var table = this._table;
            for( var i = 0; i < table.length; i++ ) {
                for( var entry = table[i]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                    if( value.equals( entry._value ) ) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }

            return false;
        },

        __containsNullValue: function () {
            var table = this._table;
            for( var i = 0; i < table.length; i++ ) {
                for( var entry = table[i]; entry !== null; entry = entry._next ) {
                    if( entry._value === null ) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }

            return false;
        },

        clone: function () {
            /** @type jsava.util.HashMap */
            var result = null;
            try {
                result = this.base( arguments );
            } catch( e ) {
                if( !qx.Class.isSubClassOf( e.constructor, jsava.lang.CloneNotSupportedException ) ) {
                    throw e;
                }
            }

            result._table = jsava.JsavaUtils.emptyArrayOfGivenSize( this._table.length, null );
            result.__entrySet = null;
            result._modCount = 0;
            result._size = 0;
            result._init();
            result.__putAllForCreate( this );

            return result;
        },

        _addEntry: function (hash, key, value, bucketIndex) {
            var entry = this._table[bucketIndex];
            this._table[bucketIndex] = new (this.self( arguments ).Entry)( hash, key, value, entry );
            if( this._size++ >= this._threshold ) {
                this._resize( 2 * this._table.length );
            }
        },

        _createEntry: function (hash, key, value, bucketIndex) {
            var entry = this._table[bucketIndex];
            this._table[bucketIndex] = new (this.self( arguments ).Entry)( hash, key, value, entry );
            this._size++;
        },

        keySet: function () {
            var keySet = this._keySet;
            return keySet !== null ? keySet : ( this._keySet = new this.KeySet( this ) );
        },

        values: function () {
            var values = this._values;
            return values !== null ? values : ( this._values = new this.Values( this ) );
        },

        entrySet: function () {
            return this.__entrySet0();
        },

        __entrySet0: function () {
            var entrySet = this.__entrySet;
            return entrySet !== null ? entrySet : ( this.__entrySet = new this.EntrySet( this ) );
        },

        /** @private */
        HashIterator: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.HashIterator', {
            extend: jsava.lang.Object,
            implement: [jsava.util.Iterator],

            type: 'abstract',

            /** @protected */
            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.__thisHashMap = thisHashMap;
                this._expectedModCount = this.__thisHashMap._modCount;
                if( this.__thisHashMap._size > 0 ) {
                    var table = this.__thisHashMap._table;
                    while( this._index < table.length && ( this._next = table[this._index++] ) === null ) {
                        // do nothing
                    }
                }
            },

            members: {
                __thisHashMap: null,

                /** @type jsava.util.HashMap.Entry */
                _next: null,
                /** @type Number */
                _expectedModCount: 0,
                /** @type Number */
                _index: 0,
                /** @type jsava.util.HashMap.Entry */
                _current: null,

                hasNext: function () {
                    return this._next !== null;
                },

                _nextEntry: function () {
                    if( this.__thisHashMap._modCount !== this._expectedModCount ) {
                        throw new jsava.lang.ConcurrentModificationException();
                    }

                    var entry = this._next;
                    if( entry === null ) {
                        throw new jsava.lang.NoSuchElementException();
                    }

                    if( (this._next = entry._next) === null ) {
                        var table = this.__thisHashMap._table;
                        while( this._index < table.length && ( this._next = table[this._index++] ) === null ) {
                            // do nothing
                        }
                    }

                    this._current = entry;
                    return entry;
                },

                remove: function () {
                    if( this._current === null ) {
                        throw new jsava.lang.IllegalStateException();
                    }

                    if( this.__thisHashMap._modCount !== this._expectedModCount ) {
                        throw new jsava.lang.ConcurrentModificationException();
                    }

                    var key = this._current._key;
                    this._current = null;
                    this.__thisHashMap._removeEntryForKey( key );
                    this._expectedModCount = this.__thisHashMap._modCount;
                }
            }
        } ),

        _newKeyIterator: function () {
            return new this.KeyIterator( this );
        },

        _newValueIterator: function () {
            return new this.ValueIterator( this );
        },

        _newEntryIterator: function () {
            return new this.EntryIterator( this );
        },

        /** @private */
        ValueIterator: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.ValueIterator', {
            extend: jsava.util.HashMap.HashIterator,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments, thisHashMap );
            },

            members: {
                next: function () {
                    return this._nextEntry()._value;
                }
            }
        } ),

        /** @private */
        KeyIterator: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.KeyIterator', {
            extend: jsava.util.HashMap.HashIterator,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments, thisHashMap );
            },

            members: {
                next: function () {
                    return this._nextEntry().getKey();
                }
            }
        } ),

        /** @private */
        EntryIterator: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.EntryIterator', {
            extend: jsava.util.HashMap.HashIterator,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments, thisHashMap );
            },

            members: {
                next: function () {
                    return this._nextEntry();
                }
            }
        } ),

        /** @private */
        KeySet: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.KeySet', {
            extend: jsava.util.AbstractSet,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments );
                this.__thisHashMap = thisHashMap;
            },

            members: {
                __thisHashMap: null,

                iterator: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._newKeyIterator();
                },

                size: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._size;
                },

                contains: function (obj) {
                    return this.__thisHashMap.containsKey( obj );
                },

                remove: function (obj) {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._removeEntryForKey( obj ) !== null;
                },

                clear: function () {
                    this.__thisHashMap.clear();
                }
            }
        } ),

        /** @private */
        Values: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.Values', {
            extend: jsava.util.AbstractCollection,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments );
                this.__thisHashMap = thisHashMap;
            },

            members: {
                __thisHashMap: null,

                iterator: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._newValueIterator();
                },

                size: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._size;
                },

                contains: function (obj) {
                    return this.__thisHashMap.containsValue( obj );
                },

                clear: function () {
                    this.__thisHashMap.clear();
                }
            }
        } ),

        /** @private */
        EntrySet: qx.Class.define( 'jsava.util.HashMap.EntrySet', {
            extend: jsava.util.AbstractSet,

            construct: function (thisHashMap) {
                this.base( arguments );
                this.__thisHashMap = thisHashMap;
            },

            members: {
                __thisHashMap: null,

                iterator: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._newEntryIterator();
                },

                size: function () {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._size;
                },

                contains: function (obj) {
                    if( obj === null || !qx.Class.implementsInterface( obj, jsava.util.Map.Entry ) ) {
                        return false;
                    }

                    /** @implements jsava.util.Map.Entry */
                    var entry = obj,
                        candidate = this.__thisHashMap._getEntry( entry.getKey() );
                    return candidate !== null && candidate.equals( entry );
                },

                remove: function (obj) {
                    return this.__thisHashMap._removeMapping( obj ) !== null;
                },

                clear: function () {
                    this.__thisHashMap.clear();
                }
            }
        } )
    }
} );

不幸的是，之前的答案都不适合我的情况:不同的键对象可能具有相同的散列代码。因此，我写了一个简单的类似java的HashMap版本:

function HashMap() {
    this.buckets = {};
}

HashMap.prototype.put = function(key, value) {
    var hashCode = key.hashCode();
    var bucket = this.buckets[hashCode];
    if (!bucket) {
        bucket = new Array();
        this.buckets[hashCode] = bucket;
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
        if (bucket[i].key.equals(key)) {
            bucket[i].value = value;
            return;
        }
    }
    bucket.push({ key: key, value: value });
}

HashMap.prototype.get = function(key) {
    var hashCode = key.hashCode();
    var bucket = this.buckets[hashCode];
    if (!bucket) {
        return null;
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
        if (bucket[i].key.equals(key)) {
            return bucket[i].value;
        }
    }
}

HashMap.prototype.keys = function() {
    var keys = new Array();
    for (var hashKey in this.buckets) {
        var bucket = this.buckets[hashKey];
        for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
            keys.push(bucket[i].key);
        }
    }
    return keys;
}

HashMap.prototype.values = function() {
    var values = new Array();
    for (var hashKey in this.buckets) {
        var bucket = this.buckets[hashKey];
        for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
            values.push(bucket[i].value);
        }
    }
    return values;
}

注意:键对象必须“实现”hashCode()和equals()方法。

在ECMAScript 6中，你可以使用WeakMap。

例子:

var wm1 = new WeakMap(),
    wm2 = new WeakMap(),
    wm3 = new WeakMap();
var o1 = {},
    o2 = function(){},
    o3 = window;

wm1.set(o1, 37);
wm1.set(o2, "azerty");
wm2.set(o1, o2); // A value can be anything, including an object or a function
wm2.set(o3, undefined);
wm2.set(wm1, wm2); // Keys and values can be any objects. Even WeakMaps!

wm1.get(o2); // "azerty"
wm2.get(o2); // Undefined, because there is no value for o2 on wm2
wm2.get(o3); // Undefined, because that is the set value

wm1.has(o2); // True
wm2.has(o2); // False
wm2.has(o3); // True (even if the value itself is 'undefined')

wm3.set(o1, 37);
wm3.get(o1); // 37
wm3.clear();
wm3.get(o1); // Undefined, because wm3 was cleared and there is no value for o1 anymore

wm1.has(o1);   // True
wm1.delete(o1);
wm1.has(o1);   // False

But:

因为引用是弱的，WeakMap键是不可枚举的(也就是说，没有方法给你一个键的列表)。