不幸的是，之前的答案都不适合我的情况:不同的键对象可能具有相同的散列代码。因此，我写了一个简单的类似java的HashMap版本:

function HashMap() {
    this.buckets = {};
}

HashMap.prototype.put = function(key, value) {
    var hashCode = key.hashCode();
    var bucket = this.buckets[hashCode];
    if (!bucket) {
        bucket = new Array();
        this.buckets[hashCode] = bucket;
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
        if (bucket[i].key.equals(key)) {
            bucket[i].value = value;
            return;
        }
    }
    bucket.push({ key: key, value: value });
}

HashMap.prototype.get = function(key) {
    var hashCode = key.hashCode();
    var bucket = this.buckets[hashCode];
    if (!bucket) {
        return null;
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
        if (bucket[i].key.equals(key)) {
            return bucket[i].value;
        }
    }
}

HashMap.prototype.keys = function() {
    var keys = new Array();
    for (var hashKey in this.buckets) {
        var bucket = this.buckets[hashKey];
        for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
            keys.push(bucket[i].key);
        }
    }
    return keys;
}

HashMap.prototype.values = function() {
    var values = new Array();
    for (var hashKey in this.buckets) {
        var bucket = this.buckets[hashKey];
        for (var i = 0; i < bucket.length; ++i) {
            values.push(bucket[i].value);
        }
    }
    return values;
}

注意:键对象必须“实现”hashCode()和equals()方法。

JavaScript没有内置的map/hashmap。它应该被称为关联数组。

hash["X"]等于hash。X，但它允许“X”作为字符串变量。 换句话说，hash[x]在函数上等于eval("hash."+x. tostring())。

它更类似于object。属性而不是键值映射。 如果你在JavaScript中寻找一个更好的键/值映射，请使用Map对象。

这看起来很健壮 解决方案:https://github.com/flesler/hashmap

它甚至可以很好地用于看起来相同的函数和对象。它使用的唯一hack是向对象添加一个模糊成员来标识它。如果您的程序没有覆盖这个模糊的变量(它类似于hashid)，那么您就很好了。

我已经实现了一个JavaScript HashMap，其代码可以从http://github.com/lambder/HashMapJS/tree/master获得

代码如下:

/*
 =====================================================================
 @license MIT
 @author Lambder
 @copyright 2009 Lambder.
 @end
 =====================================================================
 */
var HashMap = function() {
  this.initialize();
}

HashMap.prototype = {
  hashkey_prefix: "<#HashMapHashkeyPerfix>",
  hashcode_field: "<#HashMapHashkeyPerfix>",

  initialize: function() {
    this.backing_hash = {};
    this.code = 0;
  },
  /*
   Maps value to key returning previous association
   */
  put: function(key, value) {
    var prev;
    if (key && value) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        prev = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
      } else {
        this.code += 1;
        hashCode = this.hashkey_prefix + this.code;
        key[this.hashcode_field] = hashCode;
      }
      this.backing_hash[hashCode] = value;
    }
    return prev;
  },
  /*
   Returns value associated with given key
   */
  get: function(key) {
    var value;
    if (key) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        value = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
      }
    }
    return value;
  },
  /*
   Deletes association by given key.
   Returns true if the association existed, false otherwise
   */
  del: function(key) {
    var success = false;
    if (key) {
      var hashCode = key[this.hashcode_field];
      if (hashCode) {
        var prev = this.backing_hash[hashCode];
        this.backing_hash[hashCode] = undefined;
        if(prev !== undefined)
          success = true;
      }
    }
    return success;
  }
}

//// Usage

// Creation

var my_map = new HashMap();

// Insertion

var a_key = {};
var a_value = {struct: "structA"};
var b_key = {};
var b_value = {struct: "structB"};
var c_key = {};
var c_value = {struct: "structC"};

my_map.put(a_key, a_value);
my_map.put(b_key, b_value);
var prev_b = my_map.put(b_key, c_value);

// Retrieval

if(my_map.get(a_key) !== a_value){
  throw("fail1")
}
if(my_map.get(b_key) !== c_value){
  throw("fail2")
}
if(prev_b !== b_value){
  throw("fail3")
}

// Deletion

var a_existed = my_map.del(a_key);
var c_existed = my_map.del(c_key);
var a2_existed = my_map.del(a_key);

if(a_existed !== true){
  throw("fail4")
}
if(c_existed !== false){
  throw("fail5")
}
if(a2_existed !== false){
  throw("fail6")
}

根据ECMAScript 2015 (ES6)，标准JavaScript有一个Map实现。更多信息可以在这里找到。

基本用法:

var myMap = new Map();
var keyString = "a string",
    keyObj = {},
    keyFunc = function () {};

// Setting the values
myMap.set(keyString, "value associated with 'a string'");
myMap.set(keyObj, "value associated with keyObj");
myMap.set(keyFunc, "value associated with keyFunc");

myMap.size; // 3

// Getting the values
myMap.get(keyString);    // "value associated with 'a string'"
myMap.get(keyObj);       // "value associated with keyObj"
myMap.get(keyFunc);      // "value associated with keyFunc"

下面是一种使用类似Java映射的简单而方便的方法:

var map = {
              'map_name_1': map_value_1,
              'map_name_2': map_value_2,
              'map_name_3': map_value_3,
              'map_name_4': map_value_4
          }

为了得到值:

alert(map['map_name_1']);    // Gives the value of map_value_1

... etc. ...