下面是我生成一个数据框架的代码:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
dff = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(1,2),columns=list('AB'))
然后我得到了数据框架:
+------------+---------+--------+
| | A | B |
+------------+---------+---------
| 0 | 0.626386| 1.52325|
+------------+---------+--------+
当我输入命令时:
dff.mean(axis=1)
我得到:
0 1.074821
dtype: float64
根据pandas的参考，axis=1代表列，我希望命令的结果是
A 0.626386
B 1.523255
dtype: float64
我的问题是:轴在熊猫中是什么意思?
当前回答
我认为还有另一种理解方式。
对于np。数组，如果我们想要消除列，我们使用axis = 1;如果我们想消除行，我们使用axis = 0。
np.mean(np.array(np.ones(shape=(3,5,10))),axis = 0).shape # (5,10)
np.mean(np.array(np.ones(shape=(3,5,10))),axis = 1).shape # (3,10)
np.mean(np.array(np.ones(shape=(3,5,10))),axis = (0,1)).shape # (10,)
对于pandas对象，axis = 0表示按行操作，axis = 1表示按列操作。这与numpy的定义不同，我们可以检查numpy.doc和pandas.doc的定义
其他回答
axis=1，它将给出行和，keepdims=True将保持2D维度。 希望对你有所帮助。
The easiest way for me to understand is to talk about whether you are calculating a statistic for each column (axis = 0) or each row (axis = 1). If you calculate a statistic, say a mean, with axis = 0 you will get that statistic for each column. So if each observation is a row and each variable is in a column, you would get the mean of each variable. If you set axis = 1 then you will calculate your statistic for each row. In our example, you would get the mean for each observation across all of your variables (perhaps you want the average of related measures).
轴= 0:按列=按列=沿行
轴= 1:按行=按行=沿列
这里的许多答案对我帮助很大!
如果你对Python中的axis和R中的MARGIN的不同行为感到困惑(比如在apply函数中)，你可以找到我写的一篇感兴趣的博客文章:https://accio.github.io/programming/2020/05/19/numpy-pandas-axis.html。
从本质上讲:
Their behaviours are, intriguingly, easier to understand with three-dimensional array than with two-dimensional arrays. In Python packages numpy and pandas, the axis parameter in sum actually specifies numpy to calculate the mean of all values that can be fetched in the form of array[0, 0, ..., i, ..., 0] where i iterates through all possible values. The process is repeated with the position of i fixed and the indices of other dimensions vary one after the other (from the most far-right element). The result is a n-1-dimensional array. In R, the MARGINS parameter let the apply function calculate the mean of all values that can be fetched in the form of array[, ... , i, ... ,] where i iterates through all possible values. The process is not repeated when all i values have been iterated. Therefore, the result is a simple vector.
轴在编程中是形状元组中的位置。这里有一个例子:
import numpy as np
a=np.arange(120).reshape(2,3,4,5)
a.shape
Out[3]: (2, 3, 4, 5)
np.sum(a,axis=0).shape
Out[4]: (3, 4, 5)
np.sum(a,axis=1).shape
Out[5]: (2, 4, 5)
np.sum(a,axis=2).shape
Out[6]: (2, 3, 5)
np.sum(a,axis=3).shape
Out[7]: (2, 3, 4)
轴上的均值将导致该维度被移除。
参考原题，dff形状为(1,2)。使用axis=1将形状更改为(1，)。
Axis指的是数组的维度，在pd的情况下。DataFrames轴=0是指向下方的维度，轴=1是指向右侧的维度。
示例:考虑一个形状为(3,5,7)的ndarray。
a = np.ones((3,5,7))
A是一个三维ndarray，即它有3个轴(“axis”是“axis”的复数)。a的构型看起来就像3片面包每片的尺寸都是5乘7。A[0，:，:]表示第0个切片，A[1，:，:]表示第1个切片，等等。
a.s sum(axis=0)将沿着a的第0个轴应用sum()。你将添加所有的切片，最终得到一个形状(5,7)的切片。
a.s sum(axis=0)等价于
b = np.zeros((5,7))
for i in range(5):
for j in range(7):
b[i,j] += a[:,i,j].sum()
B和a.sum(轴=0)看起来都是这样的
array([[ 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3.],
[ 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3.],
[ 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3.],
[ 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3.],
[ 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3., 3.]])
在警局里。DataFrame，轴的工作方式与numpy相同。数组:axis=0将对每一列应用sum()或任何其他约简函数。
注意:在@zhangxaochen的回答中，我发现“沿着行”和“沿着列”这两个短语有点让人困惑。Axis =0表示“沿每列”，Axis =1表示“沿每行”。
