我一直在阅读很多关于finalize()的Java新手问题，并发现没有人真正清楚地表明finalize()是一种不可靠的清理资源的方法，这有点令人困惑。我看到有人评论说他们用它来清理连接，这真的很可怕，因为唯一接近于保证连接关闭的方法是最后实现try (catch)。
我没有学过CS，但我已经用Java专业编程近十年了，我从来没有见过有人在生产系统中实现finalize()。这并不意味着它没有用处，或者和我一起工作的人一直在做正确的事情。
所以我的问题是，实现finalize()有哪些用例不能通过语言中的另一个进程或语法更可靠地处理?
请提供具体的场景或您的经验，简单地重复Java教科书，或最终确定的预期用途是不够的，因为这不是这个问题的意图。
当前回答
作为旁注:
覆盖finalize()的对象由垃圾回收器进行特殊处理。通常，在对象不再在作用域中后，在收集周期中立即销毁对象。但是，可终结对象被移到队列中，在队列中，独立的终结线程将耗尽队列并在每个对象上运行finalize()方法。一旦finalize()方法终止，对象就可以在下一个循环中进行垃圾收集了。
源代码:finalize()在java-9上已弃用
其他回答
为了强调以上答案中的一点:终结器将在单独的GC线程上执行。我听说过一个大型的Sun演示，开发人员在一些终结器中添加了一个小睡眠，并故意让一个原本花哨的3D演示崩溃。
最好避免，可能的例外是test-env诊断。
Eckel的《Thinking in Java》在这方面有一个很好的章节。
finalize()是对JVM的一个提示，建议在未指定的时间执行代码。当您希望代码莫名其妙地无法运行时，这是很好的方法。
在终结器中做任何重要的事情(基本上除了日志)在三种情况下也很好:
您希望打赌其他已完成的对象仍然处于程序其余部分认为有效的状态。 您希望向所有具有终结器的类的所有方法添加大量检查代码，以确保它们在终结后行为正确。 您希望意外地复活已完成的对象，并花费大量时间试图弄清楚为什么它们不起作用，和/或为什么它们在最终释放时没有最终完成。
If you think you need finalize(), sometimes what you really want is a phantom reference (which in the example given could hold a hard reference to a connection used by its referand, and close it after the phantom reference has been queued). This also has the property that it may mysteriously never run, but at least it can't call methods on or resurrect finalized objects. So it's just right for situations where you don't absolutely need to close that connection cleanly, but you'd quite like to, and the clients of your class can't or won't call close themselves (which is actually fair enough - what's the point of having a garbage collector at all if you design interfaces that require a specific action be taken prior to collection? That just puts us back in the days of malloc/free.)
Other times you need the resource you think you're managing to be more robust. For example, why do you need to close that connection? It must ultimately be based on some kind of I/O provided by the system (socket, file, whatever), so why can't you rely on the system to close it for you when the lowest level of resource is gced? If the server at the other end absolutely requires you to close the connection cleanly rather than just dropping the socket, then what's going to happen when someone trips over the power cable of the machine your code is running on, or the intervening network goes out?
免责声明:我以前在JVM实现上工作过。我讨厌终结者。
作为旁注:
覆盖finalize()的对象由垃圾回收器进行特殊处理。通常，在对象不再在作用域中后，在收集周期中立即销毁对象。但是，可终结对象被移到队列中，在队列中，独立的终结线程将耗尽队列并在每个对象上运行finalize()方法。一旦finalize()方法终止，对象就可以在下一个循环中进行垃圾收集了。
源代码:finalize()在java-9上已弃用
自1998年以来，我一直在从事Java专业工作，但我从未实现过finalize()。一次也没有。
Be careful about what you do in a finalize(). Especially if you are using it for things like calling close() to ensure that resources are cleaned up. We ran into several situations where we had JNI libraries linked in to the running java code, and in any circumstances where we used finalize() to invoke JNI methods, we would get very bad java heap corruption. The corruption was not caused by the underlying JNI code itself, all of the memory traces were fine in the native libraries. It was just the fact that we were calling JNI methods from the finalize() at all.
这是JDK 1.5，它仍然在广泛使用。
直到很久以后，我们才发现出了问题，但最终罪魁祸首始终是使用JNI调用的finalize()方法。
