给出两条绝对路径,例如
/var/data/stuff/xyz.dat
/var/data
如何创建一个以第二条路径为基础的相对路径?在上面的例子中,结果应该是:./stuff/xyz.dat
给出两条绝对路径,例如
/var/data/stuff/xyz.dat
/var/data
如何创建一个以第二条路径为基础的相对路径?在上面的例子中,结果应该是:./stuff/xyz.dat
当前回答
这里已经有很多答案了,但我发现他们并不能处理所有的情况,比如基地和目标是相同的。这个函数接受一个基本目录和一个目标路径,并返回相对路径。如果不存在相对路径,则返回目标路径。文件。分隔符是不必要的。
public static String getRelativePath (String baseDir, String targetPath) {
String[] base = baseDir.replace('\\', '/').split("\\/");
targetPath = targetPath.replace('\\', '/');
String[] target = targetPath.split("\\/");
// Count common elements and their length.
int commonCount = 0, commonLength = 0, maxCount = Math.min(target.length, base.length);
while (commonCount < maxCount) {
String targetElement = target[commonCount];
if (!targetElement.equals(base[commonCount])) break;
commonCount++;
commonLength += targetElement.length() + 1; // Directory name length plus slash.
}
if (commonCount == 0) return targetPath; // No common path element.
int targetLength = targetPath.length();
int dirsUp = base.length - commonCount;
StringBuffer relative = new StringBuffer(dirsUp * 3 + targetLength - commonLength + 1);
for (int i = 0; i < dirsUp; i++)
relative.append("../");
if (commonLength < targetLength) relative.append(targetPath.substring(commonLength));
return relative.toString();
}
其他回答
我的版本大致基于马特和史蒂夫的版本:
/**
* Returns the path of one File relative to another.
*
* @param target the target directory
* @param base the base directory
* @return target's path relative to the base directory
* @throws IOException if an error occurs while resolving the files' canonical names
*/
public static File getRelativeFile(File target, File base) throws IOException
{
String[] baseComponents = base.getCanonicalPath().split(Pattern.quote(File.separator));
String[] targetComponents = target.getCanonicalPath().split(Pattern.quote(File.separator));
// skip common components
int index = 0;
for (; index < targetComponents.length && index < baseComponents.length; ++index)
{
if (!targetComponents[index].equals(baseComponents[index]))
break;
}
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
if (index != baseComponents.length)
{
// backtrack to base directory
for (int i = index; i < baseComponents.length; ++i)
result.append(".." + File.separator);
}
for (; index < targetComponents.length; ++index)
result.append(targetComponents[index] + File.separator);
if (!target.getPath().endsWith("/") && !target.getPath().endsWith("\\"))
{
// remove final path separator
result.delete(result.length() - File.separator.length(), result.length());
}
return new File(result.toString());
}
递归产生一个较小的解决方案。如果结果不可能(例如不同的Windows磁盘)或不切实际(根目录只是普通目录),则抛出异常。
/**
* Computes the path for a file relative to a given base, or fails if the only shared
* directory is the root and the absolute form is better.
*
* @param base File that is the base for the result
* @param name File to be "relativized"
* @return the relative name
* @throws IOException if files have no common sub-directories, i.e. at best share the
* root prefix "/" or "C:\"
*/
public static String getRelativePath(File base, File name) throws IOException {
File parent = base.getParentFile();
if (parent == null) {
throw new IOException("No common directory");
}
String bpath = base.getCanonicalPath();
String fpath = name.getCanonicalPath();
if (fpath.startsWith(bpath)) {
return fpath.substring(bpath.length() + 1);
} else {
return (".." + File.separator + getRelativePath(parent, name));
}
}
这里有一个其他库免费的解决方案:
Path sourceFile = Paths.get("some/common/path/example/a/b/c/f1.txt");
Path targetFile = Paths.get("some/common/path/example/d/e/f2.txt");
Path relativePath = sourceFile.relativize(targetFile);
System.out.println(relativePath);
输出
..\..\..\..\d\e\f2.txt
[编辑]实际上它输出更多。因为源文件不是目录。对于我的情况,正确的解决方案是:
Path sourceFile = Paths.get(new File("some/common/path/example/a/b/c/f1.txt").parent());
Path targetFile = Paths.get("some/common/path/example/d/e/f2.txt");
Path relativePath = sourceFile.relativize(targetFile);
System.out.println(relativePath);
实际上,如果目标路径不是基路径的子路径,我的另一个答案是不成立的。
这应该有用。
public class RelativePathFinder {
public static String getRelativePath(String targetPath, String basePath,
String pathSeparator) {
// find common path
String[] target = targetPath.split(pathSeparator);
String[] base = basePath.split(pathSeparator);
String common = "";
int commonIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < target.length && i < base.length; i++) {
if (target[i].equals(base[i])) {
common += target[i] + pathSeparator;
commonIndex++;
}
}
String relative = "";
// is the target a child directory of the base directory?
// i.e., target = /a/b/c/d, base = /a/b/
if (commonIndex == base.length) {
relative = "." + pathSeparator + targetPath.substring(common.length());
}
else {
// determine how many directories we have to backtrack
for (int i = 1; i <= commonIndex; i++) {
relative += ".." + pathSeparator;
}
relative += targetPath.substring(common.length());
}
return relative;
}
public static String getRelativePath(String targetPath, String basePath) {
return getRelativePath(targetPath, basePath, File.pathSeparator);
}
}
public class RelativePathFinderTest extends TestCase {
public void testGetRelativePath() {
assertEquals("./stuff/xyz.dat", RelativePathFinder.getRelativePath(
"/var/data/stuff/xyz.dat", "/var/data/", "/"));
assertEquals("../../b/c", RelativePathFinder.getRelativePath("/a/b/c",
"/a/x/y/", "/"));
}
}
如果路径在JRE 1.5运行时或maven插件中不可用
package org.afc.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
public class FileUtil {
public static String getRelativePath(String basePath, String filePath) {
return getRelativePath(new File(basePath), new File(filePath));
}
public static String getRelativePath(File base, File file) {
List<String> bases = new LinkedList<String>();
bases.add(0, base.getName());
for (File parent = base.getParentFile(); parent != null; parent = parent.getParentFile()) {
bases.add(0, parent.getName());
}
List<String> files = new LinkedList<String>();
files.add(0, file.getName());
for (File parent = file.getParentFile(); parent != null; parent = parent.getParentFile()) {
files.add(0, parent.getName());
}
int overlapIndex = 0;
while (overlapIndex < bases.size() && overlapIndex < files.size() && bases.get(overlapIndex).equals(files.get(overlapIndex))) {
overlapIndex++;
}
StringBuilder relativePath = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = overlapIndex; i < bases.size(); i++) {
relativePath.append("..").append(File.separatorChar);
}
for (int i = overlapIndex; i < files.size(); i++) {
relativePath.append(files.get(i)).append(File.separatorChar);
}
relativePath.deleteCharAt(relativePath.length() - 1);
return relativePath.toString();
}
}