建议:

def peek(iterable):
    try:
        first = next(iterable)
    except StopIteration:
        return None
    return first, itertools.chain([first], iterable)

用法:

res = peek(mysequence)
if res is None:
    # sequence is empty.  Do stuff.
else:
    first, mysequence = res
    # Do something with first, maybe?
    # Then iterate over the sequence:
    for element in mysequence:
        # etc.

为了表达我的“2美分”，我将描述一下我的经历:

我有一个生成器，我需要用itertools切片它。分成小发电机。然后检查我的子生成器是否为空，我只是将它们转换/消耗到一个小列表中，然后检查列表是否为空。

例如:

from itertools import islice

def generator(max_yield=10):
    a = 0

    while True:
        a += 1

        if a > max_yield:
            raise StopIteration()

        yield a

tg = generator()

label = 1

while True:
    itg = list(islice(tg, 3))

    if not itg:  # <-- I check if the list is empty or not
        break

    for i in itg:
        print(f'#{label} - {i}')

    label += 1

输出:

#1 - 1
#1 - 2
#1 - 3
#2 - 4
#2 - 5
#2 - 6
#3 - 7
#3 - 8
#3 - 9
#4 - 10

也许这不是最好的方法，主要是因为它会消耗生成器，但对我来说却是可行的。

恕我直言，最好的办法是避免特殊测试。大多数时候，使用生成器是一种测试:

thing_generated = False

# Nothing is lost here. if nothing is generated, 
# the for block is not executed. Often, that's the only check
# you need to do. This can be done in the course of doing
# the work you wanted to do anyway on the generated output.
for thing in my_generator():
    thing_generated = True
    do_work(thing)

如果这还不够好，您仍然可以执行显式测试。此时，thing将包含最后生成的值。如果没有生成任何内容，它将是未定义的—除非您已经定义了该变量。你可以检查东西的价值，但那有点不可靠。相反，只需在块内设置一个标志，然后检查它:

if not thing_generated:
    print "Avast, ye scurvy dog!"

建议:

def peek(iterable):
    try:
        first = next(iterable)
    except StopIteration:
        return None
    return first, itertools.chain([first], iterable)

用法:

res = peek(mysequence)
if res is None:
    # sequence is empty.  Do stuff.
else:
    first, mysequence = res
    # Do something with first, maybe?
    # Then iterate over the sequence:
    for element in mysequence:
        # etc.

我发现只有这个解决方案也适用于空迭代。

def is_generator_empty(generator):
    a, b = itertools.tee(generator)
    try:
        next(a)
    except StopIteration:
        return True, b
    return False, b

is_empty, generator = is_generator_empty(generator)

或者如果你不想使用异常来尝试使用

def is_generator_empty(generator):
    a, b = itertools.tee(generator)
    for item in a:
        return False, b
    return True, b

is_empty, generator = is_generator_empty(generator)

在标记的解决方案中，您不能将其用于空生成器，如

def get_empty_generator():
    while False:
        yield None 

generator = get_empty_generator()

要查看生成器是否为空，只需尝试获得下一个结果。当然，如果你还没有准备好使用这个结果，那么你必须存储它，以便以后再次返回。

下面是一个包装器类，可以添加到现有的迭代器中以添加__nonzero__测试，因此您可以通过简单的if查看生成器是否为空。它也可以变成一个装饰器。

class GenWrapper:
    def __init__(self, iter):
        self.source = iter
        self.stored = False

    def __iter__(self):
        return self

    def __nonzero__(self):
        if self.stored:
            return True
        try:
            self.value = next(self.source)
            self.stored = True
        except StopIteration:
            return False
        return True

    def __next__(self):  # use "next" (without underscores) for Python 2.x
        if self.stored:
            self.stored = False
            return self.value
        return next(self.source)

下面是你如何使用它:

with open(filename, 'r') as f:
    f = GenWrapper(f)
    if f:
        print 'Not empty'
    else:
        print 'Empty'

请注意，您可以在任何时候检查空，而不仅仅是在迭代的开始。