Inserts to a table having a clustered index where the insertion occurs in the middle of the sequence DOES NOT cause the index to be rewritten. It does not cause the pages comprising the data to be rewritten. If there is room on the page where the row will go, then it is placed in that page. The single page will be reformatted to place the row in the right place in the page. When the page is full, a page split will happen, with half of the rows on the page going to one page, and half going on the other. The pages are then relinked into the linked list of pages that comprise a tables data that has the clustered index. At most, you will end up writing 2 pages of database.

使用string作为主键的另一个问题是，由于索引不断按顺序排列，当创建一个新键时，索引必须重新排序……如果使用自动编号整数，则新键只添加到索引的末尾。

指数意味着大量的比较。

通常，字符串比整数长，并且可以应用排序规则进行比较，因此比较字符串通常比比较整数需要更多的计算量。

不过，有时使用字符串作为主键要比使用字符串与数字id表进行额外的连接更快。

变量太多了。这取决于表的大小，索引，字符串键域的性质…

一般来说，整数会更快。但差别大到足以让人在意吗?这很难说。

另外，你选择字符串的动机是什么?数字型的自动递增键通常也容易得多。是语义上的吗?方便?复制/断开连接问题?你的回答可能会限制你的选择。这也会让你想起你忘记的第三个“混合”选项:Guids。

Inserts to a table having a clustered index where the insertion occurs in the middle of the sequence DOES NOT cause the index to be rewritten. It does not cause the pages comprising the data to be rewritten. If there is room on the page where the row will go, then it is placed in that page. The single page will be reformatted to place the row in the right place in the page. When the page is full, a page split will happen, with half of the rows on the page going to one page, and half going on the other. The pages are then relinked into the linked list of pages that comprise a tables data that has the clustered index. At most, you will end up writing 2 pages of database.

Technically yes, but if a string makes sense to be the primary key then you should probably use it. This all depends on the size of the table you're making it for and the length of the string that is going to be the primary key (longer strings == harder to compare). I wouldn't necessarily use a string for a table that has millions of rows, but the amount of performance slowdown you'll get by using a string on smaller tables will be minuscule to the headaches that you can have by having an integer that doesn't mean anything in relation to the data.