对于当前(2021-2)Java版本，仍然有旧的ISO-8859-1函数utils.Properties#load。

如果您使用属性。装载时必须使用ISO-8859-1。 如果使用ResourceBundle，那么UTF-8应该没问题。

请允许我引用官方文件。

PropertyResourceBundle

PropertyResourceBundle can be constructed either from an InputStream or a Reader, which represents a property file. Constructing a PropertyResourceBundle instance from an InputStream requires that the input stream be encoded in UTF-8. By default, if a MalformedInputException or an UnmappableCharacterException occurs on reading the input stream, then the PropertyResourceBundle instance resets to the state before the exception, re-reads the input stream in ISO-8859-1, and continues reading. If the system property java.util.PropertyResourceBundle.encoding is set to either "ISO-8859-1" or "UTF-8", the input stream is solely read in that encoding, and throws the exception if it encounters an invalid sequence. If "ISO-8859-1" is specified, characters that cannot be represented in ISO-8859-1 encoding must be represented by Unicode Escapes as defined in section 3.3 of The Java™ Language Specification whereas the other constructor which takes a Reader does not have that limitation. Other encoding values are ignored for this system property. The system property is read and evaluated when initializing this class. Changing or removing the property has no effect after the initialization.

https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/util/PropertyResourceBundle.html

属性#负载

从输入字节流中读取属性列表(键和元素对)。输入流采用load(Reader)中指定的简单的面向行的格式，并假定使用ISO 8859-1字符编码;即每个字节是一个拉丁字符。非拉丁字符1和某些特殊字符使用Java™语言规范3.3节中定义的Unicode转义符在键和元素中表示。

https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Properties.html加载(java.io.InputStream)

看这个:http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Properties.html#load(java.io.Reader)

属性接受Reader对象作为参数，您可以从InputStream创建该对象。

在创建时，你可以指定Reader的编码:

InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(stream, "UTF-8");

然后将这个Reader应用到load方法:

prop.load(isr);

顺便说一句:从.properties文件中获取流:

 InputStream stream = this.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("a.properties");

顺便说一句:从InputStreamReader获取资源包:

ResourceBundle rb = new PropertyResourceBundle(isr);

希望这能帮助到你!

不管怎样，我的问题是文件本身的编码是错误的。使用iconv对我很有效

iconv -f ISO-8859-15 -t UTF-8  messages_nl.properties > messages_nl.properties.new

对于当前(2021-2)Java版本，仍然有旧的ISO-8859-1函数utils.Properties#load。

如果您使用属性。装载时必须使用ISO-8859-1。 如果使用ResourceBundle，那么UTF-8应该没问题。

请允许我引用官方文件。

PropertyResourceBundle

PropertyResourceBundle can be constructed either from an InputStream or a Reader, which represents a property file. Constructing a PropertyResourceBundle instance from an InputStream requires that the input stream be encoded in UTF-8. By default, if a MalformedInputException or an UnmappableCharacterException occurs on reading the input stream, then the PropertyResourceBundle instance resets to the state before the exception, re-reads the input stream in ISO-8859-1, and continues reading. If the system property java.util.PropertyResourceBundle.encoding is set to either "ISO-8859-1" or "UTF-8", the input stream is solely read in that encoding, and throws the exception if it encounters an invalid sequence. If "ISO-8859-1" is specified, characters that cannot be represented in ISO-8859-1 encoding must be represented by Unicode Escapes as defined in section 3.3 of The Java™ Language Specification whereas the other constructor which takes a Reader does not have that limitation. Other encoding values are ignored for this system property. The system property is read and evaluated when initializing this class. Changing or removing the property has no effect after the initialization.

https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/util/PropertyResourceBundle.html

属性#负载

从输入字节流中读取属性列表(键和元素对)。输入流采用load(Reader)中指定的简单的面向行的格式，并假定使用ISO 8859-1字符编码;即每个字节是一个拉丁字符。非拉丁字符1和某些特殊字符使用Java™语言规范3.3节中定义的Unicode转义符在键和元素中表示。

https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/api/java.base/java/util/Properties.html加载(java.io.InputStream)

打开设置/首选项对话框(Ctrl + Alt + S)，然后单击编辑器和文件编码。

然后，在底部，您将找到属性文件的默认编码。选择您的编码类型。

或者，您可以在资源包中使用unicode符号而不是文本(例如“ів”等于\u0456\u0432)

假设你有一个ResourceBundle实例，你可以通过以下方式获取String:

String val = bundle.getString(key); 

我解决了我的日语显示问题:

return new String(val.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");