多年来,我慢慢地开发了一个正则表达式,它可以正确验证大多数电子邮件地址,假设它们不使用IP地址作为服务器部分。

我在几个PHP程序中使用它,而且大多数时候都可以使用。然而,不时有人与我联系,他们对使用它的网站有问题,我最终不得不做出一些调整(最近我意识到我不允许四个字符的TLD)。

你有或见过验证电子邮件的最佳正则表达式是什么?

我见过几种使用函数的解决方案,这些函数使用了几个较短的表达式,但我宁愿在简单函数中使用一个长的复杂表达式,而不是在更复杂的函数中使用几个短表达式。


当前回答

根据我所看到的,一个完全符合标准的正则表达式是允许的:

/^(?!(^[.-].*|.*[.-]@|.*\.{2,}.*)|^.{254}.+@)([a-z\xC0-\xFF0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~.-]+@)(?!.{253}.+$)((?!-.*|.*-\.)([a-z0-9-]{1,63}\.)+[a-z]{2,63}|(([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9])\.){3}([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9]))$/gim

演示/调试分析(交互式)

拆分:

^(?!(^[.-].*|.*[.-]@|.*\.{2,}.*)|^.{254}.+@)
([a-z\xC0-\xFF0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~.-]+@)
(?!.{253}.+$)
(
    (?!-.*|.*-\.)
    ([a-z0-9-]{1,63}\.)+
    [a-z]{2,63}
    |
    (([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9])\.){3}
    ([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9])
)$

分析:

(?!(^[.-].*|.*[.-]@|.*\.{2,}.*)|^.{254}.+@)

对以。,以一结尾,有。。或超过254个字符的最大长度


([a-z\xC0-\xFF0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~.-]+@)

匹配一个或多个允许的字符,并应用负面外观


(?!.{253}.+$)

域名部分的负前瞻性,总共限制为253个字符


(?!-.*|.*-\.)

每个域名的负前瞻性,不允许以开头或结尾。


([a-z0-9-]{1,63}\.)+

域名中允许的字符的简单组匹配,每个字符限制为63个字符


[a-zA-Z]{2,63}

允许的顶级域的简单组匹配,该域目前仍仅限于字母,但确实包含4个字母以上的TLD。


(([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9])\.){3}
([01]?[0-9]{2}|2([0-4][0-9]|5[0-5])|[0-9])

域名的替代方案:这将IP地址中的前3个数字与匹配。然后是IP地址中没有的第四个数字。在它背后。

其他回答

Cal Henderson(Flickr)写了一篇名为《用PHP解析电子邮件地址》的文章,并展示了如何正确解析符合RFC(2)822的电子邮件地址。

您还可以获得PHP、Python和Ruby的源代码,这是CreativeCommons许可的。

为了使用JavaScript验证电子邮件地址,使用此功能更方便和高效(根据W3Schools):

function validateEmail()
{
    var x = document.f.email.value;
    var atpos = x.indexOf("@");
    var dotpos = x.lastIndexOf(".");
    if (atpos < 1 || dotpos < atpos+2 || dotpos+2 >= x.length)
    {
        alert("Not a valid e-mail address");
        return false;
    }
}

我用它,它很完美。

public bool ValidateEmail(string sEmail)
{
    if (sEmail == null)
    {
        return false;
    }

    int nFirstAT = sEmail.IndexOf('@');
    int nLastAT = sEmail.LastIndexOf('@');

    if ((nFirstAT > 0) && (nLastAT == nFirstAT) && (nFirstAT < (sEmail.Length - 1)))
    {
        return (Regex.IsMatch(sEmail, @"^[a-z|0-9|A-Z]*([_][a-z|0-9|A-Z]+)*([.][a-z|0-9|A-Z]+)*([.][a-z|0-9|A-Z]+)*(([_][a-z|0-9|A-Z]+)*)?@[a-z][a-z|0-9|A-Z]*\.([a-z][a-z|0-9|A-Z]*(\.[a-z][a-z|0-9|A-Z]*)?)$"));
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

作为一个生动的演示,下面的怪物很好,但它仍然不能正确识别所有语法上有效的电子邮件地址:它可以识别多达四层的嵌套评论。

这是解析器的工作,但即使地址在语法上有效,也可能无法交付。有时你不得不求助于乡巴佬的方法,“嘿,你们,看着我们!”

// derivative of work with the following copyright and license:
// Copyright (c) 2004 Casey West.  All rights reserved.
// This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
// modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

// see http://search.cpan.org/~cwest/Email-Address-1.80/

private static string gibberish = @"
(?-xism:(?:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\
s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^
\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))
|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+
|\s+)*[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+(?-xism:(?-xism:\
s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^
\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))
|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+
|\s+)*)|(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(
?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?
:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x
0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xism:[
^\\<DQ>])|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D])))+<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xi
sm:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xis
m:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\
]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\
s*)+|\s+)*))+)?(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?
-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:
\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[
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sm:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^(
)\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(
?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))
|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*(?-xism:[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<
>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+(?:\.[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]
+)*)(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))
|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:
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*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*)|(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?
:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x
0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xi
sm:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*
<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xism:[^\\<DQ>])|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]
)))+<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\
]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-x
ism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+
)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*))\@(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:(
?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?
-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^
()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s
*\)\s*)+|\s+)*(?-xism:[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+(
?:\.[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+)*)(?-xism:(?-xism:
\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[
^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+)
)|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)
+|\s+)*)|(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:
(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((
?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\
x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*\[(?:\s*(?-xism:(?-x
ism:[^\[\]\\])|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D])))+)*\s*\](?-xi
sm:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:
\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(
?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+
)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*)))>(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-
xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\
s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^
\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*))|(?-xism:(?-x
ism:(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^
()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*
(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D])
)|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*(?-xism:[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()
<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+(?:\.[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s
]+)*)(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+)
)|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism
:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\
s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*)|(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((
?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\
x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-x
ism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)
*<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xism:[^\\<DQ>])|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D
])))+<DQ>(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\
\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-
xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)
+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*))\@(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:
(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(
?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[
^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\
s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*(?-xism:[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+
(?:\.[^\x00-\x1F\x7F()<>\[\]:;@\,.<DQ>\s]+)*)(?-xism:(?-xism
:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:
[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+
))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*
)+|\s+)*)|(?-xism:(?-xism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism
:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\(
(?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A
\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*\[(?:\s*(?-xism:(?-
xism:[^\[\]\\])|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D])))+)*\s*\](?-x
ism:(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism
:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:
(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))
+)*\s*\)\s*)+|\s+)*))))(?-xism:\s*\((?:\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?
>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0D]))|(?-xism:\s*\((?:
\s*(?-xism:(?-xism:(?>[^()\\]+))|(?-xism:\\(?-xism:[^\x0A\x0
D]))|)+)*\s*\)\s*))+)*\s*\)\s*)*)"
  .Replace("<DQ>", "\"")
  .Replace("\t", "")
  .Replace(" ", "")
  .Replace("\r", "")
  .Replace("\n", "");

private static Regex mailbox =
  new Regex(gibberish, RegexOptions.ExplicitCapture);

RFC 5322标准:

允许点原子本地部分、引号字符串本地部分、过时(混合点原子和引号字符串)本地部分、域名域、(IPv4、IPv6和IPv4映射的IPv6地址)域文本域和(嵌套)CFWS。

'/^(?!(?>(?1)"?(?>\\\[ -~]|[^"])"?(?1)){255,})(?!(?>(?1)"?(?>\\\[ -~]|[^"])"?(?1)){65,}@)((?>(?>(?>((?>(?>(?>\x0D\x0A)?[\t ])+|(?>[\t ]*\x0D\x0A)?[\t ]+)?)(\((?>(?2)(?>[\x01-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-\'*-\[\]-\x7F]|\\\[\x00-\x7F]|(?3)))*(?2)\)))+(?2))|(?2))?)([!#-\'*+\/-9=?^-~-]+|"(?>(?2)(?>[\x01-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-!#-\[\]-\x7F]|\\\[\x00-\x7F]))*(?2)")(?>(?1)\.(?1)(?4))*(?1)@(?!(?1)[a-z0-9-]{64,})(?1)(?>([a-z0-9](?>[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?)(?>(?1)\.(?!(?1)[a-z0-9-]{64,})(?1)(?5)){0,126}|\[(?:(?>IPv6:(?>([a-f0-9]{1,4})(?>:(?6)){7}|(?!(?:.*[a-f0-9][:\]]){8,})((?6)(?>:(?6)){0,6})?::(?7)?))|(?>(?>IPv6:(?>(?6)(?>:(?6)){5}:|(?!(?:.*[a-f0-9]:){6,})(?8)?::(?>((?6)(?>:(?6)){0,4}):)?))?(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|[1-9]?[0-9])(?>\.(?9)){3}))\])(?1)$/isD'

RFC 5321标准:

允许点原子本地部分、引号字符串本地部分、域名域和(IPv4、IPv6和IPv4映射的IPv6地址)域文本域。

'/^(?!(?>"?(?>\\\[ -~]|[^"])"?){255,})(?!"?(?>\\\[ -~]|[^"]){65,}"?@)(?>([!#-\'*+\/-9=?^-~-]+)(?>\.(?1))*|"(?>[ !#-\[\]-~]|\\\[ -~])*")@(?!.*[^.]{64,})(?>([a-z0-9](?>[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?)(?>\.(?2)){0,126}|\[(?:(?>IPv6:(?>([a-f0-9]{1,4})(?>:(?3)){7}|(?!(?:.*[a-f0-9][:\]]){8,})((?3)(?>:(?3)){0,6})?::(?4)?))|(?>(?>IPv6:(?>(?3)(?>:(?3)){5}:|(?!(?:.*[a-f0-9]:){6,})(?5)?::(?>((?3)(?>:(?3)){0,4}):)?))?(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|[1-9]?[0-9])(?>\.(?6)){3}))\])$/iD'

基本:

允许点原子本地部分和域名域(需要至少两个域名标签,TLD限制为2-6个字母字符)。

"/^(?!.{255,})(?!.{65,}@)([!#-'*+\/-9=?^-~-]+)(?>\.(?1))*@(?!.*[^.]{64,})(?>[a-z0-9](?>[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.){1,126}[a-z]{2,6}$/iD"